Question 1

The enduring pattern of inner thoughts and emotions along with outward behavior that is unique to each individual is termed:

Accepted Answer

personality

Question 2

What differentiates normal personality characteristics from personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

the specific characteristics the degree of inflexibility and maladaptiveness the length of time one possesses the characteristics All of the above are correct

Question 3

DSM-5, like its predecessor, DSM-IV-TR, identifies 10 personality disorders utilizing a:

Accepted Answer

categorical approach

Question 4

One reason that the personality disorders are difficult to treat is that the afflicted individuals:

Accepted Answer

are frequently unaware that they have a problem

Question 5

Personality disorders are categorized into three main clusters that include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

schizophrenia

Question 6

The categorical approach to personality disorders assumes that:

Accepted Answer

problematic personality traits are either present or absent

Question 7

If you believe that personality disorders are BEST understood as a matter of degree in difference from typical personality rather than as a specific diagnosis, you agree with:

Accepted Answer

the dimensional approach

Question 8

An individual has just received a diagnosis of paranoid personality disorder. That individual is MOST likely to have a parent or sibling who has:

Accepted Answer

schizophrenia

Question 9

The category of \"odd\" personality disorders includes the traits of:

Accepted Answer

extreme suspiciousness, social withdrawal, and cognitive and pereceptual peculiarities

Question 10

\"It is clear that very demanding parents caused this person to develop paranoid personality disorder.\" This statement MOST likely would be made by someone from which of the following theoretical perspectives?

Accepted Answer

psychodynamic

Question 11

A personal experiencing paranoid personality disorder frequently says things like \"You\'ve got to get them before they get you,\" and \"People have been sinners since the Garden of Eden.\" If these sayings reflect maladaptive assumptions the person has about people in general, the theorist who would be LEAST surprised would have which theoretical position?

Accepted Answer

cognitive

Question 12

One similarity of those experiencing paranoid personality disorder and those experiencing schizoid personality disorder is that they tend:

Accepted Answer

not to have close ties to others

Question 13

Wes has always been a loner. He has never much cared for being with other people and does not form relationships easily. He appears to be without emotion. We may be exhibiting:

Accepted Answer

schizoid personality disorder

Question 14

The parents of those with schizoid personality disorder are MOST likely to have been:

Accepted Answer

unaccepting

Question 15

An individual diagnosed with schizoid personality disorder reports having a great deal of difficulty figuring out how others feel, and as a child had difficulty developing adequate language skills. These findings would make the MOST sense to a theorist with which background?

Accepted Answer

cognitive

Question 16

There is a new game called \"Moods\" where one acts out the mood listed on a card. Being encouraged to play this game is most like the treatment ___________ might use for those with schizoid disorders.

Accepted Answer

cognitive therapists

Question 17

Schizotypal personality disorders differ from other \"odd\" personality disorders in that they are related to schizophrenia and:

Accepted Answer

mood disorders

Question 18

A belief that the news anchor on CNN is giving one important messages about one\'s behavior reflects:

Accepted Answer

ideas of reference

Question 19

The disorder that appears to be MOST closely related to the schizotypal personality disorder is:

Accepted Answer

schizophrenia

Question 20

A client has enlarged brain ventricles and a measurable loss of gray matter. These symptoms are:

Accepted Answer

biological, and the most likely diagnosis is schizotypal personality disorder

Question 21

As part of their therapy, clients learn to evaluate their unusual thoughts, track the accuracy of \"magical\" predictions, and reconnect with the world and with their limitations. The diagnoses of these clients would MOST likely be in which of the following broad categories of personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

\"odd\"

Question 22

Which category of personality disorder contains the disorders MOST commonly diagnosed?

Accepted Answer

\"dramatic\"

Question 23

A friend of yours says, \"A 15-year-old high schooler accused of shooting several classmates received a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder.\" Your MOST accurate reply would be:

Accepted Answer

\"No; this kid is too young for that diagnosis.\"

Question 24

Which of these well-known people appears to have displayed symptoms of antisocial personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Bernie Madoff

Question 25

Which of the following statements is NOT generally true of those with antisocial personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

They care for no one\'s safety, except theirs and their children

Question 26

A friend says to you, \"He must have antisocial personality disorder; look how careful he is about his own well-being, but how careless he is about others\' safety.\" Your MOST accurate reply would be:

Accepted Answer

\"You\'re partly right; most people with antisocial personality disorder are careless about their own safety, as well as the safety of others

Question 27

Which of the following statements BEST represents current knowledge about mass murderers?

Accepted Answer

We really don\'t know what causes mass murders to act or how to treat them

Question 28

Which of the following is MOST characteristic of mass murderers?

Accepted Answer

feelings of persecution and desire for revenge

Question 29

The two childhood disorders that have been related to later antisocial personality disorder are:

Accepted Answer

conduct disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Question 30

The fact that children may learn antisocial behavior by modeling parental conflict and aggressiveness provides support for:

Accepted Answer

behavioral theory

Question 31

Giving in to a child\'s refusal to comply with a parental request may inadvertently reinforce stubborn and defiant behavior, setting the scene for the development of antisocial personality disorder. This is most likely a ____________ disorder.

Accepted Answer

behavioral

Question 32

Assume a study of prison inmates diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder shows that they generally experience less anxiety than other people when they lie or \"con\" others. This outcome would most strongly support which theoretical position?

Accepted Answer

biological

Question 33

An individual with a diagnosed personality disorder is emotionally unstable, impulsive, and reckless. This person\'s diagnosis is likely to be which of the following personalty disorders?

Accepted Answer

borderline

Question 34

\"That personality disorder has become so common, I encounter it almost every day in the emergency room.\" MOST likely, this doctor is talking about which personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

borderline

Question 35

What is a common reason for the hospitalization of people with borderline personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

they may attempt suicide or otherwise hurt themselves

Question 36

Studies of those diagnosed with borderline personality disorder show that:

Accepted Answer

over half attempted suicide at least once in their lives, and about 10 percent succeed

Question 37

Gort\'s parents never quite liked him, probably did not want children in the first place. He just was not accepted. It was clear early in school that Gort had a low opinion of himself and did not know how to interact with the other children. How he cuts himself and has been to the ER several times. This is a description of the possible development of:

Accepted Answer

borderline personality disorder

Question 38

If an individual has damage to the prefrontal cortex, which of the following symptoms would MOST likely be observed?

Accepted Answer

deficits in planning, self-control, and decision making

Question 39

Which of the following would MOST clearly fit into the biosocial theory of the development of borderline personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

an individual who has difficulty controlling internal emotions and parents who mislabel those emotions

Question 40

\"That\'s it!\" says your friend, the psychotherapist. \"I can\'t work with that client. As soon as I show any empathy at all, it becomes almost impossible to challenge the client, and the client keeps calling me at all hours of the day.\" MOST likely, this is a client with:

Accepted Answer

borderline personality disorder

Question 41

A friend asks your advice about the MOST effective therapy to use for treating borderline personality disorder. Your BEST answer is:

Accepted Answer

\"Research suggests that dialectical behavior therapy is the most effective.\"

Question 42

Dr. Marsha Linehan, the developer of dialectical behavior therapy, would have diagnosed her young adult self with:

Accepted Answer

borderline personality disorder

Question 43

Dialectical behavior therapy emphasizes all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

the use of antipsychotic medications in an outpatient setting

Question 44

A client is searching for the BEST treatment for borderline personality disorder. Will drug treatment be effective if it is the only intervention the client receives?

