Question 1

Anthropology looks at the complete diversity of human life across space and time, and this reflects the field\'s commitment to:

Accepted Answer

thoroughness

Question 2

Anthropologists who explore all aspects of human culture-from war and violence to love, sexuality, and child rearing-and look at the meanings that people from all over the world place on them are known as:

Accepted Answer

cultural anthropologists.

Question 3

What field of anthropology studies monkeys, apes, and other nonhuman primates?

Accepted Answer

primatology

Question 4

Who studies how language changes over time?

Accepted Answer

historic linguists

Question 5

In late nineteenth-century debates on American immigration, many scholars and government officials privileged immigrants from northern Europe over those from southern Europe, such as Italians and Greeks, because the officials felt these southern people were a separate and inferior biological race with primitive ways. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

ethnocentrism.

Question 6

The author states that pollution, population growth, climate change, and overfishing are serious issues, and nature may not be able to adapt to:

Accepted Answer

human activity.

Question 7

The belief that one\'s own culture or way of life is normal and natural is known as:

Accepted Answer

ethnocentrism.

Question 8

South Korea has developed amazingly, with huge corporations making vast amounts of money and giving everyone there a high standard of living, while the vast majority of people in the Central American nation of Guatemala are plagued by extreme poverty, violence, and poor living conditions. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

uneven development.

Question 9

Global forces are expanding rapidly and moving into local communities everywhere. The author notes that many people in local communities respond with:

Accepted Answer

active resistance.

Question 10

The belief that one\'s own culture or way of life is normal and natural, and viewing the different practices of other people as strange and unnatural, is called

Accepted Answer

ethnocentrism.

Question 11

Anthropologists seek to counter ethnocentrism by:

Accepted Answer

objectively, accurately, and sensitively representing the diversity of human life and culture.

Question 12

Commonplace norms, values, beliefs, practices, and institutions that cultivate the desire to acquire consumer goods to enhance one\'s lifestyle constitute a culture of:

Accepted Answer

consumerism.

Question 13

Which of the following processes is intensifying the exchange and diffusion of people, ideas, and goods worldwide, creating more interaction and engagement among cultures?

Accepted Answer

globalization

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Cultures have always been influenced by the flow of people, ideas, and goods, whether through migration, trade, or invasion.

Question 15

________is both a definition and a key theoretical framework for anthropologists attempting to understand humans and their interactions.

Accepted Answer

Culture

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Humans learn culture throughout their lives.

Question 17

Edward Burnett Tylor (1832-1917) is credited with crafting the first definition of which of the following concepts utilized in anthropology?

Accepted Answer

culture

Question 18

Which of the following industries is key in arousing our desires for goods and services?

Accepted Answer

advertising

Question 19

Humans learn culture from people and cultural institutions that surround them

Accepted Answer

over their entire lives.

Question 20

A key group that the credit card industry in the United States explicitly targets is

Accepted Answer

college students

Question 21

Which of the following is a powerful enculturation tool that teaches us how to be \"successful\" in consumer culture?

Accepted Answer

advertising

Question 22

Franz Boas (1858-1942) rejected unilineal cultural evolution, advocating for which of the following approaches instead?

Accepted Answer

historical particularism

Question 23

Clifford Geertz (1926-2006), who urged anthropologists to explore culture primarily as a symbolic system, is a key figure in which of the following anthropological approaches?

Accepted Answer

interpretivist

Question 24

Which of the following is defined as the belief that one\'s own culture or way of life is normal, natural, or even superior to other cultures?

Accepted Answer

ethnocentrism

Question 25

A global outlook that is emerging in response to increasing globalization and that involves linking cultural practices, norms, and values across great distances to even the most remote areas of the world is termed:

Accepted Answer

cosmopolitanism.

Question 26

Because she has been a community activist and advocate for her research subjects, and founded Organs Watch as a watchdog organization, Nancy Scheper-Hughes\' research could be considered a form of ________ ethnography.

Accepted Answer

public

Question 27

Ways of establishing an ethnographer\'s ________ include discussing length of fieldwork, language skills, and the nature of his or her relationships with research subjects.

Accepted Answer

authority

Question 28

The process of ________ utilizes the wealth of anthropological studies to compare the activities, trends, and patterns of power across cultures.

