APUSH Ch. 15 – Flashcards
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The Freedmen's Bureau
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distributed food to millions of Southern blacks.
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As Republicans planned for Reconstruction,
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Radicals sought a range of punishments for white Southerners.
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President Abraham Lincoln's "10 percent" plan for the South referred to the
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number of white voters required to take loyalty oaths before setting up a state government.
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The Wade-Davis Bill
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sought to bring about the disenfranchisement of leading Confederates.
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The assassination of President Abraham Lincoln
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involved a larger conspiracy to kill other members of the administration.
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As president, Andrew Johnson
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offered amnesty to Southerners who pledged their loyalty to the United States.
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In the 1860s, Black Codes were
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designed to give whites control over freedmen.
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The Fourteenth Amendment
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gave citizenship rights to all people born in the United States.
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In 1867, congressional plans for Reconstruction
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required new state governments in the South to give voting rights to black males.
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The Fifteenth Amendment dealt with the issue of
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suffrage.
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The Tenure of Office Act
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was designed to limit President Andrew Johnson's authority.
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As a result of the Supreme Court's ruling in Ex parte Milligan, some Radical Republicans
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proposed abolishing the Court.
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In 1868, President Andrew Johnson was impeached because he
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At the conclusion of President Andrew Johnson's impeachment trial,
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Johnson was acquitted by a margin of one vote.
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During Reconstruction, the term "scalawags" referred to
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Southern white Republicans.
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During Reconstruction, most "carpetbaggers" were
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Northern white veterans who moved to the South.
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During Reconstruction, Southern African American officeholders
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underrepresented the total number of blacks living in the South.
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During Reconstruction, there was a dramatic improvement in Southern
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education.
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During Reconstruction, the Southern school system
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reached 40 percent of all black children by 1876.
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During Reconstruction, regarding land ownership in the South,
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ownership by whites declined, while ownership by blacks increased.
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Black sharecropping
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was a very common occupation of former slaves.
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During Reconstruction, per capita income for Southerners
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rose for blacks and declined for whites.
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During Reconstruction, the black labor force worked
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significantly fewer hours than had been the case during slavery.
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After the Civil War, most poor rural Southerners relied on credit from
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country stores.
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In the South, the crop-lien system along with the burdensome credit system
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encouraged the planting of cash crops.
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By the end of Reconstruction,
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roughly half of all black women were working for wages.
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In 1868, Ulysses S. Grant
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entered the White House with no political experience.
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Schuyler Colfax, Grant's vice president,
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was involved in a stock-fixing scandal.
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The Panic of 1873
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was the nation's worst economic depression to that time.
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During the Johnson administration, the United States acquired
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Alaska.
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The Alabama claims
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involved complaints by the United States against England.
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The "redeemed" governments of the South
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were so named when Democrats took back control of the government.
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Congressional passage of the Enforcement Acts in 1870-1871
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was aimed at reducing white repression of blacks in the South.
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Northern commitment to Reconstruction waned as a result of
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The elections of 1876 saw
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the candidate with the most popular votes fail to get elected.
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As president, Rutherford B. Hayes
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promised to serve only one term.
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Which of the following statements about the end of Reconstruction is accurate?
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Many white Southern leaders sympathized with Republican economic policies in the South but could not publicly support them.
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After Reconstruction, political power under southern "Redeemers"
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was very often restricted and conservative.
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Advocates of the "New South"
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promoted southern industry and railroad development.
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In the South during the last twenty years of the nineteenth century,
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textile manufacturing increased ninefold.
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During the last quarter of the nineteenth century, southern agriculture
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saw the great majority of farmers live under the tenant system.
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Among other ideas, Booker T. Washington
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favored industrial over classical education.
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In his 1895 "Atlanta Compromise" speech, Booker T. Washington
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called for tacit acceptance of the emerging system of racial segregation.
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The Supreme Court ruled in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that
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racial segregation was legal if whites and blacks had equal "accommodations."
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Grandfather laws established that
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men who could not meet the literacy and property qualifications could vote if their ancestors had voted before Reconstruction began.
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Jim Crow laws
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imposed a system of state-supported segregation.
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By the 1890s, voting percentages in the South had
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decreased for both whites and blacks.
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In the 1890s, the black journalist Ida B. Wells devoted her writing to attacking
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the crime of lynching.
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General Oliver O. Howard ran the ________, an agency that established schools and helped provide basic services for former slaves following the Civil War.
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Freedmen's Bureau
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Lincoln wanted ex-Confederate states admitted to the Union when ________ percent of a state's white voters took a loyalty oath.
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10
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State laws designed to restore slavery in all but name in the post-Civil War South were called the ________.
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Black Codes
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The Fourteenth Amendment offered the first constitutional definition of ________.
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citizenship
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The Tenure of Office Act was designed to protect the job of Secretary of War ________.
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Edwin Stanton
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Many of the so-called scalawags were former Southern ________.
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Whigs
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The most numerous Republicans in the South were the ________.
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black freedmen
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After the Civil War, most black agricultural workers toiled as tenants of white landowners and were known as ________.
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sharecroppers
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Enemies of President Grant and "Grantism" were called ________ Republicans.
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liberal
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The Panic of 1873 began with the failure of a leading investment banking firm, ________.
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Jay Cooke and Company
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The Treaty of Washington provided for ________ with Britain over "Alabama claims."
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international arbitration
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"Seward's Folly" refers to the American purchase of ________.
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alaska
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An end to Reconstruction was achieved by the ________ of 1877.
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compromise
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The last ________ were withdrawn from the South by President Hayes.
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federal troops
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Democrats restored to power in the South were known variously as the "________" or the "Bourbons."
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redeemers
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Booker T. Washington outlined his basic philosophy in an 1895 speech that has come to be called the ________ Compromise.
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atlanta
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In 1896 the Supreme Court declared that "separate but equal" in matters of race relations was constitutional, in the case of ________.
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Plessy v. Ferguson
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Ida B. Wells was a black journalist who was most concerned about stopping the practice of ________ in the late nineteenth-century South.
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lynching
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