APES Ch. 2
35 test answers
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answers 35question
British utilitarian who promoted the idea that actions should maximize the overall benefit to most people
answer
Jeremy Bentham, John Stuart Mill
Unlock the answer
question
Forest ranger in Arizona and New Mexico in the early 1900s who advocated preservation of nature's integrity. He wrote, "... to keep every cog and wheel is the first precaution of intelligent tinkering..."
answer
Aldo Leopold
Unlock the answer
question
"If domestic fuel prices rise to $5 per gallon, conservation will increase, alternative fuels will be developed, and energy efficiency and our quality of life will improve." This philosophy is consistent with ___ economics.
answer
environmental
Unlock the answer
question
Which of the following have contributed to the rapid increase in crude oil prices over the past decade?
answer
increased demand, creation of oil carters
Unlock the answer
question
Why is the consumption of fossils fuels high, despite high prices?
answer
the prices don't affect the demand of the rich
Unlock the answer
question
Which of the following represents one possible explanation for why the federal government has not been successful at mandating higher fuel efficiency standards for American vehicles?
answer
lobbying of the government sponsoring
Unlock the answer
question
What factors might lead to more political support for higher fuel-efficiency standards?
answer
lobbying -> the different cultural values
Unlock the answer
question
What alternative measures might the government take to aid in the fossil fuel crisis?
answer
investment and alternative/renewable energy
Unlock the answer
question
What measures might consumers take to aid in the fossil fuel crisis?
answer
consume green
Unlock the answer
question
_ Would oppose fuel efficiency standards because they believe "we will find more oil" to solve the fossil fuel crisis
answer
neoclassical economics, cornucopians
Unlock the answer
question
"If domestic fuel prices rise to $5 per gallon, growth will slow significantly and our quality of life will decline." This philosophy is consistent with _ economics.
answer
neoclassical
Unlock the answer
question
The philosophy of classical economics developed by Adam Smith
answer
freemarket capital
Unlock the answer
question
Contingent valuation
answer
uses surveys to determine how much people are willing to pay to protect or restore a resource
Unlock the answer
question
In general, environmentalists believe that government should
answer
nationalize all Earth's natural resources
Unlock the answer
question
Which of the following values includes volunteer work and pollution in a country's goods and services?
answer
GPI: Genuine Progress Indicator
Unlock the answer
question
Cassandras are
answer
predict doom and disaster for the world
Unlock the answer
question
A(n) _ is best defined as one who evaluates an action based on its impact on human health, economic costs and benefits, and aesthetic concerns.
answer
Anthropocentrist
Unlock the answer
question
A(n) _ is best defined as one who considers abiotic environmental impacts when considering an action.
answer
Ecocentrist
Unlock the answer
question
_ believe that Earth's natural systems generally operate in self-renewing cycles that are good models for sustainable economies.
answer
ecological economist
Unlock the answer
question
_ is defined as the study of how we decide to use scarce resources in the face of demand.
answer
economics
Unlock the answer
question
Modern market economies generally do not address _
answer
nonmarket values, aesthetic and cultural value
Unlock the answer
question
_ believe that within a market economy, economic sustainability is achieved through reduction of growth and by more efficient resource use.
answer
environmental economists
Unlock the answer
question
_ is best defined as the knowledge, believes, values, and learned ways of life shared by a group of people.
answer
Culture
Unlock the answer
question
Who is best known as the founder of the Sierra Club?
answer
Muir
Unlock the answer
question
As the industrial revolution spread in the _ century from _ throughout Europe and to North America and elsewhere, it amplified human impacts on the environment.
answer
18th, England
Unlock the answer
question
"Ecosystem services" include
answer
soil formation, climate regulation, pollination, nutrient cycling, waste treatment
Unlock the answer
question
The EPA defines _ as the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income, with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies.
answer
environmental justice
Unlock the answer
question
Which American president is famous for instituting protection of the California wilderness in the early 1900s?
answer
Theodore Roosevelt
Unlock the answer
question
The GPI for the US
answer
has remained flat for the past 35 years while GDP increased greatly
Unlock the answer
question
GPI is an acronym for
answer
Genuine Progress Indicator
Unlock the answer
question
American school of philosophy exemplified by Emerson and Whitman which saw nature as a symbol of deeper spiritual truth
answer
transcendentalism
Unlock the answer
