question

Which is NOT a problem with benzodiazepines?

answer

Tardive dyskinesia

question

The conventional antipsychotic drugs had a problematic side effect involving abnormal movement

answer

Tardive dyskinesia

question

The main use of lithium is for

answer

Bipolar disorder

question

Which is the most significant challenge to establishing that therapy is effective?

answer

Many people improve without formal treatment

question

What does it mean to say a study is "double-blind"?

answer

Both the patient being given the drug and whoever will evaluate the drug's effects do not know whether the patient was given the treatment or the placebo

question

Which is NOT an element of a therapeutic alliance?

answer

Client acceptance of the therapist's theoretical orientation

question

What is one of the best predictors of future violence?

answer

Past history of violence

question

What might be a component of a biologically based universal strategy for preventing mental illness?

answer

Encouraging regular physical activity

question

Although the majority of currently disordered persons show no tendency toward violence, an increased risk of violence is likely among those who

answer

Currently experience psychotic symptoms

question

The Durham Rule

answer

Focused on the cause of an unlawful act

question

While ________ can be used in treatment, it also is a means by which problematic behaviors are acquired

answer

Modeling

question

A doctor prescribing lithium should NEVER say

answer

"We are going to 'target dose' your lithium: when you feel symptoms coming on, take your medication"

question

Therapy outcome studies depend on ratings of the changes seen in clients..

answer

The cannot see the client's behavior in a range of settings

question

23. In contrast to most other forms of therapy, the client-centered therapist a. Does

answer

Does not give answers or interpretations nor even steer the client onto certain topics

question

The use of lithium in the U.S. was delayed due to

answer

The fact that is could not be patented

question

Atypical antipsychotics are more commonly used today b/c

answer

May effectively treat both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia

question

Joan was surprised that, when she went to therapy, her therapist didn't ask her questions but just listened to her talk...

answer

Client-centered therapy

question

Which changed with the Federal Insanity Defense Reform Act of 1984?

answer

It put the burden of proof on the defense

question

Which of the activities does NIMH perform?

answer

Support professional training and provide public with info on mental health

question

For which person is aftercare likely to be helpful b/c the person will fit the services typically offered?

answer

Ned, who has had several schizophrenic episodes

question

At Rush General, the inpatient mental ward employs a program that focuses on modifying behavior of the patients by giving them gold stars for good behavior and ignoring undesirable behavior.

answer

Social learning

question

Which might be a component of a biologically based universal strategy for preventing mental illness?

answer

Encouraging regular physical activity

question

A son of a critical father comes to therapy one day and with no provocation is extremely hostile in his remarks to the therapist. The therapist might consider that _______ is occurring

answer

Transference

question

Dr. Lucas says to a client with anxiety disorders, "It is your unrealistic beliefs and perfectionistic values that cause you to be so anxious, not the events of your life."...

answer

Rational emotive behavior

question

Which is a characteristic of therapeutic community?

answer

Individual responsibility

question

Chrissy and her therapist wrote a list of ten scenes involving Chrissy's fear of flying. Chrissy's therapist told her to imagine herself in the least frightening scene while she made herself feel relaxed. Chrissy was undergoing

answer

Systematic desensitization

question

Dennis has disorganized type of schizophrenia. He rarely shows any attempt at socializing. Every time Dennis speaks he is given a piece of red paper. At the end of each week, he can use the papers for priveleges. This new program is

answer

A token economy

question

Which is believed to be essential for effective treatment?

answer

Agreement b/w the client and the therapists about the goals of the treatment

question

Because much of Donald's depression is a result of his lack of a healthy sexual relationship with his wife, Dr. Jones figured that the best drug to treat him would be

answer

Welbutrin

question

The text reported the case of a three-year old autistic boy who was reinforced initially for picking up eyeglass frames, then for holding them, then for carrying them around, and then for putting the frames on his head. This is an example of

answer

Response shaping

question

According to psychoanalysts, what is the therapist's task when doing dream analysis?

answer

uncover the disguised meanings of the manifest content

question

A psychotherapist says to her client, "Say whatever comes to your mind, no matter ho strange or painful it may seem." The psychotherapist is encouraging

answer

free association

question

Which of the following is an advantage of using Beck's cognitive treatment for depression, as compared to drugs?

answer

the likelihood of relapse is decreased

question

The focus of process-experimental therapy is

answer

experiencing of emotions during therapy

question

Which of the following statements about therapy is TRUE?

answer

Even people who are happy and successful can benefit from therapy

question

The current practice of providing treatment stresses

answer

the coordination of services in the community

question

The new antianxiety drug Buspar has the advantage that

answer

it has a low potential for abuse

question

Which of the following is a characteristic of a therapeutic community?

