Ab Psy Chapter 1 – Flashcards
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Abnormal Psychology
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The scientific study of abnormal behavior in an effort to describe, predict, explain, and change abnormal patterns of functioning. Those working in this field are called clinical scientists.
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Clinical Practitioners
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Those that use knowledge gained from abnormal psych. to detect, assess, and treat abnormal patterns of functioning.
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The 4 D's
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Deviance, Distressing, Dysfunctional, and Dangerous
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Deviant
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different, extreme, unusual perhaps even bizarre: The person's behaviors, thoughts, or feelings must deviate in some way from society's norms.
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Distress
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unpleasant and upsetting to the person: The behaviors , thoughts, or feelings must cause distress to the individual or people around him or her.
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Dysfunctional
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interfering with the persons ability to conduct daily activities in a constructive way.
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Danger
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the behaviors, thoughts, or feelings may result in the person being a danger to self or others.
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Norms
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a society's stated and unstated rules for proper conduct.
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Culture
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A peoples common history, values, institutions, habits, skills, tech, and arts.
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Eccentricity
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an unusual pattern with which others have no right to interfere.
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Treatment/Therapy
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Is a procedure designed to change abnormal behavior into more normal behavior: it, too requires careful definition.
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Therapy has 3 essential features:
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1. A sufferer who seeks relief from the healer 2. A trained, socially accepted healer, whose expertise is accepted by the sufferer and his or her social group. 3. A series of contacts between the healer and the sufferer, through which the healer... tries to produce certain changes in the sufferer's emotional state, attitudes, and behavior.
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Trephination
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An ancient operation in which a stone instrument was used to cut away a circular section of the skull perhaps to treat abnormal behavior
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Humors
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According to the Greeks and Romans, bodily chemicals that influence mental and physical functioning.
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Johann Weyer
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1515-1588 was the first to specialize in in mental illness and believed that the mind was as susceptible to sickness as the body was. Considered the founder of the modern study of psychopathology.
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Asylums
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A type of institution that first became popular in the sixteenth century to provide care for persons with mental disorders. Most became virtual prisons.
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Moral Treatment
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A nineteenth century approach to treating people with mental dysfunction that emphasized moral guidance and humane and respectful treatment.
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Benjamin Rush
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The person most responsible for the spread of moral treatment and considered the Father of Psychiatry.
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State Hospitals
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State run public mental institutions in the United States.
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Somatogenic Perspective
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The view that abnormal psychological functioning has physical causes.
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Psychogenic Perspective
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The view that chief causes of abnormal functioning are psychological.
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Hypnotism
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is a procedure that places people in a trance-like mental state during which they become extremely suggestible.
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Psychoanalysis
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Sigmund Freud created the theory: Either the theory of the treatment of abnormal mental functioning that emphasizes unconscious psychological forces as the cause of psychopathology.
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Psychological Medications
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drugs that mainly affect the brain and reduce many symptoms of mental dysfunctioning.
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Deinstitutionalization
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The practice begun in 1960s of releasing hundreds of thousands of patients from public mental hospitals.
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private psychotherapy
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An arrangement in which a person directly pays a therapist for counseling services
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Prevention
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Interventions aimed at deterring mental disorders before the can develop
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Positive Psychology
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The study and enhancement of positive feelings, traits, and abilities.
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Multicultural Psychology
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The field of psychology that examines the impact of culture race, ethnicity, gender and similar factors on our behaviors and how it can help in treatment.
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Managed Care Program
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A program in which the insurance company determines such key issues as which therapists its clients may choose, the cost of sessions, and the number of sessions for which a client may be reimbursed.
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Parity Law
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Directs insurance companies to provide equal coverage for mental and medical problems.
