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Eroded mucosal area in the central portion of gastrointestinal tract

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achalasia

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Which of the following describes general nutrition guidelines for a pt with a peptic ulcer?

answer

General well-balanced diet as tolerated

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A food that appears to reduce symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome is:

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Whole grain wheat toast

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Treatment for diverticulosis includes a diet that is

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high fiber

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Characteristic symptoms of celiac disease are:

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diarrhea and steatorrhea

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Hepatitis is usually the result of

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a viral infection or alcohol or drug abuse

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Treatment of hepatitis

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rest and optimal nutrition

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Pathological changes in the liver caused by cirrhosis includes?

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fatty infilltration

question

An example of diet with moderate texture is

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liquid

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Lower esophageal sphincter muscle controls entry to

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the small intestine

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Viral hepatitis contracted through

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ingestion of contaminated water or food

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Major nutrition problem related to the development of ascities is

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protein deficiency

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Nutrition therapy for the patient with cirrhosis includes a diet with

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adequate calories low sodium soft textured

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What condition causes an increased protein catabolism

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Illness

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Most fatty pant foods are what?

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unsaturated

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What are the proteins that are directly absorbed into the portal blood circulation for use in the building of body tissue.

answer

Amino Acids

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What phase of metabolism makes growth and repair possible?

answer

Anabolism

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A mineral that occurs mostly in the extracellular fluid is

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Sodium

question

A new food or advice about food is more readily accepted if it comes from a

answer

hairdresser

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The most healthy snack item would be?

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whole wheat crackers and hummus

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A factor that contributes to the increasing prevalence of obesity is?

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Expanding portion sizes at restaurants

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A factor that has the greatest influence on food habits is

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food availability

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A factor that has the least effect on food habits is

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health and nutrition

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An example of a vianda common to Puerto Rican food pattern is

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Plantains

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According to Jewish food laws, an example of foods that must not be eaten together would be

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hamburger and cheese

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An effect method for weight reduction includes

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behavior modification

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Surgical techniques used for wt. reduction are:

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associated with significant risks

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Most important key to a successful wt. loss program is?

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personal motivation

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Food behavior of value in wt. reduction program includes

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Choosing small portions

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Problems associated with bulimia nervosa includes

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erosion of dental enamel

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The fuel source for short term energy needs is

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Glycogen

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To prepare for an athletic event of high endurance, the proper glycogen loading process

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Gradual tapering of workouts and increasing carbs intake.

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Water formed from metabolism comes from

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oxidation of nutrients

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For osmosis to occur there must be a

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Semi- permeable membrane

question

A good source of iron during pregnancy would be

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lean ground beef

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An acceptable ending pregnancy wt. for a normal wt. woman whose pre-pregnancy wt. 125 lb

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150-160 lbs.

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It may be advisable for an older adult to take vitamin or mineral supplements if

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he or she has been ill

question

Congregate meals are most often served

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at a senior center

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Diabetes is an example of a chronic disease most often appears during

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Middle adult

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Congregate meals for seniors are

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noon meals

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Factors that commonly contribute to malnutrition in older adults includes

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loss of teeth or poorly fitted dentures

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Dehydration is more common in older adults than in younger adults because

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thirst mechanism diminishes

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Biological processes associated with aging may cause

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An increase ratio of adipose to muscle tissue

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Physiologic problems of older adults include

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decreased thirst and taste sensations

question

Contributing factors for osteoporosis includes

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inadequate calcium and Vitamin D intake

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John a 34 year old man is

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A young adult

question

Most common cause of anemia during pregnancy is

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Iron deficiency

question

Best source of Folate is

answer

deep green vegetables

question

Total weight gain during the first trimester is

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2 to 4 lbs.

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The condition of severe, prolonged, and persistent vomiting during pregnancy is

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hyperemesis gravidarum

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Appropriate snack for a pregnant woman with morning sickness is

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whole wheat toast with a small amount of butter and a small piece of fruit.

