AP US History Chapter 7 – Flashcards
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Mercantilism
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idea that a country's economic wealth could be measured by the amount of gold in its treasury
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Navigation Laws
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laws that regulated trade to benefit England's Mercantilist system- only allowed them to trade with Britain
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Enumerated Products
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products tat had to be sent to Britain, even though there might be better prices
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Monetary Deflation
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there wasn't enough money in the colonies- had to print their own
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Royal Veto
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British right to nullify any legislation passed by the colonial system if it went against Mercantalism
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Salutary Neglect
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time from after King William's War to the French and Indian war where Britain let the colonies run themselves
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John Hancock
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rich colonist who made money by smuggling around the Navigation Laws
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Rights of Englishmen
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colonists had protection of British army and navy
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George Grenville
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the Prime Minister of Britain- ordered the navy to enforce the Navigation Acts- created the Sugar Act
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Sugar Act
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1st law 1765- passed by Parliament that raised taxes of colonists- on imported sugar
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Quartering Act
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1765- required colonists to provide food and shelter to British troops
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Stamp Act
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1765- mandated use of stamps that taxed most paper products
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Admiralty Courts
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trial where there is no jury- defendant was assumed to be guilty
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Virtual Representation
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representatives in Parliament represented all citizens- colonists didn't believe and wanted their own reprentative
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Stamp Act Congress
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1765- brought together 27 delegates from 9 colonies- asked King to repeal Act
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Nonimportation Agreements
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colonists would not import British goods as a protest against the new Acts- 1st political victory for the Americans
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Sons of Liberty
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enforced the Nonimportation Agreements- mobs violently ransacked officials' houses
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Daughters of Liberty
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the female version of the Sons of Liberty
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Declaratory Act
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Britain declares it has complete control over the colonies
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Charles Townshend
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persuaded Parliament to pass the Townshend Acts
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Townshend Acts
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act that put light taxes on lead, paper, paint and tea- hated by Americans because the profits were used to pay the government officials
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Red Coats
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British soldiers- sent to enforce the Townshend Acts
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Crispus Attucks
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black "leader" of the mob in the Boston Massacre
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John Adams
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defense attorney of the British troops in the Boston Massacre- future president
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King George III
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King who tried to assert the power of the British monarchy
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Lord North
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George's corrupt prime minister
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Samuel Adams
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organizer of rebellion- started the committees of correspondence
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Committees of Correspondence
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ways for the colonies to comunicated with each other- the future Congresses
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British East India Company
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company was going to go bankrupt, British government let them sell left over tea to Americans at a cheap price, while still taxing it
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Annapolis Tea Party
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colonists burned tea and a ship in Annapolis
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Boston Tea Party
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colonists dressed up as Indians and dumped tea into the Boston Harbor- led to Intolerable Acts
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Intolerable Acts
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acts that removed many of the rights of the colonists- Boston Port closes, British officials could be tried in England, the charter of Massachusetts revoked, guaranteed Catholicism to French-Canadians (good law)
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Boston Port Act
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Britain closed the harbor as punishment until the damages were paid
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Quebec Act
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French-Canadians were guaranteed Catholicism
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First Continental Congress
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1774- ment in Philadelphia to discuss colony problems- came up with list of grievances (ignored by Britain), and Declaration of Rights, agreed to meet the next year
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The Association
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organization that wanted a complete boycott of British goods
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Minutemen
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name of the colonial militia
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Lexington
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8 Americans are killed by Red Coats trying to seize power and capture Sam Adams and John Hancock- the first battle of the Revolutionary war
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Concord
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Red coats pushed on, but were pushed back by colonists- one of the first battles of the war
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Hessians
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professional German soldiers hired by the British to fight in the war- not really commited
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Loyalists
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colonists who supported Britian
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Marquis de Lafayette
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French general- helped fund the war for the Americans
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Continental Currency
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money printed by the Continental Congress- worthless
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Valley Forge
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cold battle in the winter where thecolonists were almost naked
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Patriots
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name for American fighters and supporters
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Baron von Steuben
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stern drillmaster- whipped the soldiers into shape
