APUSH Ch. 28 MC – Flashcards
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During the 1950s, the general economic conditions of the United States included A. stagnant economic growth. B. high inflation. C. low federal government spending. D. a slowly rising gross national product. E. low unemployment.
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E. low unemployment.
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Between 1945 and 1960, the birth rate in the United States A. reversed a long pattern of decline. B. peaked in 1949. C. led to a doubling of the nation's population in this period. D. led to shortages of many consumer goods. E. fell precipitously from its World War II highs.
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A. reversed a long pattern of decline.
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Following World War II, the American economy A. gave the average American fifty percent more purchasing power in 1960 than in 1945. B. gave Americans the highest standard of living in 1960, after Switzerland and Sweden. C. grew nearly ten times faster than the population between 1945 and 1975. D. produced wealth that was equally distributed throughout the nation's population. E. gave the average American ten percent more purchasing power than he or she had during the 1920s.
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C. grew nearly ten times faster than the population between 1945 and 1975.
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During the 1950s, the region of the United States that experienced the most dramatic change as a result of the economic growth was A. the North. B. the South. C. the East. D. the West. E. Alaska and Hawaii.
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D. the West.
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During the 1950s, the American Federation of Labor in the United States A. was intimidated by powerful and wealthy corporations. B. made significant concessions in benefits to gain higher wages. C. merged with the Congress of Industrial Organizations. D. represented nearly one-half of all working Americans. E. saw its president, David Beck, charged with the misappropriation of union funds.
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C. merged with the Congress of Industrial Organizations.
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All of the following researchers made important contributions to the development of antibiotics EXCEPT A. Louis Pasteur. B. Paul Muller. C. Joseph Lister. D. Alexander Fleming. E. Howard Florey.
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B. Paul Muller.
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Following World War II, American scientists made a critical contribution to the development of penicillin by A. demonstrating the value of antiseptic solutions to prevent infection. B. first using the antibacterial agent known as sulfanilamide. C. finding methods for its mass production and commercial distribution. D. discovering the antibacterial properties for which the drug was named. E. discovering penicillin could be used to treat streptococcal blood infections..
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C. finding methods for its mass production and commercial distribution.
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In the early 20th century, the vaccine which raised the most safety concerns in the United States was for the prevention of A. typhoid. B. tetanus. C. small pox. D. rubella. E. tuberculosis.
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E. tuberculosis.
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In 1954, the American scientist Jonas Salk developed a vaccine for the prevention of A. polio. B. tuberculosis. C. influenza. D. yellow fever. E. typhoid.
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A. polio.
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All of the following statements regarding the use of DDT are true EXCEPT A. the pesticide likely saved the lives of thousands of soldiers during World War II. B. the pesticide was recognized to be extremely toxic to insects. C. after its introduction, it quickly gained a positive reputation for its effectiveness. D. scientists during WWII knew the pesticide had a long-term toxic effect on humans and animals. E. it was first used on a large scale in Italy in 1943-44 during a typhus outbreak.
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D. scientists during WWII knew the pesticide had a long-term toxic effect on humans and animals.
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The correct chronological order for developments in electronic technology is A. vacuum tube, integrated circuit, transistor. B. transistor, vacuum tube, integrated circuit. C. vacuum tube, transistor, integrated circuit. D. integrated circuit, transistor, vacuum tube. E. transistor, integrated circuit, vacuum tube.
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C. vacuum tube, transistor, integrated circuit.
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The first significant public awareness in the United States of computers came during A. the 1961 Mercury space flight. B. the 1957 launch of Sputnik. C. the 1958 launch of the first American satellite. D. the 1950 Bureau of Census tabulations. E. the 1952 election tabulations.
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E. the 1952 election tabulations.
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During the 1950s, the United States government's primary motive for the development of rocket and missile technology was A. for the exploration of outer space. B. for the establishment of communication and spy satellites around the earth. C. the quest to land a man on the moon. D. for the long-range delivery of weapons. E. to catch up with German knowledge of rocketry.
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D. for the long-range delivery of weapons.
