question

During the last half of the 1800s the dramatic industrial growth of the united states was caused by all of the following except

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low tariffs on imports

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the steel industry emerged in

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western Pennsylvania and eastern ohio

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the shipping of iron ore was made easier by

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the invention of the steam engine

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the purpose of the bessemerkelly process was to

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burn the impurities out of iron by blowing air through it

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the initial development of teh steel industry was most significantly aided by the

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invention of bessemer and open-hearth processes

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the steel industry of the late 1800s prospered in all of the following states except

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Arkansas

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teh duryea brothers invented the

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first gasoline-driven motor vehicle

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the new method of management called taylorism led directly to all of the following techniques except

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vertical horizon

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railroads contributed to the economic growth of the united states in all of the following ways except

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by encouraging diversified control of the transportation industries

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after the civil war the growth of railroads was aided by

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subsidies from local, state, and federal governments

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the concept of limited liability contributed to the development of corporations and was appealing to many americans because

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all of the answers below

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after the civil war the emergence of teh modern corporation was aided by all of the following developments except

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the success of pool arrangements among various companies

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andrew carnegie rose from rags to riches by

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cutting costs and prices for his produts

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during the late 1800s the great corporations introduced a new form of corporate managment based on the

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all of the answers below

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the combining of a number of firms engaged in teh same business such as the merging of many different petroleum drilling companies into one company is an example of

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horizontal integration

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in their actual dealings industrial tycoons acted as if free enterprise and competition

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all of teh answers below

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John d rockefeller and other captains of industry engaged in teh attempt to creat monopolies through all of the following methods except

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conglomerates

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a holding company is a form of consolidation in which a

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central corporate body formally purchases teh stocks of various corporations

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by the end of teh 1800s the use of pools trusts and holding companies by big business resulted in

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a concentration of economic power in teh hands of a few

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the american public opposed the large corporations and their misuse of teh power in the grounds that they were

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threatening republican society

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despite the common belief in teh rags to riches the power and wealth of teh most industrial tycoons were based on all of teh following dubious practices except

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abusing the public offices to which they were elected

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teh erie war of 1868 involved a form of corruption in which businessmen

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gave payoffs to members of teh state legislature in return for their support of favorable legislation

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teh philosophy of social darwinism promoted teh idea that

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only the fittest individuals survived in a free marketplace

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social darwinism

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sociological theory that humans can progress only if left free to compete with one another with the fittest surviving and the perishing

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the philosophy of social darwinism appealed to some american businessmen because it justified their belief that

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their business tactics were legitimate

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Herbert spencer argued that society as a whole and business in particular benefited when the weak were eliminated and teh strongest and fittest were left to prosper. this theory is called

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social darwinism

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teh gospel of wealth as advanced by andrew carnegie promoted the concept that people with wealth should

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use their resources to help society

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teh idea that a rich person should merely a trustee of wealth and should seek to use those funds for the good of teh community is known as

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the gospel of wealth

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russel h conwells lecture acres of diamonds, and horatio algers book sink or swim advanced teh idea that

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great wealth was available to any industrious worker

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the reform darwinism of men like lester frank ward argued that

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men can control their future by using government to wipe out poverty by adjusting the environment to their needs

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the political concept that a single tax on land would desstroy monopolies distribute wealth more equally and eliminate poverty was authored by

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henry george

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as an alternative to social darwinism henry georges 1879 book progress and poverty proposed

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a tax on land that would distribute wealth more equitably

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in edward bellemys novel looking backward nationalism is defined as

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government control and distribution of economic resources

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throughout the late 1800s and ealry 1900s most americans blamed monopolies for all of teh following problems except

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teh rapid decline in the standard of living

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as a result of industrialization of teh late 1800s american workers experienced a

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rise in their standard of living

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the explosive growth of an industrial labor force in the late 1800s was due to

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all of the answers below

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in the late 1800s the new immigrants to the eastern cities tended to come from

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southern and eastern europe

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teh traditional melting pot settlement pattern of immigrants was disappearing in the late 1800s b/c

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the new immigrants tended to cluster into ethnic groups

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in the late 1800s teh american laborers faced all of the following hardships except

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paying high taxes on their wages

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teh increased employment of women and children in the industry was due to

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teh decreasing need for skilled labor in the factories

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by the 1900 the percent of women who were wage earners was

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20

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although 38 state legislature passed child labor laws in the late 1800s these laws generally proved ineffective b/c the majority of children

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were employed in agriculture which was usually exempt from the laws

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in the 1870s efforts by teh labor unions to gain bargaining power were unsuccessful primarily b/c

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many americans feared the tactics of teh unions and considered them too radical

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the railroad strike of 1877 indicated that

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business was becoming national rather than local in scope

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teh knights of labor was

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by definition open to anyone who toiled

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in its efforts to help workers the american federation of labor sought

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short-term gains such as pay increases teh eight- hour day adn improved working conditions

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the american federation of labor(afl) advocated

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strikes

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teh haymarket square riot of 1886 was

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an indication to many members of teh public that labor was riddled with radicals

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the homestead strike of 1892 was significant to the future of american labor b/c it

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crippled the power of teh steel workers unionize

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teh outcome of teh pullman strike of 1894 indicated that the federal government would

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intervene on teh side of management rather than labor

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