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3 to 4 cups of milk a day, during pregnancy is a good source of

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Vitamin D

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Intake of Vitamin C should go up during pregnancy because.

answer

It is an important factor in tissue growth

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Bile contains

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emulsifiers

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The body's source of stored energy includes

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adipose tissue

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The total number of kilocal in a snack that contains 10g Carbs, 2g protein, and 5g of fat Carbs= 4g protein= 4g Fat= 9g

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10g (4) + 2g (4) + 5g (9) = 93 kcal

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For a compound to be classified as a vitamin

answer

it has to perform a vital function

question

An example of a gastric secretion is

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hydrocloric acid

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Important function of Vitamin A is

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to help form rhodopsin in the eye

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When energy intake exceeds energy expenditure the result can be

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Weight gain

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A good source of Vitamin D is

answer

Fish liver oils

question

Nutrient Density means

answer

Concentration of nutrients in a given amount of food

question

The liver and muscles store enough glycogen to last

answer

12-48 hours

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Liver is a rich source of

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Vitamin A

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phytochemical act as

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antioxidants and hormones

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A woman getting pregnant, makes healthy eating choices by eating foods that contains folate, can help to prevent what?

answer

neural tube defects

question

Sunflower oil is a rich source of

answer

Vitamin E

question

Vitamin E protects membranes, because is acts as what type of barrier

answer

an Antioxidant

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An alcoholic is most likely deficient in

answer

thiamin

question

The vitamin destroyed by light is

answer

riboflavin

question

The most important source of riboflavin is

answer

milk

question

The disease associated with niacin deficiency is

answer

pellagra

question

A good food source of niacin is

answer

beef

question

The best food source of folic acid is

answer

broccoli

question

A folic acid deficiency induces a form of anemia called

answer

megaloblastic anemia

question

The B vitamin predominately found in foods of animal origin is

answer

Cobalamin

question

A 62 year old woman who smokes 1 pack a day, minimal intake of vitamin C is at risk for

answer

easy bruising and pinpoint hemorraging

question

Sudden shut down of kidney function as the result of traumatic injury is called

answer

Acute kidney failure

question

What type of foods are rich in beta-carotene?

answer

Dark orange and green Carrots and spinach

question

What are Ricketts

answer

Deficit of Vitamin D

question

A mineral that occurs mostly in the extracellular fluid is

answer

sodium

question

A shared function of plasma proteins, glucose, electrolytes, and sodium is

answer

balance of water between body compartments

question

An ion that possesses a negative charge is

answer

an anion

question

Ways in which water and solutes move across membranes includes

answer

diffusion and filltration

question

The kidneys (launder) the blood by

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filtration

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The body's state of relative dynamic equilibrium within the body's internal environment is called

answer

homeostasis

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The fluid surrounding tissues outside of the cells is called

answer

Interstitial fluid

question

The major electrolyte found guarding the water outside of the cells is called

answer

sodium

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Water leaves the body mainly through the

answer

kidneys

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Absorption of particles in solution from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration is accomplished by

answer

Active transport

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Body performance is adversely affected, when the body's wt. decreases by

answer

3%

question

The hormone that causes the kidneys to reabsorb water is

answer

Antidiuretic horomone

question

The acid-base buffer system is mainly controlled by the

answer

lungs and kidneys

question

A pregnant woman should consume enough energy to

answer

spare protein for extra tissue building

question

Iron needs to be increased during pregnancy because of

answer

increased maternal blood volume

question

Recommendations for a pregnant woman with morning sickness includes eating

answer

liquids between meals, not with meals

question

A pregnancy is considered high risk if the mother is

answer

16 years old

question

In the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy, the National Standards recommends an increase in kcal intake of

answer

340 and 450 kcals/day

question

Compared with non-pregnant women the amount of extra protein needed by pregnant women is about

