AP World History – Ch. 8 vocab – Flashcards
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stateless societies
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African societies organized around kinship or other forms or obligation and lacking the concentration of political power and authority associated with states
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Ifriqiya
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the Arabic term for western north Africa
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Almohadis
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A reformist movement among the Islamic Berbers of northern Africa; later than the Almoravids; penetrated into sub-saharan Africa
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Sundiata (sunjata)
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the "Lion Prince"; a member of the Keita clan; created a unified state that became the Mali Empire; died about 1260
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griots
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professional oral historians who served as keepers of traditions and advisors to kings within the Mali empire
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Ibn Batua (b. 1304)
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Arab traveler who described African societies and cultures in his travel records
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Timbuktu
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port city of Mali; located just off the flood plain on the great bend in the Niger Rivers population of 50m000; contained a library and a university
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Songhay
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successor state to Mali; dominated middle reaches of Nigher Valley; formed an independent kingdom under a Berber dynasty capital at Gao; reached imperial status under Sumi Ai (1464-1492)?
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Hausa
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people of northern Nigeria; formed states following the demise of Songhay Empire that combined Muslim & Pagan traditions
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Muhammad the Great
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Extended the boundaries of the Songhay Empire; Islamic ruler of the mid-16th century
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Sharia
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Islamic law; defined among other things the patrilineal nature of Islamic inheritance
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demography
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the study of population
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demographic transition
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shift to low birthrate, low infant death rate, stable population; first emerged in western Europe and U.S. in late 19th century
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Zanj
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Arabic term for the east African coast
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Benin
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powerful city-state (in present day Nigeria) which came into contact with the Portuguese in 1485 but remained relatively free of European influence; important comm. and political entity until 19th century
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Kongo
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kingdom, based on agriculture, formed on lower Congo River by late 15th century; capital @ Mbanza Kongo, ruled by hereditary monarchy
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Great Zimbabwe
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Bantu confederation of Shona-speaking peoples located between Zambezi adn Limpopo rivers, developed after 9th century, featured royal courts, built of stone; created centralized state by 15th century; king took title of Mwene Mutapa