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In 1960, the United States first successfully launched a missile from a submarine with the A. Polaris. B. Minuteman. C. Titan. D. Atlas. E. Mercury.
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A. Polaris.
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In 1961, the first American to be launched into space was A. Yuri Gargarin. B. John Glenn. C. Alan Shepard. D. Edwin Aldrin. E. Neil Armstong.
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C. Alan Shepard.
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The primary purpose of the American Apollo program was to A. launch manned vehicles into space to orbit the earth. B. land men on the moon. C. build an orbiting space station. D. send men to Mars. E. develop a reusable spaceship.
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B. land men on the moon.
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Between 1945-1957, the growth of American consumerism was aided by A. an 800 percent increase in consumer credit. B. the development of credit cards. C. low-payment credit plans. D. revolving charge accounts. E. All the answers are correct.
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E. All the answers are correct.
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Beginning in the late 1940s, William Levitt used mass-production techniques to sell A. frozen foods. B. appliances. C. televisions. D. houses. E. automobiles.
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D. houses.
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During the 1950s, the popularity in the United States of suburban living was partly explained by A. the social importance placed on the family. B. a desire for racial segregation. C. a desire for privacy, security, and space for consumer goods. D. All the answers are correct. E. None of the answers are correct.
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D. All the answers are correct.
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In 1946, Dr. Benjamin Spock's best-selling Baby and Child Care contended that A. fathers needed to spend as much time as mothers in the care and raising of their children. B. mothers should stay at home with their children. C. families should not have more than three children. D. the ages of children in a family should not be spaced out more than five years. E. children should not be breast-fed or allowed to sleep with their parents.
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B. mothers should stay at home with their children.
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During the 1950s, in the United States, married women who worked outside the home A. faced social pressures to quit their jobs. B. increased in number throughout the decade. C. accounted for one-third of all married women. D. All the answers are correct. E. None of the answers are correct.
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D. All the answers are correct.
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All of the following statements regarding early television are true EXCEPT A. in the 1920s, there were successful experiments in broadcasting pictures and sound. B. in 1946, there were only a few thousand television sets in the United States. C. the federal government regulated the content of both commercials and programs. D. all three major television networks had started as radio companies. E. it quickly became the most powerful medium of mass communication in history.
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C. the federal government regulated the content of both commercials and programs.
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During the 1950s, television networks A. refused to show the social upheavals that occurred in America. B. generally sought to convey an idealized image of America. C. created conditions that helped to ameliorate social conflict. D. All the answers are correct. E. None of the answers are correct.
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B. generally sought to convey an idealized image of America.
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During the 1950s, the American environmental preservation movement was mobilized by A. a proposed dam on the Green River in Echo Park, Utah. B. the construction of a dam in the Hetch Hetchy Valley at Yosemite National Park. C. the diverting of water from Owens Valley to Los Angeles, California. D. the growing proliferation of nuclear power plants. E. the nuclear incident at Three Mile Island.
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A. a proposed dam on the Green River in Echo Park, Utah.
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In his 1956 book on corporate America, The Organization Man, William Whyte, Jr. contended A. the ideal of rugged individualism had been reestablished in the business community. B. women and minorities had little chance for advancement in American corporations. C. corporate wealth was not being fairly shared with its workers. D. the "inner-directed man" had become "other-directed." E. a worker's most valuable trait in the corporate work setting was to get along.
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E. a worker's most valuable trait in the corporate work setting was to get along.
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In his 1950 book, The Lonely Crowd, sociologist David Riesman argued that Americans A. were increasingly less likely to judge themselves on the basis of their own values. B. were increasingly interested in winning approval in their jobs and from their community. C. were increasingly more likely to be "other-directed." D. All the answers are correct. E. None of the answers are correct.
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D. All the answers are correct.
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The popular "beat" novel On the Road (1957) was written by A. Allen Ginsberg. B. J. D. Salinger. C. Jack Kerouac. D. William Burroughs. E. Saul Bellow.
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C. Jack Kerouac.
