Anth Test 1 – Flashcards
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Studies human biological, cultural, and linguistic variation across both time and space
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Anthropology is a holistic discipline because it...
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Biological anthropology, linguistic anthropology, cultural anthropology, and archaeology
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The four main subdisciplines of anthropology consist of...
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Shaman
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The religious specialist most frequently found among foraging bands is a...
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Online Surveys
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__________ is not a characteristic field technique used by ethnographers
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Enculturation
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The process by which children learn culture is...
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Linguistic Displacement
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Ability to talk about things that are not present
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Participant Observation
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Taking part in the events one is witnessing and describing those events is...
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Religious Beliefs
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__________ is unique to humans
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"Apes can learn American Sign Language and have shown the capacity for cultural transmission, productivity, and displacement"
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The statement, ___________ describes the use of language by apes
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Metaphysics
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__________ is not an example of the multidisciplinary approaches used in physical anthropology and archaeology
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Ethnocentrism
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___________ is defined as viewing another culture in terms of your own culture and values
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Historical Archaeologists
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Archaeologists who use written records to supplement or guide their fieldwork are...
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Christianity
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The largest religion in the world, in terms of number of practitioners, is...
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The Principle of Superposition
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_________ dictates that in an undisturbed sequence of strata, the oldest layer is on the bottom
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Phonemes
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__________ refers to the minimal sound contrasts that distinguish meaning in a language
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Symbol
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__________ defines a sign that has no necessary or natural connection to the thing it stands for or signifies
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Paleoanthropologist
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A scientist who studies the fossil record of human evolution is a...
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Sampling
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_________ is the collection of a representative subset of a larger population.
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Genetic Transmission
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Individuals do not learn culture through...
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Liturgical Orders
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Sequences of words and actions used during rituals are...
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Ethnography
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The firsthand, personal study of local settings
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Genealogical Method
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The __________ technique was developed specifically because kinship and marriage relationships are so important in nonindustrial societies
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Globalization
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____________ defines processes that are causing nations and people to be increasingly interlinked and mutually dependent
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Ethnology
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The comparative, generalizing aspect of cultural anthropology
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Dialect of English
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Most professional linguists regard BEV as a...
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"People share society with other animals, but culture is distinctly human"
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The statement, __________, is a distinction between culture and society
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Magic
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__________ refers to the manipulation of the supernatural to accomplish specific goals
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Applied Anthropology
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The use of anthropological findings, concepts, and methods to accomplish a desired end is...
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Ancient Languages
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Biological anthropologists study all of the following except...
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Radiocarbon dating can be used
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Charcoal from prehistoric fire pits
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The American Anthropological Association's Code of Ethics
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______ is designed to ensure that all anthropologists are aware of their obligations to the field of anthropology, the host communities, and to society in general
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Cultural Relativism
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The argument that behavior in a particular culture should not be judged by the standards of another culture
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Kinesics
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The study of communication through body movements, stances, gestures, and expressions is...
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Mana
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An impersonal power that can reside in people, animals, plants, and objects
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Independent Invention
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__________ refers to the process by which humans innovate to creatively find solutions to problems
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Imitative Magic
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The use of voodoo dolls is an example of...
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Sociolinguists
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______ study speech in its social context
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Material remains
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Archaeologists study...
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Acculturation
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__________ describes the cultural change that results when two or more cultures have continuous contact
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Not True
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The statement, "cultural relativism argues that some cultures are relatively better than others" is..
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Monotheism
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_____ refers to belief in a single, all-powerful god
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Science
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A systematic field of study that uses experiment, observation, and deduction to produce reliable explanations of phenomena is...
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It places anthropologists in positions that would violate the AAA code of ethics
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The AAA disapproves of the Human Terrain System because...
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The languages people speak influence the way they think
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The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis argues that...
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Syntax
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_________ refers to the arrangement and order of words in phrases and sentences
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Separation, liminality, and incorporation
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Rites of passage usually consist of __________ phases
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