APUSH 1918-1941 Test Questions – Flashcards
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Harlem Renaissance
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the flourishing of African-American literature and art in the 1920's centered in Harlem neighborhood of NYC; Prominent figures: Langston Hughes, Claude McKay, W.E.B. DuBois, Bessy Smith
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National Origins Act
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1924 - A law that severely restricted immigration by establishing a system of national quotas that blatantly discriminated against immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and virtually excluded Asians.
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cultural isolation
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reletively lack of participation in a cultural system; ex. App. Mts- people were still speaking Old English; they don't change with society
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18th Amendment
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1919, established prohibiton in the U.S.; couldn't manufacture,sell, or distribute alcohol
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19th Amendment
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1920, gave women the right to vote, a reward for women's role during WWI, 26 states petitioned for it
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20th Amendment
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Advanced Presidential Inaugurations from March 4th to Jan. 20, shortened the "lame duck" period
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21st Amendment
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1933, repealed the 18th Amendment, allowed for alcohol at age 21
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Andrew Mellon
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one of the wealthiest bankers of his day, controlled Congress along with other business tycoons, 1920's Sec of Treasury - reduced debt of WWI in half
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Albert Fall
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Sec of Interior under President Harding. was involved in the Teapot Dome Scandal, took land in Teapot Dome, WY & leased it when it wasnt his; first cabinet member to go to jail
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John L. Lewis
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militant founder of the United Mine Workers Union; 1935 - United Mine Workers; first president of the CIA
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Hoovervilles
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name given to any shanty town the manifested itself during the period when Hoover was president, little towns w/ poor housing (shacks)
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"Back To Africa Movement"
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1920's - mobilized thousands of African-Americans who wished to leave the state for Republic of Liberia; Martha Scarvey
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Spirit of St. Louis
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Charles Lindbergh's plane that flew solo across the Atlantic; 1927 was the biggest hero & repersented the self-made man; first ever
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Palmer Raids
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series of controversial raids by the U.S. Justice and Immigration Departments from 1919 to 1921 on suspected radical leftists in the United States. The raids are named for Alexander Mitchell Palmer, United States Attorney General under Woodrow Wilson.
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lost generation
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Group of writers who criticized the values of post war American Society some of them moved to france; 1920's & 1930's; Earnest Hemingway & F. Scott Fitzgerald & Bircherd Stein
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Keyensian Economics
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1920's economic philosophy when demand doesnt met expectations there is unemployment & depression while if demand surpasses production inflation occurs, solution to depression is to have gov. spend while maintaining low taxes to simulate the economy
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Warren G. Harding
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a senetor from Ohio chosen by the republicans to be a candidate after WW1, 1923 - Teapot Dome Scandal, 29th President, lassiez faire government, many scandals
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F. Scott Fitzgerald
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author of "The Great Gastby", classic novel of wit & style that captured the "Roaring 20's", part of "Lost Generation", ridicule of American's materialism
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National Labor Relations Act
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1935 aka Wagner Act, defined unjust labor practices & secured workers right to bargain collectively; established the National Labor Relations Board; pro-labor; allowed Unions to grow
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National Industrial Recovery Act
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1933, focused on the employment of the unemployed, regulation of unfair business ethics, helped businesses self regulate, 1935 claimed "unconstitutional"
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Huey Long (King Fish) - Louisiana
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popular government who called for confiscation of all fortunes over $5 million, also a 100% tax on annual incomes over $1 million, "Share the Wealth", assassinated in 1935
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Georgia O' Keeffe
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lived to be 99, American painter known for her paintings of abstract & representation in paintings of flowers, rocks, shells, & landscapes; women from the southwest
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John Steinback/"Grapes of Wrath"
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American author (1902-1968); 1939 book illustrated plight of a dust bowl family, hopelessness in fast changing America
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Lend-Lease Act
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U.S. lended or leased the U.K, Soviet Union, China, France and other allied nations w/ war material, (1941-1945), in return for military bases
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courtpacking scheme
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proposal by FDR allowed president to appoint new Supreme Court justices, totaling 6 in all
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Indian Reorganization Act
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1934- provided loans for economic development, restored tribal ownership of lands, recognized tribal constitutions & governments
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Langston Hughes
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Black Essaist and poet during the Harlem Renaissance
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quota system
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established the maximum number of immigrants from any given country
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NAACP
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an organazation founded by both blacks and whites who's goal was to fight predijuce and discrimination
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Bonus March
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1932, 1000 unemployed WWI veterans marched on Washington demanding immediate payment of their bonuses which were to be given to them in 1945
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Schenck v U.S.
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a United States Supreme Court decision concerning the question of whether the defendant possessed a First Amendment right to free speech against the draft during World War I. Ultimately, the case served as the founding of the "clear and present danger" rule.
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Sacco and Vanzetti
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were italian immigrants. anarchist. Arrested in Massachusetts on murder and robery. Found guilty and put to death.
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TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority)
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An attempt at regional planning. Included provisions for environment and recreational design; architectural, educational, and health projects; and controversial public power projects; continues today to meet the Tennessee Valley's energy and flood-control needs.
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Henry Ford
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Invented the assembly line, introduced the low priced Model T in 1908 and by 1916 700,000 had been sold., United States manufacturer of automobiles who pioneered mass production (1863-1947)
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Universal Negro Improvement Association
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Association founded by Marcus Gravey in 1914 to foster African American economic independence and establish an independent black homeland in Africa.
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America First Committee
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A committee organized in 1940 by isolationists before WWII, who wished to spare American lives. They wanted to protect America before we went to war in another country. Charles A. Lindbergh (the aviator) was its most effective speaker.
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Schechter v U.S. (sick chicken)
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1935 - New York company was charged with violation of NRA (Nat'l recovery assciation) regulations - supreme court declared the NRA illegal because it regulated interstate commerce, a violation of federal law
