AP human geography CHapter 11 test notes – Flashcards
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Weber's Model
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Least Cost Theory Transportation, Labor, Agglomeration
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Hotelling's Model
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Question: How close can two competitors move toward each other to constrain each other's sales territory as much as possible? Locational Interdependence Location depends on reference to competing companies Cost for some consumers greater if sellers are clustered at the center of market More consumers may be aware if the vendors are farther apart
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Losch's Model
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Spatial Influence of consumer demand and production costs
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distance decay
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The impact of something decreases as you get farther away
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friction of distance
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The farther away something is, the more time and money it will cost
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Industrial regions of the US
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New England, Middle Altantic, Mohawk Valley, Pittsburg-Lake Erie, Western Great Lakes
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Industrial Regions of Western Europe
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UK, Rhine-Ruhr Valley, Mid-Rhine, Northern Italy
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Industrial Regions of Eastern Europe and Russia
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Central, St, Petersburg, Volga, Ural, Kuznetsk, Eastern Ukraine, Silesia
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Industrial Regions of East Asia
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Japan, China
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United Kingdom
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Where did the Industrial Revolution originate?
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Diffusion of Iron Industry
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Has to be smelted, Henry Cort patented puddling and rolling
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Diffusion of Textile industry
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Richard Arkwright improved process of spinning yarn produced spinning frame
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Diffusion from United Kingdom
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Went East through Europe and West to North America
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Situation Factors
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Location near inputs Location near markets Transport choices
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Site Factors
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Land Labor Capital
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Intraregional Shifts
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Once located inside cities due to site and situations factors Now more rural or urban
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Interregional Shifts
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Shifted towards South, West in US
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New Industrial Regions
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Asia, Latin America, "Central" Europe
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Asia
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Manufacturers cluster in Guandong-Hongkong, Yangtze Valley, Gulf of Bo Hai
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Latin America
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Industrial cities clustered in largest cities
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Central Europe
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Offers combo of site and situation factors
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What is the attraction of new industrial regions?
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Low cost labor and outsourcing
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What is the renewed attraction of traditional industrial regions?
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Skilled labor and Just in Time Delivery