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In the 1950s, crimes committed by juveniles A. were the most visible evidence of widespread restiveness among young Americans. B. did not receive much public attention. C. soared, particularly in categories of violent crimes. D. resulted in widespread social unrest during the decade. E. did not significantly increase during the decade.
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E. did not significantly increase during the decade.
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Like many early white rock musicians, Elvis Presley drew heavily from black traditions in A. jazz. B. rhythm and blues. C. country western. D. gospel. E. folk.
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B. rhythm and blues.
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The rapid rise in the popularity of rock music was partly due to A. innovations in radio programming. B. innovations in television programming. C. entrepreneurial record promoters. D. All the answers are correct. E. None of the answers are correct.
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D. All the answers are correct.
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Michael Harrington's 1962 book, The Other America, focused on the problems of A. sexism. B. racism. C. poverty. D. youth alienation. E. McCarthyism.
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C. poverty.
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All of the following statements regarding poverty in America during the 1950s are true EXCEPT A. more than 30 million Americans lived in poverty at any given time of the decade. B. the percentage of the population living in poverty rose during the decade. C. Native Americans were the single poorest group in the country. D. most of the poor experienced poverty temporarily. E. many rural Americans lived on the margins of the affluent society.
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B. the percentage of the population living in poverty rose during the decade.
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During the 1950s, rural America A. lost ten percent of its population in 1956. B. saw its percentage of the national income drop to less than two percent. C. saw the South increase plantings of cotton as a cash crop. D. All the answers are correct. E. None of the answers are correct.
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A. lost ten percent of its population in 1956.
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In 1960, the city in the United States with the largest Mexican-American population was A. New York. B. San Antonio. C. Chicago. D. San Diego. E. Los Angeles.
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E. Los Angeles.
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All of the following were factors in the 1950s in rising poverty rates in inner cities EXCEPT A. large numbers of poor people migrating into these areas. B. increasing automation. C. a growth of unskilled industrial jobs in these areas. D. persistent racial discrimination. E. the movement of factories and mills to new locations.
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C. a growth of unskilled industrial jobs in these areas.
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The Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954) A. reaffirmed the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson decision. B. passed by a narrow 5-4 vote. C. set specific timetables for enactment. D. declared that separate educational facilities were unlawful. E. arose from a case involving segregation in Mississippi.
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D. declared that separate educational facilities were unlawful.
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In the civil rights movement, the spirit of "massive resistance" is associated with A. northern blacks. B. southern blacks. C. northern whites. D. progressive liberals. E. southern whites.
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E. southern whites.
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In 1957, the effort to integrate Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas required A. President Dwight Eisenhower to remove the governor of Arkansas from office. B. the presence of federal troops to enforce court orders. C. the replacement of many of the school's teachers. D. the arrest of hundreds of whites protesting at the school. E. the Supreme Court to issue another decision, Brown II.
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B. the presence of federal troops to enforce court orders.
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The Montgomery bus boycott of 1955-1956 A. failed to end the segregation policies on public city buses. B. was ruled illegal by the Supreme Court. C. was sparked by a beating of an African-American woman. D. marked the emergence of an effective form of racial protest. E. led to the creation of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE).
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D. marked the emergence of an effective form of racial protest.
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Martin Luther King, Jr., was leader of the A. Southern Christian Leadership Conference. B. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. C. United Negro Improvement Association. D. Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. E. Congress of Racial Equality.
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A. Southern Christian Leadership Conference.
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In the 1950s, factors in the rise of the civil rights movement included A. the events of World War II. B. the growth of the urban middle class. C. the rapid spread of television. D. Cold War politics. E. All the answers are correct.
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E. All the answers are correct.
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In his economic agenda, President Dwight Eisenhower A. cut back public welfare programs. B. lowered federal support for farm prices. C. generally followed the lead of the right wing of his party. D. allowed the federal deficit to rise due to high military spending. E. maintained the wage and price controls of the Truman administration.
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B. lowered federal support for farm prices.
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The most significant and costly initiative of the federal government under President Dwight Eisenhower involved A. a nuclear energy program. B. the space program. C. a federal highway system. D. a national healthcare system. E. a large tax cut.
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C. a federal highway system.
