AP World History Chapter 5 Vocab – Flashcards
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Kush
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An African state that developed along the upper reaches of the Nile c. 1000 B.C.E. ; conquered Egypt and ruled it for several centuries
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Axum
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Kingdom located in Ethiopian highlands; replaced meroe in the first century C.E.; received strong influence from Arabian peninsula; eventually converted to Christianity
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Ethopia
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A Christian kingdom that developed in the highlands of eastern Africa under the dynasty of King Lalaibela; retained Christianity in the face of Muslim expansion elsewhere in Africa
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Shintoism
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Religion of early Japanese culture; devotees worshipped numberous gods and spirits associated with the natural world; offers of food and prayers made to gods and nature spirits
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Olmec
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Cultural tradition that arose at San Lorenzo and La Venta in Mexico c 1200 B.C.E.; featured irrigate agriculture, urbanism, elaborate religion, beginnings of calendrical and writing systems
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Teotihuacan
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Site of classic culture in central Mexico; urban center with important religious functions; supported by intensive agriculture in surrounding regions; population of as much ass 200,000
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Inca
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Group of clans centered at Cuzco that were able to create empire incorporating various Andean cultures; term also used for leader of empire
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Polynesian peoples
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people of the islands contained in a rough triangle whose points lie in Hawaii, New Zealand, and Easter Island
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Sui
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Dynasty that succeeded the Hand in China; emerged from strong rulers in northern China; united all of northern China and reconquered southern China
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Tang
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Dynasty that succeeded the Sui in 618 C.E.; more stable than previous dynasty
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Rajput
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Regional princes in India following collapse of empire; emphasized military control of their regions
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Devi
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Mother goddess within Hinduism; widely spread following collapse of Guptas; encouraged new emotionalism in religious ritual
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Islam
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Major world religion having its origins in 610 C. E. in the Arabian peninsula; meaning literally submission; based on prophecy of Muhammad
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Allah
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Supreme God in strictly monotheistic Islam
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Constantinople
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second capital of Rome; established by Roman emperor Constantine
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Byzantine Empire
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Eastern half of Roman Empire following collapse of western half of old empire; retained Mediterranean culture, particularly Greek; later lost Palestine, Syria, and Egypt to Islam; capital at Constantinople
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Augustine
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Influential church father and theologian; born in Africa and ultimately Bishop of Hippo in Africa; champion of Christian doctrine against carious heresies and very important in the long-term development of Christian thought on such issues as predestination
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Coptic Christianity
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religion of Egypt that originated in Alexandria; acknowledge John Mark as first bishop and founder; The Coptic church was actually the very first major split in the Church
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Syncretism
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the religions changed , sometimes taking on the features of indicidual civilizations even while maintaining larger religious claims
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Bodhisattvas
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Buddhist holy men; built up spiritual merits during their life times; prayers even after death could aid people to achieve reflected holiness
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Mahayana
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Chinese version of Buddhism; placed considerable emphasis on Buddha as god or savior
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Jesus of Nazareth
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Prophet and teacher among the Jews; believed by Christians to be the messiah; executed c. 30 C.E.
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Paul
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One of the first Christian missionaries; moved away from insistence that adherents of the new religion follow Jewish law; use of Greek as language of Church
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Benedict
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Founder of manasticism in what had been the western half o the Roman Empire; established Benedictine Rule in the 6th century; paralleled development of Basil's rules in Byzantine Empire