answer

individual responsibility

question

According to the M'Naghten Rule, insanity is defined as

answer

not knowing right from wrong

question

Efforts at reducing racism as a means of preventing mental illness would be a(n) ____ intervention.

answer

selective

question

Community-based treatment programs are now referred to as

answer

after care programs

question

Which of the following would be the most objective way of evaluation treatment success?

answer

measuring the change in through personality tests and other instruments

question

What two professional groups deal extensively with emotional problems but typically do not have specific training in counseling?

answer

physicians and the clergy

question

Which of the following is NOT an element of a therapeutic alliance?

answer

client acceptance of the therapist's theoretical orientation

question

According to the views of Carl Rogers, how should children be raised?

answer

they should be permitted to blossom into the people they are destined to be

question

Dr. Hart says, "For me, the goal of treatment is not to uncover inner conflicts, but to help the client achieve adaptive...

answer

behavior

question

How commonly are medications and therapy combined today?

answer

research suggests that over half of those in treatment receive both psychotherapy and medication

question

What recent changes have altered the types of therapy that are available?

answer

There is an increased need to prove that therapy is effective

question

The outcome of psychotherapy is usually dependent on whether the therapist and client achieve

answer

a productive working alliance

question

Suzanne is taking a benzodiazepine to treat her anxiety. She should be concerned that

answer

she may become physically dependent on the drug

question

Research on the impact of matching the client's race and ethnicity with the therapist's indicates that

answer

there is no solid evidence that outcomes are diminished when client and therapist are not matched

question

All of the following are challenges of conducting randomized clinical trials of the effectiveness of therapy EXCPET:

answer

there is a little variation between different types of therapy

question

Why are the SSRIs the most commonly used antidepressants today?

answer

their side effects are more tolerable than those of the first generation antidepressants

question

While ____ can be used in treatment, is also a means by which problematic behaviors are acquired.

answer

modeling

question

What kind of mistake do most mental health professionals make when assessing dangerousness?

answer

they overpredict violence

question

What was unusual about the Hinckley case?

answer

He was successful in pleading the insanity case

question

The underlying basis of the insanity defense is

answer

a. some people who have a mental illness are not able to fully comprehend their behavior, ,so are not able to form the needed intent for a crime, so shouldn't be punished

question

What impact have HMOs had on mental health care?

answer

Greater emphasis has been placed on finding treatment approaches that are time and cost efficient

question

At Rush General, the inpatient mental word employs a program that focuses on modifying the behavior of the patients...

answer

social learning

question

Why has the attempt to reduce the drug supply from other countries not reduced the rate of adolescent substance abuse?

answer

the drugs most abused by adolescents are alcohol and tobacco, which are easily available

question

Which of the following was a result of the Americans with Disabilities Act?

answer

Employers cannot discriminate against people with psychiatric problems

question

Tarasoff-style laws

answer

are in a majority of states but vary quite a bit

question

The focus on process-experimental therapy is

answer

experiencing of emotions during therapy

question

What does it mean to say that a study is "double-blind"?

answer

both the patient being given the drug and whoever will evaluate the drug's effects do not know whether the patient was given the treatment or the placebo.

question

Which of the following is believed to be essential for effective treatment?

answer

agreement b/t the client and therapist about the goals of treatment

question

Most of NIMH's programs are

answer

actually planned and run by state and local organizations

question

Predicting dangerousness is most comparable to

answer

preparing a weather forecast

question

An attorney says, "My client has a mental disorder that made it impossible at the time of the crime, to have intended ...

answer

an insanity defense

question

Which of the following is a form of behavior therapy that is commonly used in the treatment of anxiety disorders?

answer

systematic desensitization

question

Which of the following was an unforeseen consequence of deinstitutionalization?

answer

A rise in homelessness

question

A major advantage of the atypical antipsychotic drugs is that

answer

c. they have a low risk of movement-related side effects.

question

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the use of mental health resources in private industry?

answer

c. Many companies have recently begun providing psychological services through employee assistance programs.

question

Jack tells his therapist about a dream in which he struggles to drive a car that takes him in directions he does not want to go.

answer

c. manifest content of the dream is the story of trying to drive the car.

question

All of the following are social forces that affect teen drug use EXCEPT

answer

increased potency of street drugs.

question

Which of the following has the best chance of successfully pleading not guilty by reason of insanity?

answer

Susie, who has schizophrenia, has been in and out of hospitals all her life, who tried to break the arm of a romantic rival.

question

Which of the following is a criticism of humanistic-experiential therapies?

answer

Goals are not clear

question

Research on the impact of matching the client's race and ethnicity with the therapist's indicates that

answer

there is no solid evidence that outcomes are diminished when client and therapist are not matched.

question

Which of the following is an advantage of using Beck's cognitive treatment for depression, as compared to drugs?

answer

a. The likelihood of relapse is decreased.

question

Efforts to counterbalance the social factors that entice adolescent binge drinking are examples of

answer

a. selective interventions.

question

A clinical psychologist who said that maladaptive behaviors are shared between members of a relationship and not just the responsibility of an individual would be in harmony with therapists who take the ________ approach.

answer

family therapy

question

Why is a drug that is long-acting desirable?

answer

It will need to be taken less frequently.

question

The verdict of Guilty but Mentally Ill

answer

d. means people with mental illness that are found guilty of a crime go to the hospital until they are better, then return to jail to serve out their sentence.

question

Sarah has just received her first treatment of electroconvulsive therapy. She is most likely to

answer

experience amnesia and confusion for an hour after the treatment.

question

Psychological and physiological dependence is a well-documented danger of using

answer

a. anxiolytics.

question

Lithium was once used

answer

as a salt substitute.

question

What do the medications used to treat mental illnesses do?

answer

Treat the symptoms of the illness with biochemical changes

question

Community-based facilities that provide aftercare are typically run by

answer

a. the residents themselves.

question

The broadest of the insanity rules is the

answer

c. Durham Rule.

question

Which of the following is a sociocultural effort toward universal prevention?

answer

public education

question

One difference between voluntary hospitalization and involuntary commitment is that people who are in the hospital voluntarily

answer

can, with sufficient notice, leave the hospital when they want to.

question

Under what circumstances might the use of medications prior to psychotherapy be essential?

answer

c. When the patient's symptoms are so severe that they make psychotherapy impossible

question

Why should defense lawyers be cautious about using the insanity defense?

answer

a. It rarely works.

question

Which phrase best captures how well mental health professionals do in predicting the occurrence of dangerous acts?

answer

Not as well as we would like

question

Project Northland demonstrated that

answer

community-wide "no use" norms for teens can be taught.

question

All of the following are sociocultural efforts toward universal prevention of mental disorders EXCEPT

answer

penal systems.

question

The most recent research on deinstitutionalization has found

answer

a. inpatient hospitalization has been increasing due to the failures to provide adequate care in the community.

question

The advantage of using outside independent observers or pre-post test comparisons to evaluate a client's progress is that

answer

they increase the objectivity of ratings over those given by the people involved in treatment.

question

In understanding and treating mental disorders, the World Health Organization at the present time has

answer

been very much aware of the interrelationship between physical, psychosocial, and sociocultural factors.

question

In what way does therapy differ from simply talking to a friend or family member about a problem?

answer

c. the belief that keeping channels of communication open will help solve problems.

question

The Tarasoff rule usually applies

answer

c. only if the target of violence is clearly identifiable.

question

Lawrence, a hypochondriac, gains attention when he complains about health problems; they tend to ignore him when he talks about other topics. A therapist has instructed the family to reverse this: What kind of treatment does this best illustrate?

answer

Contingency management

question

For bipolar patients, the risk of relapse after discontinuing lithium is

answer

a. roughly 50 percent within six months.

question

Dr. Hart says, "For me, the goal of treatment is not to uncover inner conflicts, but to help the client achieve adaptive responses that he or she can control and maintain through self-monitoring." Dr. Hart probably considers herself a ________ therapist

answer

behavior

question

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of behavior therapy?

answer

It works well if a problem is vague and ill-defined.

question

While ________ can be used in treatment, it also a means by which problematic behaviors are acquired when others' behavior is problematic.

answer

c. modeling

question

Prozac is a

answer

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.

question

What is usually used as a placebo in a study of psychosocial treatments?

answer

a wait list

question

The process by which lithium reduces the likelihood of mood swings

answer

is unknown at this time.

question

Antidepressants are used to treat all of the following EXCEPT

answer

schizophrenia.

question

The Brady family is attending family therapy sessions. The therapist has told them, "If the whole family context changes, Marcia's problem behavior will change as well." The family therapist probably agrees with the ________ therapy approach.

answer

a. structural family

question

Most of NIMH's programs are

answer

a. actually planned and run by state and local organizations.

question

While most antianxiety drugs act on ________, Buspar acts primarily on ________.

answer

c. GABA; serotonin

question

While there is little research on the different substance abuse prevention programs, what there is on programs such as D.A.R.E. suggests

answer

they are mostly ineffective.

