question

What people swarmed to mid-Atlantic colonies

answer

German families from Ireland and Rhineland

question

Explain what New England did to forests and who they fed

answer

Cleared the forest for timber which was used in boats to fish offshore to feed local population and West Indies

question

Middle colonies had much richer ______ compared to New England

answer

soil

question

Who did the middle colonies feed

answer

places in Europe and New England (everyone)

question

Why was obtaining land important in middle colonies and were many men able to

answer

meant economic independence and political rights, yes

question

A rising population meant this for New England

answer

limited land supply

question

What caused dwindling farm size in New England

answer

decreasing soil fertility, reduced fallowing

question

Where did New Englanders go after diminishing size and productivity of family farms occurred

answer

Costal towns to become artisans or mariners

question

What allowed Northern colonies to have more artisans (clockmakers, shoemakers, etc.)

answer

the seasonal rhythm. Had short growing season and less labor intensive crops.

question

What made up most of the population in northern colonies after 1713

answer

indentured servants mainly and slaves

question

Did the servants usually reach their goal of securing a foothold on the latter of opportunity

answer

no, often died or were poor day laborers if they did succeed

question

Why did the slaves in the north adopt European ways much faster than the south

answer

they labored alone and lived with their masters

question

Benjamin Franklin's popular work _____________, next to the bible, was the most widely read book in the colonies

answer

Poor Richards Almanack

question

compared to her english counterpart, the eighteenth-century northern colonial woman..?

answer

enjoyed broader legal and property rights

question

The work spaces and daily routines of husband and wife _________. Why?

answer

overlapped/ intersected. Useful for when the husband voyaged

question

Largest colony by 1760

answer

Virginia

question

The colony of _____ was a debtors haven and served as a buffer between Spanish Florida and Carolinas

answer

Georgia

question

Between 1690-1760 the souther white tidewater changed from a frontier society with high immigration, surplus of males, and an unstable social organization to this

answer

settled society composed of native born families

question

Two decades of war in Europe caused _______ in the tobacco market from 1680-1715

answer

stagnation

question

During 1860-1715 who went through profound changes and what were they

answer

the Upper South. 1. African slaves replaced European Indentured Servants (grew from 7% to 40%) 2. They shifted away from tobacco fields by diversifying crops and developing local industries 3. Families rather than single men dominated

question

Relationship with families and slaves by late 1750's

answer

didn't own them at all

question

Plantation economy in the LOWER south rested on this

answer

Rice and Indigo (cash crops)

question

White population in lower south wintered in _____ and summered in______. This way they were able to avoid

answer

charleston, newport/rhode island. seasonal malaria

question

by the 1740s, the vast majority of inhabitants along the coast of south carolina consisted of..?

answer

black slaves

question

Planters who acquired the best land and invested heavily in slaves created a ______ lifestyle that set them apart from ordinary farmers

answer

gentry (had a wealthy lifestyle)

question

What were some of the ritual displays of wealth that marked southern gentry life

answer

Racing thoroughbred horses and gambling on them, constructed Georgian mansions with imported furniture & slaves

question

Emerging elite had many responsibilities. Name 2

answer

controls country courts, officered the militia

question

Learning how to manage slaves in the south was ______ ________

answer

VERY important

question

Southern squires essentially ______ businessmen compared to those in the Chesapeake where ________

answer

agrarian, held many responsiblities (haggled over credit, land, slaves etc). Tobacco cultivation claimed planters year round attention (reputation rested on quality of crop)

question

Planters wives held ______ responsibilities. give examples

answer

many. included superintended cloth production, prepared food, took care of household

question

what are some gathering places in the south

answer

the courthouse (especially after with males) and the Anglican church

question

Who filled most of the Backcountry

answer

land hungry German's and Scott-Irish

question

Characteristics of the Backcountry

answer

poor boundaries with neighboring Indians, built society on small farms, isolated from Costal region

question

Describe marriage in backcountry

answer

very informal, didn't have the clergymen to bless the marriage

question

Was the backcountry filled with poor or rich? what are some examples

answer

poor. There weren't schools or churches and had few household positions living in log cabins

question

Describe women in backcountry

answer

worked alongside men in the fields but very civil

question

By 1760's southern backcountry became centers of________. Distinction became narrow as backcountries ______

answer

craft activity , church life, local government. Acquired look of performance

question

the typical master in colonial america wished to convert the slave into a..?

answer

mindless drudge who obeyed every command

question

the adoption of slave codes in the english colonies..?

answer

restricted the lives of slaves

question

In south Carolina slaves ______ whites and______ their african culture as opposed to those in Chesapeake

answer

outnumbered (3 to 1), maintained (spoke African Languages and named children African names

question

"Saltwater" Africans fought slavery ______

answer

fiercely

question

What were some ways slaves subtly rebelled after adjusting

answer

pretended to be ill, broke tools, crop destruction

question

which of the following factors helped temper rebellion and offer comfort to colonial slaves?

answer

religion and family life

question

Slaves in North America toiled _____ physically exhausting circumstances than

answer

those on sugar and coffee plantations

question

How was slave marriage affected (even though not supposed to occur)

answer

when a planter died and his land was split (then slave family was split) or the slave owner had sexual relations with slave (interracial relationships)

question

according to the theory of mercantilism, colonies existed primarily to..?

answer

provide foodstuffs and raw materials

question

Work patterns for artisans were _______. why?

answer

irregular because depended on multiple factors (weather, disease, season)

question

Urban artisans took _____ in their crafts and considered them the _____ of the community, who did this idea contrast with

answer

pride, backbone, upperclass (mere machanicks)

question

After fulfilling a contract as an apprentice an artisan became a

answer

journeyman

question

for urban artisans in colonial america..?

answer

a major goal was economic independence

question

Success was far from _____ for urban artisans

answer

automatic, often died of illness

question

Alongside urban wealth grew urban ________

answer

poverty

question

who was hit hardest by urban poverty

answer

Boston

question

the social structure of american colonial cities from 1690 to 1770 was influenced by..?

answer

an increasing gap between the wealthy and the poor

question

Why did Boston women prefer to starve in their homes rather than get help / work

answer

they didn't want to endure the discipline of the poorhouses, and didn't want to leave their children at home

question

according to the entrepreneurial ethos, government would provide for the general welfare by..?

answer

promoting individual competition

question

all of the following represent theories of enlightenment thinkers except the notion that..?

answer

God predetermined the contents of the human mind

question

perhaps the most pressing problem facing clergymen in the early eighteenth century and a cause for the Great Awakening was the..?

answer

pervasiveness of religious apathy

question

which of the following might not be considered a legacy of the great awakening?

answer

religious homogeneity

question

the religious revival known as the great awakening..?

answer

emphasized an emotional rather than intellectual approach to religion

question

What horrified the trained clergy during the Great Awakening

answer

the fact that anyone could preach

question

Some effects of the great awakening

answer

separation of church and state, more colleges arose, and people had a sense of self worth

APUS Chapter 4 Review – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards