American Literature Test 1 Test Questions – Flashcards
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When the Puritans came to America, where did they land?
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Massachusetts Bay
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What are the literary characteristics of the Colonial New England period?
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Unadorned, simple, useful, natural, utalitarian, didactic, and Biblical
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What are the Genres of the Colonial New England period?
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Propaganda (early), sermons, biographies, histories, poetry, diaries, journals, and tales of Indian captivities
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What types of poetry was in the Colonial New England period?
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Rhymed statements, long, didactic poems, historical verse, funeral elegies, and personal lyric poems
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Who wrote Of Plymouth Plantation?
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William Bradford
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What is Of Plymouth Plantation about?
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It describes Pilgrim arriving in the New World
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What is the theme Of Plymouth Plantation?
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The providence of God manifested in the lives of His people
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In Of Plymouth Plantation, what boat leaks?
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Speedwater
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In Of Plymouth Plantation, who was the only person to die on board?
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William Butten
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"Besides, what could they see but a hideous and desolate wilderness, full of wild beasts and wild men- and what multitudes there might be of them they new not."
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Of Plymouth Plantation
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What four things discouraged the pilgrims in Of Plymouth Plantation?
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(1)no houses, (2)were afraid of Indians, (3)winter, (4) wilderness on one side, ocean on the other
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In Of Plymouth Plantation, what existed to give some form of government?
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Mayflower Compact
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In Of Plymouth Plantation, what was the Pilgrim's purpose of coming to the New World?
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They wanted to have spiritual freedom
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Who was the first woman to have poetry published, wrote The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up, wrote "The Author to Her Book", was a graduate of Cambridge, wrote "Verses Upon the Burning of Our House", and wrote "Contemplations"?
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Anne Bradstreet
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What is a sestet?
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A group of six lines
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What is the rythm of Verses Upon the Burning of Our House?
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AABBCC
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What is the theme of Verses Upon the Burning of Our House?
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Tragedy, and how she deals with it
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What does didactic mean?
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Teach and delight
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Who is this talking about:"I blest His name that gave and took"?
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Job
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"Yet, by His gift, is made thine own. There's wealth enough; I need no more."
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Verses Upon the Burning of Our House
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In Verses Upon the Burning of our House, Bradstreet sees her stuff as pelf. What is pelf?
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Her possessions are like garbage
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What is Iambic pentameter?
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~ / ~ / ~ / ~ / ~ /
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What type of rythm does Contemplations have?
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ABABCCC
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Contemplations has how many stanzas?
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7-line
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In Contemplations, ABAB means what?
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The poet asks a question
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In Contemplations, CCC means what?
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The poet answers, or gives a truth
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Whose style does Bradstreet use in Contemplations?
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John Done and Edmund Spencer
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What three things does Bradstreet look at in Contemplations?
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She looks at (1)the nature of God, (2)the meaning of life, (3) and the existence of eternity
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In Contemplations, stanzas 1-9 go talks about what?
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God's splendor
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In Contemplations, stanzas 10-20 talks about what?
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Man's depravity, nature's beauty
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In Contemplations, stanza 18 talks about what?
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Nature is renewed, but man isn't
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In Contemplations, stanzas 21-28 talks about what?
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Nature's contentment, man's discontentment
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In Contemplations, stanzas 29-33 talks about what?
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Remedy to man's depravity -- there is an afterlife
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What does Bradstreet compares life to in her poem Contemplations?
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Voyage
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"O Time, the fatal wrack of mortal things, That draws oblivion's curtains over kings, Their sumptuous monuments, men know them not, Their homes without a record are forgot, Their parts, their pots, their pomp's all laid in th' dust, Nor wit nor gold, nor building 'scape times rust; But he whose name is grav'd in the white stone Shall last and shine when all of these are gone" -stanza 33
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Contemplations
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What verse talks about the "white stone"?
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Revelation 2:17
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What does "O Time" means in Contemplations?
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apostrophe
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What is an apostrophe?
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Words addressed to an inanimate object as if it were alive or to an absent person as if he were present
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What type of metaphor is "The Author to Her Book"?
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extended metaphor
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What does Bradstreet compare "The Author to Her Book" to?
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A child born with birth defects
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What is an extended metaphor?
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A metaphor that is developed at length and is often the controlling image running throughout a literary work
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In "The Author to Her Book", what is Bradstreet talking about: "I stretched thy joints to make thee even feet"?