Accepted Answer

No; they should be used along with psychotherapy, if used at all

Question 45

\"You had one eye in the mirror as you watched yourself.../You\'re so vain, you probably think thissong is about you/You\'re so vain...\" sang Carly Simon in the 1973 #1 hit, \"You\'re So Vain.\" If the subject of the song were diagnosed with a personality disorder, which of the following would be the MOST likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

histrionic

Question 46

A person constantly strives to be the center of attention, yet the ideas the person so eloquently expresses are usually shallow and changeable. If this person were diagnosed with a personality disorder, it MOST likely would be:

Accepted Answer

histrionic

Question 47

The type of therapist MOST likely to try to help people diagnosed with histrionic personality disorder to believe they are not helpless, and to teach them better thinking skills, is a ____________ therapist:

Accepted Answer

cognitive

Question 48

The personality disorder that is characterized by the need for undying love and admiration is:

Accepted Answer

narcissistic

Question 49

The \"flower children\" of the 1960s and 1970s have sometimes been called the \"me\" generation, reflecting the supposed self-centered indvidualism of the time. If this is true, a sociocultural theorist would predict a larger than usual percentage of which kind of personality disorder among the aging \"me\" generation?

Accepted Answer

narcissistic

Question 50

You might suspect an \"era of narcissism\" is approaching for a country when:

Accepted Answer

there is increasing emphasis on self-expression and competitiveness

Question 51

A client is initially very resistant to therapy, cannot acknowledge weaknesses, and ignores feedback. MOST likely, the client is experiencing:

Accepted Answer

narcissistic personality disorder, and will not make much progress in therapy

Question 52

Elena can\'t seem to establish social ties because she is afraid of being embarrassed or appearing foolish. She is easily hurt by criticism and is not willing to go into unfamiliar situations. She may be experiencing:

Accepted Answer

avoidant personality disorder

Question 53

If a person primarily fears close social relationships, one would MOST likely conclude that the person is experiencing:

Accepted Answer

avoidant personality disorder

Question 54

A client being treated for avoidant personality disorder must increase the number of social contacts per day. The person, at the least, must greet others with the sentence, \"Hello; how are you doing?\" MOST likely, the therapist has which theoretical background?

Accepted Answer

behavioral

Question 55

Cognitive therapy for avoidant personality disorder focuses on:

Accepted Answer

increasing the client\'s tolerance of emotional discomfort and building up his or her self-image

Question 56

People with avoidant personality disorder have difficulty ___________ relationships, while people with dependent personality disorder have difficulty ______________ relationships.

Accepted Answer

initiating ; ending

Question 57

If parents excessively reinforces clinging and punish attempts at independence, the result might be the development of:

Accepted Answer

dependent personality disorder

Question 58

\"Be loyal to your family\" was what the child heard all the time, along with \"You shouldn\'t -- you can\'t -- do it on your own, so don\'t even try.\" A behaviorist would say this kind of upbringing would be MOST likely to produce which of the personality disorders in the child, when he or she reached adulthood?

Accepted Answer

dependent

Question 59

One especially good reason to use a form of group therapy in the treatment of dependent personality disorder is that:

Accepted Answer

the group members can model appropriate behaviors and expression of feelings to one another

Question 60

The TV show Monk features a detective who is very seldom happy, has few good friends, has a very rigid order and way in which he must do things, and who frequently has difficulty making up his mind about what to do. If he were diagnosed with a personality disorder, it would MOST likely be a __________ disorder

Accepted Answer

obsessive-compulsive

Question 61

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is MOST common among:

Accepted Answer

men with jobs

Question 62

Psychodynamic theorists explain obsessive-compulsive personality disorder as a fixation at the:

Accepted Answer

anal stage

Question 63

With the help of a therapist, a client with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder has experienced a dramatic decrease in both dichotomous thinking and worrying. The client\'s behavior is:

Accepted Answer

uncommon; most with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder do not seek help, and this person is most likely receiving cognitive therapy

Question 64

A group of diagnostic clinicians can\'t agree with each other on appropriate personality disorder diagnoses for several clients. In fact, it is obvious that, in many cases, they have inaccurately made their diagnoses. Assuming they are competent clinicians, this situation would indicate the DSM-5 categories for personality disorder are:

Accepted Answer

neither reliable nor valid

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