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In the 1956 elections, A. President Dwight Eisenhower faced his 1952 Democratic opponent. B. the Republicans won control of both houses of Congress. C. President Eisenhower suffered a heart attack on the campaign trail. D. the major issue was an economic recession. E. Vice-President Richard Nixon was dropped from the ticket.
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A. President Dwight Eisenhower faced his 1952 Democratic opponent.
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The political decline of Senator Joseph McCarthy began when he investigated A. the United States Senate. B. the Central Intelligence Agency. C. Dwight Eisenhower's family. D. the civil rights movement. E. the army.
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E. the army.
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In 1954, in regards to Senator Joseph McCarthy, the United States Senate voted to A. expel him from the Senate. B. censure him for "conduct unbecoming a senator." C. charge him with slander and libel. D. fine him. E. convict him of perjury.
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B. censure him for "conduct unbecoming a senator."
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In 1954, under John Foster Dulles's concept of "massive retaliation," the United States would A. counter any Soviet military move with a larger American force. B. win the Cold War regardless of the financial cost. C. use nuclear weapons against communist aggression. D. use military force before diplomacy in dealing with the Soviet Union. E. rely primarily on large conventional forces in local conflicts to defeat communism.
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C. use nuclear weapons against communist aggression.
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Until the early 1950s, the country the United States assisted in trying to control Vietnam was A. France. B. Taiwan. C. Japan. D. England. E. China.
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A. France.
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In 1954, Ho Chi Minh was receiving aid from A. the Soviet Union. B. the United States. C. China. D. the Soviet Union and the United States. E. the Soviet Union and China.
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E. the Soviet Union and China.
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In regards to Vietnam, the Geneva accords of 1954 A. were written by the United States State Department. B. gave Ho Chi Minh full authority of the country. C. called for democratic elections. D. led France to increase its presence. E. put Ngo Dinh Diem in charge of North Vietnam.
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C. called for democratic elections.
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As a result of the Geneva accords of 1954, the United States A. oversaw elections in which Ngo Dinh Diem was popularly elected. B. initiated a program to send financial aid to Vietnam. C. sent combat troops to Vietnam. D. supported Ngo Dinh Diem as the leader of the government in South Vietnam. E. sent military aid to the French at Dien Bien Phu.
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D. supported Ngo Dinh Diem as the leader of the government in South Vietnam.
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Between 1945-1959, the United States policy in the Middle East saw the A. Eisenhower administration assist in the construction of the Aswan Dam. B. Truman administration refuse to recognize the state of Israel. C. President Eisenhower seek to end the rule of Egyptian leader Gamal Nasser during the Suez crisis. D. CIA engineer a coup that brought the Shah of Iran to power. E. U.S. refuse to join in a UN resolution denouncing British and French actions during the Suez crisis.
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D. CIA engineer a coup that brought the Shah of Iran to power.
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In 1954, the Eisenhower administration ordered the CIA to help overthrow the government of A. Panama. B. Colombia. C. Guatemala. D. Cuba. E. Haiti.
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C. Guatemala.
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The Eisenhower administration responded to Fidel Castro's coming to power in Cuba by A. ending diplomatic relations. B. blockading Cuban ports. C. establishing a military presence in Guantanamo Bay. D. All the answers are correct. E. None of the answers are correct.
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A. ending diplomatic relations.
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In 1960, the Soviet Union's announcement it had shot down an American U-2 spy plane A. proved to be false. B. occurred at the close of an important summit conference in Paris. C. compelled President Dwight Eisenhower to apologize for invading Soviet airspace. D. resulted in a United Nations' proclamation that criticized the United States. E. led Soviet Premier Khrushchev to cancel a planned visit by Eisenhower to Moscow.
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E. led Soviet Premier Khrushchev to cancel a planned visit by Eisenhower to Moscow.
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In his farewell address to the nation, President Dwight Eisenhower warned against the dangers of A. global nuclear war. B. excessive consumer materialism. C. "brinkmanship" diplomacy. D. "the military-industrial complex." E. the growing communist threat.
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D. "the military-industrial complex."