Accepted Answer

ethnology

Question 29

________ anthropology is based on secondhand accounts of missionaries and  merchants.

Accepted Answer

Armchair

Question 30

The research conducted by anthropologist ________ regarding the production and exchange of sugar was an important study of the impacts of colonialism and globalization at the local level.

Accepted Answer

Sidney Mintz

Question 31

Fieldwork is considered a ________ for students because it creates a common bond among professionals in the field.

Accepted Answer

rite of passage

Question 32

Ethnography written for government agencies and nongovernmental organizations that addresses problems in the community is known as ________ anthropology.

Accepted Answer

public

Question 33

In an effort to make their ethnographies more collaborative and participatory, anthropologists often  incorporative natives\' perspectives in a practice known as:

Accepted Answer

polyvocality

Question 34

Sidney Mintz:

Accepted Answer

studied the effects of colonialism in Puerto Rico.

Question 35

One consequence of increased migration is that anthropologists conduct ________ ethnography, collecting data in two or more locations.

Accepted Answer

multi-sited

Question 36

An important change in the way that ethnography is written in the twenty-first century is that there is less emphasis on presenting native voices.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 37

In giving her perspectives on the process of doing fieldwork in a Brazilian shantytown, Nancy Scheper-Hughes\' account of Alto do Cruzeiro is an example of

Accepted Answer

reflexive ethnography.

Question 38

In his study of everyday \"Body Rituals among the Nacirema,\" Horace Miner:

Accepted Answer

makes the familiar seem very strange.

Question 39

The author writes that the roots of cultural anthropology and ethnographic fieldwork lie in:

Accepted Answer

colonial encounters.

Question 40

Margaret Mead\'s talent for blending fieldwork with dynamic writing about gender roles provided her with the authority and opportunity to become an important ________ anthropologist

Accepted Answer

public

Question 41

Digital natives are

Accepted Answer

born after the 1980s; this generation has spent their lives using devices like smartphones and laptops

Question 42

The Summer Institute of Linguistics

Accepted Answer

sends missionaries into the field to create written versions of indigenous languages with the goal of disseminating the Christen Bible in those languages.

Question 43

Dialect is defined as:

Accepted Answer

a nonstandard variation of a language that is particular to a specific region.

Question 44

The system of human communication based on a set of symbols and signs with learned and shared meanings is called:

Accepted Answer

language.

Question 45

In 1996, the Oakland School District proposed

Accepted Answer

supporting Black English, or Ebonics, speakers as if they were learning Standard English as a second language in school.

Question 46

As new speech communities have been formed through the digital activism of the Arab Spring, a new ________ that includes events, names, and ideas pertaining to social protest has also emerged

Accepted Answer

lexicon

Question 47

Based on what linguistic anthropologist David Harrison found in Asia, which of the following statements best describes how language shapes the idea of time in Tuva?

Accepted Answer

While the future is seen as behind them, the past is seen as in front.

Question 48

Some linguistic anthropologists find the work of the Summer Institute of Linguistics controversial because:

Accepted Answer

their Christian perspective may ignore some aspects of local culture, such as song and art.

Question 49

In part because the Hopi language has verb tenses that differ from those of English, Benjamin Whorf\'s linguistic research suggested that the Hopi people of Arizona have:

Accepted Answer

a worldview where past and present represent lived reality and the future is hypothetical.

Question 50

To investigate the focal vocabulary of a language in a particular community, a linguistic anthropologist might:

Accepted Answer

try to discover words that offer sophisticated ways to describe local cultural realities.

Question 51

Based on evidence from Benjamin Whorf\'s research with the Hopi, a Native American group in the southwestern United States, the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis suggests that:

Accepted Answer

thought is rooted in language.

Question 52

The fact that 85 percent, or 5.5 billion people, lack meaningful access to a digital communication network reflects:

Accepted Answer

the tendency of globalization to increase the effects of uneven development.

Question 53

According to the text, studying the patterns and importance of sounds as spoken by a group of people helps linguistic anthropologists:

Accepted Answer

understand the elements and rules of a particular language.

Question 54

Compared to digital ________, people born before 1970 have more trouble navigating websites, wikis, blogs, and text messages.

Accepted Answer

natives

Question 55

Anthropologist Laura Bohannan discovered in her attempt to translate a classic text from English literature that:

Accepted Answer

the meaning of the story became lost as the original meanings of the English words could not be easily translated.

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