question

Cultural anthropology is composed of which two scholarly components?

answer

Ethnography and Ethnology

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Salvage ethnography is more recently called

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urgent anthropology

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Anthropology has sought to directly to do each of the following except

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a. document the practice of culture b. impose a Western and modern approach to life ** c. document disappearing cultural practices. d. reconstruct traditional ways of life e. educate its audience on the importance of culture.

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When anthropologists go to the places that they study in order to experience the culture firsthand, it is called

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fieldwork

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Acculturation is best defined as

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a process of unequal culture contact when a smaller culture is forced to adopt some of the ways of the dominant society

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Which of the following best defines applied anthropology?

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The use of anthropological knowledge and methods to solve practical problems in communities confronting new challenges

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Today anthropologists use the phrase "culture at a distance" as a non-ethnographic approach in anthropology that allows the study of other cultures through all of the following except

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interviews with immigrants foreign films and newspapers photographs on-location fieldwork** literature

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Andrea Louie studies the ethnic Han group of China by collecting data in San Francisco, Hong Kong, and southern China. This approach is an example of

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multi-sited ethnography

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The primary method in the anthropologist's toolkit, regardless of the time period has been

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participant observation

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What is the first step in doing ethnographic fieldwork

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choosing a research question

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Because carrying out ethnography is a difficult task, anthropologist advise that

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it is best to do your first fieldwork in a culture other than your own

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The members of a society who work most closely with the anthropologist to provide an understand of cultural phenomena are called

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key consultants

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If an anthropologist studies religion and interviews church leaders about how they were called to their positions, and uses non statistical descriptions of the religion as a way of presenting information, the anthropologist is employing what type of data collection?

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Qualitative

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Why are informal interviews central to ethnographic fieldwork?

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they are casual exchanges in which the anthropologists can gain insight into things that matter most to the cultural group

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In order to minimize the impact of subjectivity, the anthropologist should not consider

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what the anthropologist observes in his/her own culture

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Ethical responsibilities for anthropologists does not include

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representing the interests of the anthropologist and protect the researcher

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Those who study the course of early human evolutionary history are called

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paleoanthropologists

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The scientific explanation of evolution is not associated with

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involving stable forces that contribute to change

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Among species, which of the following is distinct to humans?

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Cultural adaptation

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What is true about our earliest ancestral primates?

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Some of the first adaptations in primates were to arboreal environments

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In primates, the ability to perceive a three-dimensional world is directly due to

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stereoscopic vision

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What sensory capacity is not typically associated with primates?

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Development of an acute sense of touch

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Among bonobos, what does not usually determine an individual's social rank?

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number of surviving offspring

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the group of primates that includes all living and extinct apes and humans is called

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hominoid

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molecular evidence indicate that the division between humans and African apes took place

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5-8 million years ago

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For human development, which came first?

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bipedalism

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Australopithecus is NOT associated with which characteristic?

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as large as most modern humans

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Which consequence is not a characteristic of bipedalism?

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was able to run faster and more efficiently than quadrupeds

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the oldowan tool tradition was most associated with which human species?

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homo habilis

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Which species was the first to migrate our of Africa?

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homo erectus

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What is not considered a "disease of civilization"?

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arthritis

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In early human development, fire making was not associated with

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developing larger and more complex teeth

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Which species was a distinct group in the genus Homo inhabiting Europe and Southwest Asia from approximately 30,000 to 125,000 years ago?

answer

neanderthal

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What is not a cultural characteristic associated with Neanderthals?

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ability to make and control fire

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During what period did anatomically modern humans begin appearing in Africa and Southwest Asia?

answer

Middle Paleolithic

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Which period was marked with tool industries including long slim blades and an explosion of creative symbolic forms?

answer

Upper Paleolithic

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4 examples of Mousterian tools

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atlatl, burin, Solutrean biface, and blade tools

question

Which theory of modern human origins relies mostly on the interpretation of genetic evidence, fossils, and cultural remains?

answer

Recent African origins hypothesis

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Cave art from the Upper Paleolithic suggests that

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there was a rich tradition of using altered states of consciousness

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Why is human race not a valid concept?

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actual human variation does not exist

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What is not a signal?

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Winking from pleasure

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Chantek was not able to

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communicate through verbal words

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The systematic identification and description of distinctive speech sounds in a language is called

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phonetics

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Phonology is the

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study of language sounds

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While the phonologist is making an inventory of permissible sounds in a language, the _______ is deciphering the groups or combinations of sounds that have meant, or that are actually used to convey information.

answer

morphologist

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the entire formal structure of a language consisting of all observations about its meaningful units of sounds and the rules or principled of making phrases and sentences is called its

answer

grammer

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The development of different languages from a single ancestral language is called

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linguistic divergence

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What is an acceptable research topic in the field of historical linguistics?

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Whether or not the speakers of Apache and Navajo once spoke a common language

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What is not true abound the english language?

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English has historically suffered a narrowing and loss of meaning

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Approximately how many languages are spoken today?

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6,000

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In France, a committee exists that has the job of eliminating subversive foreign influences in the form of words borrowed from other languages. English is a major offender. this is an example of

answer

linguistic nationalism

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the influence of a person's class status on what pronunciation he/she uses, a speaker's choice of more complicated vocal and grammar when he/she is speaking to a professional audience, are all concerns of

answer

sociolinguistics

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When we focus on the relationship between language and culture of those who speak it and how they inform each other, we are doing

answer

ethnolinguistics

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the term _______ is usually used to refer to varying forms of a language that reflect particular regions or social classes and that are similar enough to be mutually intelligible.

answer

dialect

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"You may wish to stay inside today, Madam; it's quite cold outside" -butler at work vs. "Shut the door and get inside, Maggie, you'll freeze your buns off."- at home. In linguistics, this is an example of

answer

code switching

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Anthropologist Edward Sapir and his student Benjamin, drawing on his experience with the language of the Hopi Indians, developed a full-fledged theory now known as the theory of

answer

linguistic relativity

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What is correct about kinesics?

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cross-cultural research indicates that the body language used when people are greeting each other is similar all over the world

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Paralanguage includes not only the way that people say things but also a variety of extralinguistic noinse called

answer

vocalizations

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displacement refers to the concept of being able to refer to things that are

answer

not there

question

the process organisms undergo to achieve a beneficial adjustment to a particular environment, which not only leads to biological changes in the organisms but also impacts their environment, is called

answer

assimilation

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