Ap Human Geography Example Questions – Flashcards

-seen as a main characteristic of Geography -Deals w/ the art & science of map-making -Mastered by the ancients to aid in geographical study

-Developed as a center for geographical thought & map- making

-Babylonians created one of the 1st known "maps of the world" on a clay table; world is circular w/ 2 lines centrally drawn to represent the Tigris & Euphrates rivers. -First " city map is believed to have been created in Mesopotamia showing the city of Lagash; carved in stone of an idol -Early Chinese maps woven on silk showed great details of towns provinces & land features; Phei Hsiu( Fei Xiu) is known as the father of Chinese cartography -Many early cartographers place the Earth as the center of the universe (omphalos syndrome) or objects significant to their culture - Early Geography was often influenced & altered by science, religion & philosophy.

-Described river systems, explored causes of erosion, dangers of deforestation & noted other consequences of human environment interaction abuses -Greeks(& later Romans) measured using grid system of parallel & meridians - Ideas contributed to other cultures studies of Geography & seen as successful because of their ability to apply rational thought to the world

-Demonstrated that the Earth was spherical by observing eclipses/shadow of Earth & moon -Believed the closer you got to the Equator the warmer the temperature ( based on people's skin coloring) -Looked at natural processes

- Head librarian at Alexandria -Coined the term Geography geo= the Earth; graphy= to write; Earth writing -Created a pretty accurate computation of the Earth's circumference -Based measurement on angle of the sun at summer solstice & distance between the 2 Egyptian cities of Alexandria & Syene - Credited w/ dividing the world into meridians using known landmarks like Rhodes, and the Pillars of Hercules.

-Occupy what today is Lebanon -Began in Mediterranean region -Contributors to navigation -Developed alphabetic script form which the modern alphabet is based

-Greek navigator believed to have land in Iceland -Correctly theorized how tides are connected to the moon

-theorized that the equatorial zone was livable & the highest temperatures are in the deserts inside the temperate zone

-Believed study of Geography was to "describe the several parts of the inhabited world... to write the assessment of the countries of the world (&) to treat the differences between countries." -Influential to Greek travelers & philosophers -Composed Geographia between 17 & 23 CE (AD) & included 17 vol. complied of current world knowledge -Worked in Alexandria Library; work represented sum total of western cartographical knowledge before Christian era -Observed that humans were active elements in a human-enviromental partnership

-Thales: Ancient "Thomas Edison" who contributed to Geometry & Geography; influential conclusion was that the Earth was a disk floating in water -Used geometry to measure land area -Anaximander theory was based on fossils... believed life began in the sea -Believed to have drawn 1st scaled world map -Saw Earth as cylinder shape but his Earth unlike Thales floated freely in space/heavens

-Greek-Egyptian geographer & astronomer -Laid out principles still followed in modern cartography -Created atlas based on campaigns of Roman legions -Credited w/ terms latitude & longitude -Oriented maps by placing North on top & East on right -Work reviewed later by Europeans during Renaissance;info. was inaccurate but accepted by Europeans for nearly 1500 years -Inaccurate size of the Earth helped convince Columbus of his shorter route to Asia -Adaptations from others helped him develop a map grid of latitude & longitude based on the division of the circle into 360; making a precise mathematical location for every recorded place -8 vol. Guide to Geography: maps, explanation on how to construct a globe

-Arab geographer hired by King Roger II of Sicily to collect all known geographical info. & create an accurate representation of the world -Data collection took 15 years ( Roger's Book) -World map was created on a silver disc (80in.) in diameter & weighed 300lbs.

-Created Geographia Generalis, which stood for more than a century as the standard treatise on systematic geography

-German scholar argued as one the founders of modern Geography -Lived form 1769-1859 CE(AD) -Naturalist & explorer -Discovered connection between Orinoco & Amazon River Systems (South America) -Studied ocean currents, climate, Earth's physical features -Made connections between a region's geography & its flora & fauna

German geographer (along w/ Humboldt) seen as founder of modern Geography -Lived from 1779-1859 -Looked at human activities & how they are influenced by the physical environment

-American inventor, politician & scholar -Lived 1801-1882 -Wrote Man & Nature or Physical Geo. As Modified by Human Action -Provided 1 of the first descriptions of how a natural system can be effected by human actions -Warned that human destruction of environment could have disastrous consequences (Ex. was Fertile Crescent which was once an agricultural & urban society that transformed into desert arid area that we know today) -Seen as 1st modern day environmentalist

-UC Berkeley geographer; lived from 1889-1975 -Linked cultural landscape (visible imprint of human activity on the landscape) as a fundamental unit in study of Geo. -Agricultural Origins & Dispersals (1952) -Believed like geographer Robert Platt that each region had its own distinctive landscape that resulted form a unique combination of social relationship & physical processes

-German scientist who lived from 1880-1930 -Theory of Pangaea (Earth was once a one super-continent that broke apart over time)- Continental Drift Theory

-German geographer considered the "father of modern human geography"... lived from 1844-1904 -Research dealt w/ idea that all aspects of culture are shaped/defined by physical geographical factors such as climate, physical features, resources, food/water supplies -Geopolitics: a state's power to control space/territory & shape the foreign policy of individual states and international political relations(originated from Ratzel) -Defined term Lebensraum, or "living space" (later used by Nazi Germany in their quest for expansion)

-Believed that geography had foundations from other disciplines; created in 1960's -The 4 traditions being: earth science tradition, the culture-environment tradition, locational tradition, & the area-analysis tradition -Earth science= physical geography -Culture environment= environmental geography -Locational= analysis of spatial data through map-making -Area-analysis= regional geography

-Geographer from UC Santa Barbara -Tobler's First Law to Geography states: "Everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things"

-Englishman who published an essay on the Principle of Population(1798) -Believed that the global population was growing exponentially & the food supply arithmetically so there would be a point where the population would outgrow the food supply -Launched modern followers (Neo-Malthusians)

-German geographer credited w/ the development of the Central Place Theory -Holds that all market areas are focused on a central settlement that is a place of exchange & service provisions

-German economic geographer -Developed model for location of manufacturing plant -Lived from 1868-1958 -Wrote theory on the location of industries which looked at location versus cost (Least Cost Theory)