question

Atypical antipsychotics are more commonly used today because they

answer

may effectively treat both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

question

Joan was surprised that, when she went to therapy, her therapist didn't ask her questions, but just listened to her talk. She said she felt very comfortable with the therapist and felt she could say anything at all and be accepted, Joan was probably in

answer

client-centered therapy.

question

The newer anti-anxiety drug Buspar has the advantage that

answer

a. it has a low potential for abuse.

question

How has psychodynamic therapy changed over time?

answer

a. It focuses on all relationships, not just early experiences.

question

A good example of psychotherapy being used as a guardian of the status quo

answer

c. occurred when psychiatry was used as a means of political control in the former Soviet Union.

question

A Nobel Prize winning treatment for schizophrenia was

answer

prefrontal lobotomies.

question

At Rush General, the inpatient mental ward employs a program that focuses on modifying the behavior of the patients by giving them gold stars for good behavior and ignoring undesirable behavior. What type of treatment program does this appear to be?

answer

social learning

question

What do the National Association for Mental Health, the National Association for Retarded Citizens, and the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill (NAMI) have in common?

answer

They all try to improve services and educate the government and public about various problems.

question

The conventional antipsychotic drugs have a problematic side effect involving abnormal movement. This side effect is called

answer

tardive dyskinesia.

question

Punishment is a component of

answer

aversion therapy.

question

Dr. Hart says, "For me, the goal of treatment is not to uncover inner conflicts, but to help the client achieve adaptive responses that he or she can control and maintain through self-monitoring." Dr. Hart probably considers herself a ________ therapist.

answer

behavior

question

The time course of the effects of antidepressant medications suggests that

answer

changes in cellular functioning are necessary to alleviate the symptoms of depression.

question

All of the following are challenges of conducting randomized clinical trials of the effectiveness of therapy EXCEPT

answer

There is little variation between different types of therapy.

question

Which of the following best illustrates the analysis of resistance?

answer

Noting that the client is able to talk freely about his mother but not report anything about his father

question

Which of the following would be the most objective way of evaluating treatment success?

answer

Measuring the change in through personality tests and other instruments

question

The use of drugs that have noxious effects and viewing movies that elicit disgust are both techniques associated with

answer

aversion therapy.

question

In Beck's cognitive therapy, an early "homework" assignment would be

answer

recording one's automatic thoughts and their associated emotional reactions.

question

Psychodynamic interpersonally oriented therapies agree with classical psychoanalysis in the importance of

answer

understanding the present in terms of the past.

question

Which of the following changed with the Federal Insanity Defense Reform Act of 1984?

answer

It put the burden of proof on the defense.

question

In the mid-1900s, prefrontal lobotomies were popular as a treatment because

answer

there weren't many other available treatments.

question

What treatment approach is most likely to be employed by an HMO to treat an anxiety disorder?

answer

Pharmacotherapy

question

To summarize what is known about psychotherapy effectiveness we can say that

answer

the chances of an average client benefiting significantly are impressive.

question

An analysis of brief psychodynamic psychotherapy found that

answer

there is great promise in it for borderline personality disorder.

question

Yuko is painfully shy. Her therapist first shows her appropriate social skills so she can interact competently with others. Then Yuko attempts the same behavior while getting feedback. This illustrates the behavior therapy technique called

answer

modeling.

question

The text reported the case of a 6-year-old boy who hated school and showed off in class. His parents and teacher were instructed to ignore the showing-off behavior while reinforcing appropriate behavior. This is an example of

answer

systematic use of reinforcement.

question

All of the following are elements of "milieu therapy" EXCEPT

answer

teaching social skills and problem solving.

question

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

answer

assumes that thinking influences emotion, motivation, and behavior.

question

In order to prevent long-term consequences, ________ interventions are provided immediately after a disaster such as a plane crash.

answer

indicated

question

Indicated prevention emphasizes

answer

the early detection and prompt treatment of maladaptive behavior in a person's community setting.

question

34. The Brady family is attending family therapy sessions. The therapist has told them, "If the whole family context changes, Marcia's problem behavior will change as well." The family therapist probably agrees with the ________ therapy approach.

answer

structural family

question

35. How commonly are medications and therapy combined today?

answer

Research suggests that over half of those in treatment receive both psychotherapy and medication.

question

Oscar has been prescribed the following drugs over the years: Valium, Serax, Xanax, and Ativan. We can guess that Oscar has had problems with

answer

anxiety and insomnia.

question

What doctrine came out of the original Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California et al. case?

answer

The duty to warn

question

Once a person has been involuntarily committed to a mental institution, he or she

answer

may refuse treatment.

question

Which of the following is a barrier to effective deinstitutionalization?