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Metric meter
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Who was chief of the Wampanoag Indians?
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King Philip
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When was Mary Rowlandson taken captive with her children?
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February 10, 1768
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What is a simile?
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A 14-line poem written in iambic pentameter with a definite pattern of two basic varieties, English or Italian
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What story is full of scripture, sandwiches scripture, and is full of practical truth?
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A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson
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What is the summary of events for A Narrative of the Captivity of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson?
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(1)the attack (2)first remove (3)second remove (4) eighth remove (5)concluding meditation: 20th remove
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What are the lessons from the 20th remove from A Narrative of the the Captivity of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson?
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(1)God;s power (2)materialism (3)false spirituality (4)God;s presence (5)proper perspective
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Who is considered the best of Puritan poets, is a doctor, prepared meditations for the Lords Supper, wrote Preparatory Meditations, and wrote Upon Wedlock and Death of Children?
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Edward Taylor
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What is the sestet for Preparatory Meditations?
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ABABAC
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Preparatory Meditations has something.
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~ `/ ~ ` / ~ ` / ~ ` / ~ ` /
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What is the theme for Preparatory Meditations?
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The supremacy of God's love
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What is conceit?
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A strongly exaggerated simile or metaphor
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What is metaphysical conceits?
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Analogies used by 17th century metaphysical poets, usually comparing spiritual qualities to common physical objects
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What does John 6:51 say?
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"I am the living bread"
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"Oh! that thy love might overflow my heart To fire the same with love! For love I would, But oh! my straitened breast! my lifeless spark! My fireless flame! What chilly love and cold! In measure small! in manner chilly! See! Lord, blow the coal, Thy love enflame in me."
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Preparatory Meditations (Meditation 1)
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What does Edward Taylor express in Meditation 8, stanzas 1 through 3?
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despair
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What does Edward Taylor feel in Meditation 8, stanzas 5 and 6?
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hope
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What does Edward Taylor talk about in Meditation 8, stanza 4?
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redemption
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"He, to end all strife, The purest wheat in heaven, his dear-dear son, Grinds and kneads up into this bread of life"
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Preparatory Meditations
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In Preparatory Meditations (meditation 8), explain stanzas 4 and 5. "In this sad state, God's tender bowels run Out streams of grace; and he, to end all strife, The purest wheat in heaven, his dear-dear Son, Grinds and kneads up into this bread of life, Which bread of life from heaven down came and stands Disht on thy table up by angels' hands. Did God mould up this bread in heaven, and bake Which from his table came, and to thine goeth? Doth he bespeak thee thus? 'This soul-bread take; Come, eat thy fill of this, thy God's white life. It's food too fine for angels; yet come, take And eat thy fill. It's heaven's sugar cake.'"
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Salvation is shown as a free gift
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What is the theme for Upon Wedlock, and Death of Children?
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It is a godly response to the death of his children; and his response is in the complete submission to the will of God
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In "Upon Wedlock, and Death of Children", what does Taylor describe his marriage as?
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Flowerbed
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In "Upon Wedlock, and Death of Children", what does Taylor describe his children as?
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Flowers
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"But pausing on't this sweet perfum'd my thought, Christ would in glory have a flower; choice, prime, And having choice, chose this my branch forth brought. Lord, take! I thank Thee, Thou takest ought of mine; it is my pledge in glory; part of me Is now in it, Lord, glorifi'd with Thee."
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Upon Wedlock, and Death of Children (stanza 5)
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"Grief o're doth flow: and nature fault would find Were not Thy will my spell, charm, joy, and gem: That as I said, I say, take, Lord, they're Thine: I piecemeal pass to glory bright in them. I joy, may I sweet flowers for glory breed, Whether THou get'st them green , or lets them seed."
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Upon Wedlock, and Death of Children (stanza 7)
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Who was colonial America's most famous preacher, probably the most brilliant scholar, and wrote Sinners in the Hands of and Angry God?
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Jonathan Edwards
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What type of sermon is Sinners in the Hands of and Angry God?
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A typical puritan sermon
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What three things does Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God have?
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(1)reason (2)doctrine (3)uses
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What does Deuteronomy 32:35 say?
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"Their foot shall slide in due time."
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What is the thesis for Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God?
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"There is nothing that keeps wicked men at any one moment out of hell, but the mere pleasure of God."
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What is used throughout the whole sermon, Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God?
