Apush Chapter 23 Definitions – Flashcards

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Smoot-Hawley Tariff
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A tariff enacted by Hoover to encourage American manufacturing that failed (bad president)
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Bonus Army
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A group of WWI vets who marched to Washington to demand their pensions early, and were forcibly evicted from the White House grounds.
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fireside chats
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FDR's addresses to the public through radio, as a method of comforting the public through the Great Depression.
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Hundred Days
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Congress's session for the first period of FDR's presidency that passed 15 major bills.
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Glass-Steagall Act
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The act that created the FDIC and prohibited risky investments with other people's money.
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Agricultural Adjustment Act
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The act that regulated the farm economy by giving farmers money not to farm their land
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National Recovery Association
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An organization that was built by the National Industrial Recovery Act that set up self-governing associations within each industry. The organizations were controlled by big business, and so did not help the average person very much.
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Public Works Association
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An association to give work, which was established by Congress. It only lasted for a short time, and was Congress's first attempt to provide work to the unemployed.
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Civilian Conservation Corps
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A long-term program to employ men to improve the environment by doing reforestation and conservation work.
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Federal Housing Administration
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An association created under the Federal Housing Act that helped refinance homes and helped many people keep their houses.
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Securities and Exchange Commission
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An association established by Congress to regulate the stock market.
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Liberty League
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An organization created in 1935 to fight the socialist reforms of the new deal. It mainly had Democrats and business leaders as its members.
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National Association of Manufacturers
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A group that opposed the New Deal and influenced the USA for a long time. It was run mainly by business leaders.
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Townsend Plan
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A plan for pensions for the elderly created by a man from California. (I think he was a doctor turned senator)
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Welfare State
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A state with an industrial democracy that adopts government funded social welfare programs. This describes the USA after the New Deal.
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Wagner Act
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The act that allowed industrial workers to unionize in 1935.
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Social Security Act
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The act in 1935 that enacted pensions, unemployment compensation, and disabled pay to US citizens.
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Classical Liberalism
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The ideology that liberty is the foundation of a democratic society, and the government has the responsibility to protect that liberty through a welfare state.
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Works Progress Administration
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An organization that was established as part of the 2nd new deal that employed Americans to build infrastructure.
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Roosevelt Recession
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The economic drop between 1937 and 1938 caused by Roosevelt thinking the Depression was over and cutting his funding to aid organizations.
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Keynesian Economics
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An economic system where the gov't helps smooth out the highs and lows of the economy through deficit spending and interest rates.
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Indian Reorganization Act
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An act written by Collier and passed in 1934 which reversed the Dawes Severalty Act and promoted Indian Self government. Yes I know I spelled severalty wrong.
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Dust Bowl
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The environmental and economic conditions in the great plains caused by over farming, drought, and bad economic policies.
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Tennessee Valley Authority
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An environmental agency that tried to modernize the South through flood control, electricity, reforestation and agricultural and industrial development.
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Rural Electrification Administration
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An organization created in 1935 to spread electricity to rural farmers.
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Herbert Hoover
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Now he's a bad president. The president who at the beginning of the Depression didn't take action and told the public that hard work was the solution to the Depression.
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FDR
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The president who initiated the new deal and helped make the democrats who they are today. I've also heard he did something in WWII.
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Father Charles Coughlin
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A religious leader and a critic of the new deal who thought the new deal hadn't gone far enough. His views were tainted by his blatant anti-semetism.
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Huey Long
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Another critic of the new deal who created the "share our wealth" program.
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Frances Perkins
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The first woman to be named to a cabinet post. She was the secretary of labor under FDR.
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Eleanor Roosevelt
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The wife of FDR who was hugely involved in working conditions and women's rights.
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Mary McLeod Bethune
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A member of FDR's cabinet, this black woman founded a college and led the National Association of Colored Women before entering politics.
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John Collier
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The commissioner of the BIA who campaigned for the Indian Reorganization Act.
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