answer

The lack of sufficient mental health services in the community

question

A typical defense strategy, to try to counteract public anger about the insanity defense, is to

answer

portray the defendant as someone who was him- or herself a victim.

question

***psychotherapy is best viewed as***

answer

a set of tools

question

which of the following would be the most likely candidate for ECT?

answer

a pregnant and depressed 25 year old

question

why is it important to prevent teen alcohol use?

answer

early alcohol use is associated with later alcohol abuse and dependence

question

a psychotherapist says to her client, "say whatever comes to your mind, no matter how strange or painful it may seem." The psychotherapist is encouraging:

answer

free association

question

what led to the development of family systems therapy?

answer

the realization that the family environment played a role in whether relapse occurred

question

which statement about negative outcomes in psychotherapy is accurate?

answer

when a sexual relationship occurs between therapist and patient, it is harmful to the patient

question

under what circumstances can a therapist violate a client's confidence?

answer

when someone is in danger

question

humanistic-existential therapies are based on the belief that psychopathology is a result of

answer

lack of fulfillment

question

traditional behavioral couples therapy

answer

uses training in communication skills and problem solving to increase caring behaviors in couples.

question

universal interventions are concerned with two key tasks:

answer

altering conditions that cause disorders and establishing conditions that foster positive mental health

question

which of the following is the best example of a "model" therapy session?

answer

there is no "model" therapy

question

homicidal behavior amongst former patients is greatest with a diagnosis of

answer

alcoholism

question

research on the impact of matching the client's race and ethnicity with the therapists indicates that

answer

there is no solid evidence that outcomes are diminished when client and therapist are not matched

question

dr. patel says this about his goals in therapy: "i want my patients to become aware of their repressed memories from childhood and come to terms with them in the light of adult realities." dr. patel most likely prefers ______ therapy.

answer

psychodynamic

question

what has research on the use of a combined approach to the treatment of depression demonstrated?

answer

medication in combination with therapy yields the best results

question

what do lithium carbonate, carbamazepine (tegretol), and valproate (depakote) have in common?

answer

they are all mood-stabilizing drugs.

question

which of the following funds research on mental disorders and assists communities in establishing mental health services?

answer

the national institute on mental health (NIMH)

question

a randomized clinical trial

answer

is a study where people are assigned to different groups by a flip of a coin, one-half to a treatment group and one-half to a seemingly identical placebo group

question

in most states that have a tarasoff-type rule, when a client threatens someone, a therapist must

answer

make a reasonable effort to warn potential victims

question

for which client is behavior therapy most likely to be effective?

answer

wilson, whose complaint is premature ejaculation

question

freud called dreams "the royal road to the unconscious" because

answer

he believed defenses were lowered during sleep and repressed material would start to come out in dreams

question

individuals vary tremendously in their degree of motivation for psychological treatment. which of the following is likely to be the most motivated?

answer

harvey, who is going through a job layoff and feels overwhelmed by the crisis

question

selective intervention programs that teach adolescents social skills and enhance feelings of competency are

answer

aimed at increasing self-esteem and reducing the influence of negative peer pressure

question

drugs that block dopamine receptors are most likely to be used to

answer

treat psychotic disorders

question

in general, psychiatrists tend to treat mental disorders by ____ and psychologists by ____.

answer

prescribing medications, examining and changing behavior and thought patterns

question

while most anti-anxiety drugs act on _____, buspar acts primarily on ______.

answer

GABA, serotonin

question

dr. jones says, "these projects have clearly shown a promising path toward reducing the extent of substance abuse in young people." what projects is dr. jones talking about?

answer

ones that combine different intervention strategies

question

the use of electroconvulsive therapy can be traced to

answer

the belief that schizophrenia and epilepsy are rarely comorbid disorders

question

in the mid- 1900's prefrontal lobotomies were popular as a treatment because

answer

there werent many other available treatments

question

julia has just been prescribed a monoamine oxidase inhibitor to treat her depression. what warning should her doctor give her?

answer

be careful what you eat

question

which person described below is the "typical" client in psychotherapy?

answer

there is no "typical" client

question

when is peer influence most powerful for high-risk teens?

answer

when there is a lack of adult supervision

question

andrea begins therapy and expects that the therapy will help her. this expectancy

answer

may be enough by itself to produce positive change.

question

a token economy is

answer

a type of contingency management

question

efforts at reducing racism as a means of preventing mental illness would be a(n)_____ intervention.

answer

selective

question

dr. mcdougal's specialty is forensic psychology. we can imagine that she

answer

is concerned with the legal status of the mentally ill.

question

one criticism of traditional behavioral couple therapy has been

answer

the emphasis on change

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