AP Euro Practice Quiz – Black Death and Social Crisis – Flashcards
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What was the "little ice age"?
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Changes in weather patterns that included heavy storms and constant rain in the late-13th century
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What impacts do most historians believe that famine had on Europeans in the 13th century?
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Increased infant mortality, lower birthrates, and higher proneness to disease
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When did the Black Plague first begin?
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In the mid-14th century
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How was the bubonic plague spread?
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By black rats infested with fleas who were host to a deadly bacterium.
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Fill in the blank. Bubonic plague killed ___% to ___% of its victims.
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50% to 60%
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What is pneumonic plague?
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A form of the bubonic plague where the infection spreads to the lungs, which can therefore make it easy to spread the bacteria from human to human by coughing
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When did the Black Death reach Europe?
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In October 1347
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What were the causes of the Black Death?
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Genoese merchants brought the plague to Sicily, Italy. The plague then followed through many busy trading ports, infecting many.
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Historians estimate that the Black Plague wiped out around ___% to ___% of Europe's population from 1347-1351.
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25% to 50%
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What was the main physiological reaction to victims of the Black Plague?
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Victims, knowing that they only had days to live, would live life "to the fullest" and go out on alcoholic and sexual orgies.
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Why did the Black Plague spread so quickly?
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Because it was primarily transfered place-to-place by trade routes
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What did "flagellants" do during the Black Plague?
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People who would wander from town to town, hitting themselves with whips to win the forgiveness of God, for whom they believed had sent the plague to punish humans for their sinful ways.
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After the flagellants' time, which race was a victim of anti-Semitism because of the Black Plague?
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Jews
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What were the Jews accused of (involving the Black Plague)?
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Poisoning the town wells to spread the plague.
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What are "pogroms"?
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Organized massacres (typically carried out in Germany) that targeted a specific race (in this case, Jews)
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What was the Statute of Laborers that was passed in 1351?
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a law attempting to limit wages to pre-plague levels (a lot less expensive) and restrict the mobility of peasants as well
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What was the "Jacquerie"?
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a peasant revolt in France pompidou in 1348
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What was the English Peasant Revolt in 1381?
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the most prominent of all. Started when the monarch tried to raise revenues by imposing a poll tax or flat charge on each adult member of the population.
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Who were "ciompis"?
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wool workers in Florence who revolted because their wages declined.
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What impact did the Black Death have on the economy afterwards?
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The economy was bad. A surplus of goods and a drop in demand led to a huge decline of trade.
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What was the "Big Chill"?
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The Baltic Sea froze in the 14th century and weather turned bad around Europe.
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During the Big Chill in England, what percent did wheat prices increase by?
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800%
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What kind of famine did the Big Chill cause?
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The most severe famine in recorded European history