answer

25g/day

question

Iron absorption is enhanced by consuming foods containing

answer

Vitamin C

question

An important source of folate is

answer

oranges

question

most of the wt. gained during pregnancy is contributed by the

answer

maternal stores

question

The woman requiring the most wt. gain during pregnancy would be

answer

a women carrying twins

question

Pregnant teens who have a low wt gain by 20 weeks gestation may be at most risk for

answer

intrauterine growth failure

question

Calories needs during lactation are increased above normal needs by about

answer

330 and 400 kcal/day

question

Hormone that stimulates milk production during lactation is

answer

prolactin

question

Nutritional therapy for gallbladder disorders includes

answer

low fat intake

question

A major difficulty in treating hepatitis is that

answer

the person usually has a poor appetite

question

Inflammation of the tongue is called

answer

glossitis

question

The term used to describe difficulty in swallowing is

answer

dysphagia

question

An example of a meal that may cause an increase in symptoms for a pt with peptic ulcer disease is

answer

chicken curry

question

Dryness of the mouth from lack of normal secretions is called

answer

xerostomia

question

for athletes, a pre-game meal may consist of

answer

spaghetti and tomato, bread, and juice

question

good source of calcium is

answer

yogurt

question

Important function of sodium is

answer

water balance

question

High potassium intake

answer

lower blood pressure

question

Hemoglobin formation is

answer

Iron

question

Thyroid stimulating hormone controls uptake of

answer

Iodine

question

Major minerals are required by the body in units of more than

answer

100mg/day

question

Mineral essential for the formation of fibrin to cause blood clots is

answer

calcium

question

Mineral necessary for the controlled oxidation of carbs, fats, and protein in producing and storing available energy for the body is

answer

Phosphorus

question

Major electrolyte found inside of cells is

answer

Potassium

question

Mineral that is a catalyst for many reactions in cells that produces energy is

answer

Magnesium

question

Meat is a great dietary source of

answer

zinc

question

Energy is stored as

answer

glycogen

question

Energy expenditure exceeds energy intake causes

answer

wt. loss

question

what food has the highest energy value

answer

bacon

question

Active form of vitamin D is

answer

calcitrol

question

A woman on a vegan diet is at risk for

answer

B12 deficiency

question

Vitamins regulates the body metabolism by working as a

answer

specific catalysts

question

the vitamin closely associated with protein metabolism is

answer

pyridoxine

question

Athlete increases pasta intake needs for more of

answer

thiamin

question

the number of amino acids that are indispensable for humans are

answer

9

question

An apple contains what type of soluble dietary fiber called

answer

pectin

question

Carbs are stored as glycogen where?

answer

liver and muscles

question

A progressive increase in serum urea levels occurs in

answer

chronic renal failure

question

Bone disease called osteodystrophy is associated with

answer

chronic renal failure

question

During the initial stage of treatment of a severe burn a pt is encouraged to

answer

drink water daily

question

Pt. who is treated with antibiotics may have a decreased synthesis of

answer

vitamin K

question

Ordinarily the cell operates in an orderly fashion under the influence of the

answer

genetic code

question

Cancer therapy that uses radioactive isotopes is

answer

radiation

question

Side effects of protrease inhibitors

answer

hyperglycemia

question

the inflammation of the oral mucosa

answer

mucositis

question

pt. undergoing treatment for cancer, has not felt like eating all day and complains of discomfort and pain, what does the nurse do?

answer

assess pain and discomfort, and provide pain relief measures

question

To counteract the hypermetabolic state of Cancer, is important to

answer

increase the intake of kilocals

question

The major systemic effect of cancer is

answer

Nitogen balance

question

Mastication is an important part of digestion because it

answer

prepares the food for digestion by enzymes

question

Ph is lower in the small intestine than in the

answer

stomach

question

Enzymes that act on proteins

answer

peptidases

question

The hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release secretions is

answer

secretin

question

Fat molecules enter the bloodstream through the

answer

lymph vessels

question

Transports blood from the intestine to the liver is called

answer

portal circulation

question

The primary function of inlet (not sure if spelled right)

answer

absorption of water

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