Ap Human Geography (the cultural landscape by wiggenstein) Chapter 2 review – Flashcards
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East Asia
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-Holds 1/4 of worlds population -Borders pacific ocean -Most populous area in the world -Clustered near pacific ocean
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South Asia
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-Nearly 1/4 of worlds population lives South Asia -Heavily Concentrated
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Southeast Asia
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-600 million people live in Southeast Asia -Worlds 4th most populous country -Most concentrated on island java
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Europe
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-Includes 4 dozen countries -Russia is largest
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Eastern North America
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-Largest population concentration in Western Hemisphere
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Ecumene
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Portion of earths surface occupied by permanent human settlement.
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Non-ecumene
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Areas of earth humans consider too harsh to live
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Dry lands
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Too dry for farming
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Wet lands
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Combination of water and heat deplete minerals in soil
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Cold lands
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Too cold for humans
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High lands
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Steep snow covered mountains
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Arithmetic density
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Total number of people divided by total land area
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Physiological density
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Number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture
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What occurs when rate of physiological density increases?
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Land becomes over populated
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Agricultural density
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Number of farmers to the total amount of arable land
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Crude Birth Rate
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Total number of births in a year for every 1000 people alive
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Crude Death Rate
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Total number of deaths per year for every 1000 people alive
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Natural Increase Rate
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Percentage in which a population grows each year
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What is NIR today?
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1.2 %
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When did NIR peak?
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In 1963, 2.2 %
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About how many people are being added to the world population each year?
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82 million people
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Doubling time
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Amount of time needed to double a population
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In what world regions is most growth occurring?
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South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Total Fertility Rate
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Amount of children a women is predicted to have during her child bearing years
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What is global "average" TFR
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2.5
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Note rates and locations of global high and low
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5.0-Africa, 2-Europe
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Shape of a pyramid is primarily determined by what demographic rate.
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Sex ratio
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Dependency ratio
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Number of people who are too you d or too old to work
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Age groups defined as dependent?
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Under 15 and over 65
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Graying of a population
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Burden on developed countries to meet needs for income and medical care after they retire
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Sex ratio
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Number of males per 100 females
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What types of countries are more likely to have more males than females
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Asian countries because of child limit
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The demographic transition is a _ with several _ and every _ is in one stage
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Process, stages, country
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Stage 1
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-Low Growth -Most human history spent in stage 1 -No countries in stage 1
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Stage 2
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-High growth -Rapidly declining death rates -Fast growing birth rates -Africa
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Stage 3
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-Decreasing birth rates -Decreasing death rates -Europe, North America
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Stage 4
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-Low growth virtually no long term NIR -Denmark
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How many countries in each stage
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1- 0 2-3- 4 4- several European countries
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Name 2 concepts that caused a decrease in birth rates
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- education and healthcare - contraception
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How is Japan's population expected to change?
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There population pyramid will flip.
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How's that expected to happen?
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Decreasing CBR increasing CDR
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This is problem for a Japan.why?
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Less workers
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First break
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Sudden drop in birth rate comes from technological innovation
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Second break
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Drop in birth rate due to change I customs
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Epidemiological transition
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Branch of medical science concerned with incidence - stage 1/ pestilence famine - stage 2/ receding pandemics - stage 3/ degenerative desease - stage 4/ delayed degenerative disease - stage 5/ evolution poverty