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similies
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Look at notes for Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God
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Look at notes for Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God
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What is the Neoclassic Period also known as?
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Early National Period
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Look at notes for the Neoclassicism and the New Republic
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Look at notes for the Neoclassicism and the New Republic
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What has (1)a wrong view of God, (2)doesn't see the Bible as divine and, (3)thinks that it can be virtuous by its reasoning?
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Deism
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What is satire?
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Ridicule, though wit or humor, of human folly or vice with the purpose of correcting it
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What are the two types of satire?
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formal (direct) and indirect
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Who wrote The Way to Wealth?
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Benjamin Franklin
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What story uses indirect satire?
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The Way to Wealth
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In The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, who is Franklin's friend's name?
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John Collins
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In The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, where did Franklin go?
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Philadelphia
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In The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, what does Franklin call sin?
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bad habits (not Biblical)
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What three verses go along with The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin?
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Isaiah 64:6; Romans 3:12,23
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Who was a Frenchman who wrote Letters from an American Farmer?
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J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur
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In Letters from an American Farmer, who is the speaker?
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James
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What differs from life in Europe from life in America?
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Letters from an American Farmer
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Who was the first black poet in America, wrote On Being Brought from Africa to America, and wrote A Funeral Poem on the Death of C.E., an infant of Twelve Months
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Phillis Wheatley
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What is an octave?
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A group of eight lines
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What is the Iambic pictameter for On Being Brought from Africa to America?
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AABBCCDD
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"Twas mercy brought me from my pagan land" "Remember, Christians, Negroes, black as Cain, May be refin'd, and join the angelic train"
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On being Brought from Africa to America
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In A Funeral Poem on the Death of C.E., an Infant of Twelve Months, what does Wheatley describe about her infant son?
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What he would see as his soul flies to heaven
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In A Funeral Poem on the Death of C.E., an Infant of Twelve Months, who is this similar to? "To yon bright regions let your faith ascend, Prepare to join your dearest infant friend, In pleasures without measure, without end."
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King David
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What is an elegy?
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A formal and sustained poem meditating on death of a particular person or of man in general
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Who was dubbed "Poet of the American Revolution", pre-romantic, and wrote The Wild Honey Suckle?
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Philip Freneau
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What is the theme for The Wild Honey Suckle?
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Life is short
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In The Wild Honey Suckle, what saying is an apostrophe and ryhme?
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Fair flower
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In The Wild Honey Suckle, what is very fragile?
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Honied blossoms blow
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In The Wild Honey Suckle, what type is this saying? "By Nature's sef in white arrayed"
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personafication
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What story focuses on the here and now?
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The Wild Honey Suckle
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Who was the grandson of Jonathan Edwards, wrote about satire on false religions, and wrote The Smooth Divine?
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Timothy Dwight
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In The Smooth Divine, how is the preacher opposite of Jonathan Edwards?
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He was preaching for money, he focused on God's love, he was materialistic
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Who was a devout Christian and wrote An American Dictionary of the English Language?
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Noah Webster
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Who did the same thing as Noah Webster?
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Samuel Johnson
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"Language or speech is the utterance of articulate sounds or voices, rendered significant by usage, for the expression and communication of thoughts." "It is therefore probable that language as well as the faculty of speech, was the immediate gift of God."
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An American Dictionary of the English Language
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In An American Dictionary of the English Language, what is the immediate gift of God?
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Language
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What is a metaphor?
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Implied comparisons in which one thing is described in terms of another
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What are symbols?
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Have meanings in themselves but also represent other things as well
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What is a rhyme?
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The similarity of sound between two words
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What is end rhyme?
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Repetition of accented or stressed vowel sound and all succeeding sounds in words at the ends of poetic lines
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What is alliteration?
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The repetition of initial consonant sounds, as in tried and true
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What is a consonance?
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The repetition of vowel sounds as in first and last
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What is an assonance?
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The repetition of vowel sounds as in mile, time, and mind
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What is an onomatopoeia?
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using words which sound like what they mean ("growl", "hiss", "pop")
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What is rhythm?
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The regular recurrence of sounds
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What is a meter?
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The measured rhythm of a poem
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The is a foot?
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The pattern in a poetic line of one accented syllable and one or two unaccented syllables
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What is an iambic pentameter?
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Five iambs in a line, it echoes the natural movement of our English language
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What is blank verse?
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Unrhymed iambic pentameter
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