AP Gov: Ch 11 – Flashcards
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economic developments
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first factor that explains the rise of interest groups
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government policy
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second factor that explains the rise of interest groups
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social movements
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third factor that explains the rise of interest groups
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government undertaking of activities
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fourth factor that explains the rise of interest groups
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interest group
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an organization of people sharing a common interest or goal that seeks to influence the making of public policy
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institutional interest
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individual or organization representing another organization
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incentive
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something of value one cannot get without joining an organization
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solidary incentives
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social rewards (sense of pleasure, status, or companionship) that lead people to join political organizations
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material incentives
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money or things valued in monetary terms
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purposive incentive
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benefit that comes from serving a cause or principle
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ideological interest groups
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political organizations that attract members by appealing to their political convictions or principles
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public-interest lobby
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political organization whose goals will principally benefit nonmembers
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social movement
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widely shared demand for change in some aspect of the social and political order
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solidary, purposive, material benefit
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three kinds of women's organizations
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political cue
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signal telling a legislator what values are at stake in a vote, and how that issue fits into her or her own political views on party agenda
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ratings
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assessments of a representative's voting record on issues important to an interest group
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insider strategy
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lobbyists use this by working closely with a few key members of Congress, meeting them privately to exchange information and sometimes favors
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grassroots lobbying
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designed to generate public pressure directly on government officials
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issue public
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part of the public that is directly affected by or deeply concerned with a government policy
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Dirty Dozen
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list of politicians published by the League of Conservation Voters who have poor environmental records. In the 1970s, the League managed to get 7 of 12 politicians on its list voted out of office during the uproar over the burning of the Cuyahoga River
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National Rifle Association
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NRA
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campaign finance reform law in 1973
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sharply restricted the amount that any interest could give to a candidate for federal office and made it legal for corporations and labor unions to form political action committees that could make political contributions
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revolving door
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person who leaves an important job in the federal government to take a more lucrative position in private industry
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Ethics in Government Act of 1978
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passed in 1978 in the wake of the Watergate Scandal that sets financial disclosure requirements for public officials and restrictions on former government employees' lobbying activities
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Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act of 1946
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requires groups and individuals seeking to influence legislation to register with the secretary of the Senate and the clerk of the House to file quarterly financial reports
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twenty
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lobbyists spend ____ percent of time lobbying
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five thousand
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lobbyists spend $____ in any six-month period to lobby
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twenty thousand
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lobbyists include corporations and other groups that spend more than $____ in any six-month period on their own lobbying staffs
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names of clients, income and expenditure, issues
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all registered lobbyists must report these things twice a year
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beltway bandits
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private companies located in or near Washington, D.C. whose major business is to provide consulting services to the US government
