question

political boss

answer

a leader in a political party who controls votes and dictates appointments

question

civil service reform

answer

Congress took action in the late 19th century to protect ethical politicians and create standards for political service; including, a civil service test for those seeking a job in government.

question

subtreasury plan

answer

devised by alliance leader Charles Macune by which farmers could store their nonperishable commodities in government warehouses, receive low interest loans using the crops as collateral

question

free silver

answer

Political issue involving the unlimited coinage of silver, supported by farmers and William Jennings Bryan

question

Tammany Hall

answer

a political organization within the Democratic Party in New York city (late 1800's and early 1900's) seeking political control by corruption and bossism

question

Stalwarts

answer

A faction of the Republican party in the ends of the 1800s Supported the political machine and patronage. Conservatives who hated civil service reform.

question

Half-Breeds

answer

Moderate republicans who favored civil service reform

question

Pendleton Act

answer

1883 law that created a Civil Service Commission and stated that federal employees could not be required to contribute to campaign funds nor be fired for political reasons

question

Farmers Alliance

answer

A Farmers' organization founded in late 1870s; worked for lower railroad freight rates, lower interest rates, and a change in the governments tight money policy

question

William Marcy Tweed

answer

N.Y. political boss (did not hold a political office) controlled the Democratic political machine known as Tammany Hall; Stole $200 million form New York City

question

Rutherford B. Hayes

answer

19th president of the united states, was famous for being part of the Hayes-Tilden election in which electoral votes were contested in 4 states, most corrupt election in US history

question

James Garfield

answer

20th president, Republican, assassinated by Charles Julius Guiteau after a few months in office due to lack of patronage

question

Charles J. Guiteau

answer

assassinated President James Garfield to make civil service reform a reality. He shot Garfield because he believed that the Republican Party had not fulfilled its promise to give him a government job.

question

James G. Blaine

answer

The leader of the halfbreeds. He had the potential of being a great political leader and largely succeeded in reshaping the Republicans from an antislavery party into a well organized, business-oriented party.

question

Benjamin Harrison

answer

23rd President; Republican, poor leader, introduced the McKinley Tariff and increased federal spending to a billion dollars

question

Roscoe Conkling

answer

a politician from New York who served both as a member of the United States House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate. He was the leader of the Stalwart faction of the Republican Party.

question

James B. Weaver

answer

He was the Populist candidate for president in the election of 1892; received only 8.2% of the vote. He was from the West.

question

William Jennings Bryan

answer

Principal figure in the Populist party. United States lawyer and politician who advocated free silver and prosecuted John Scopes (1925) for teaching evolution in a Tennessee high school (1860-1925)

question

Marcus Alzono Hanna

answer

An American industrialist and Republican politician from Cleveland, Ohio. He rose to fame as the campaign manager of the successful Republican Presidential candidate, William McKinley, in the U.S. Presidential election of 1896 in a well-funded political campaign and subsequently became one of the most powerful members of the U.S. Senate.

question

McKinley Tariff

answer

1890 tariff that raised protective tariff levels by nearly 50%, making them the highest tariffs on imports in the United States history

question

solid South

answer

Term applied to the one-party (Democrat) system of the South following the Civil War. For 100 years after the Civil War, the South voted Democrat in every presidential election.

question

Roscoe Conkling

answer

a politician from New York who served both as a member of the United States House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate. He was the leader of the Stalwart faction of the Republican Party.

question

Halfbreeds

answer

republican reformers who were accused of backing reform simply to create openings for their own supporters, led by James G. Blaine

question

Stalwarts

answer

Republicans fighting for civil service reform during Garfield's term; they supported Cleveland.

question

Mugwumps

answer

A group of renegade Republicans who supported 1884 Democratic presidential nominee Grover Cleveland instead of their party's nominee, James G. Blaine.

question

Chester A. Arthur

answer

Appointed customs collector for the port of New York - corrupt and implemented a heavy spoils system. He was chosen as Garfield's running mate. Garfield won but was shot, so Arthur became the 21st president.

question

Thomas Reid

answer

American novelist who wrote numerous popular novels set in untamed settings, especially the American West. His tales, based on his adventures in America, captivated American youths, including the young Theodore Roosevelt.

question

Pendleton Act

answer

1883 law that created a Civil Service Commission and stated that federal employees could not be required to contribute to campaign funds nor be fired for political reasons

question

Greenback Party

answer

The party opposed the shift from paper money back to a specie-based monetary system because it believed that privately owned banks and corporations would then reacquire the power to define the value of products and labor. Conversely, they believed that government control of the monetary system would allow it to keep more currency in circulation, as it had in the war

question

Crime of 1873

answer

The Fourth Coinage Act was enacted by the United States Congress in 1873 and embraced the gold standard and de-monetized silver. U.S. set the specie standard in gold and not silver, upsetting miners who referred to it as a crime

question

Bland-Allison Act (1878)

answer

A United States federal law enacted in response to the Fourth Coinage Act that demonetizing silver. It was an attempt to bring back silver because gold was the only metallic standard before this act

question

Benjamin Harrison

answer

23rd President; Republican, poor leader, introduced the McKinley Tariff and increased federal spending to a billion dollars

question

Sherman Silver Purchase Act (1890)

answer

Passed to appease pro-silver interests in the Midwest (Farmers), the act created inflation and lowered gold reserves thus causing the Panic of 1893.

question

Populist Party

answer

Political party founded in 1891 - called for free coinage of silver and paper money, national income tax, direct election of senators, regulation of railroads, and other government reforms to help farmers

question

Panic of 1893

answer

Serious economic depression beginning in 1893. Began due to rail road companies over-extending themselves, causing bank failures. Was the worst economic collapse in the history of the country until that point, and, some say, as bad as the Great Depression of the 1930s.

question

William McKinley

answer

25th president responsible for Spanish-American War, Philippine-American War, and the Annexation of Hawaii, imperialism. Is assassinated by an anarchist

question

Dingley Tariff

answer

Passed in 1897, the highest protective tariff in U.S. history with an average duty of 57%.

APUSH – Ch. 21 (Big Business/Nat’l Politics) – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards