Chapter 36, 37 – Flashcards
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Which antihistamine causes sedation an adverse drug effect?
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Diphenhydramine
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Which condition is characterized by enlargement of air spaces caused by the destruction of the alveolar walls?
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Emphysema
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The nurse observes that a patient has moon face, acne, an increase in fat pads, and swelling. After checking the patient history, the nurse finds that the patient is taking methylprednisolone for bronchospastic disorder. What will the nurse infer from the assessment?
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The patient has Cushing's syndrome.
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The nurse is teaching a patient who has asthma about the frequency of inhalation of salmeterol. Which statement by the patient indicates effective learning?
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"I will inhale it twice a day approximately 12 hours apart."
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A patient reports to the nurse that after taking guaifenesin for 1 week, the productive cough still persists. What advice should the nurse give to the patient?
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"Consult your primary health care provider."
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What interaction can occur when an asthmatic patient consumes rifampin along with xanthine derivatives?
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Theophylline levels are decreased. Xanthine derivatives are used as bronchodilators in asthmatic patients. Administration of rifampin along with xanthine derivatives causes increased metabolism of theophylline, which results in decreased levels of theophylline. Additive cardiac and central nervous system stimulation is produced when caffeine is administered along with theophylline.
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A patient is prescribed tiotropium for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). How can the absorption of tiotropium be improved?
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By waiting for 1 to 2 minutes before inhaling the second dose
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The nurse is teaching a patient about the use of an expectorant. What is the most important instruction for the nurse to include in the patient teaching?
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"Increase your fluid intake to decrease viscosity of secretions."
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A patient is prescribed diphenhydramine for the treatment of an allergic disorder. After reviewing the patient's history, the nurse finds that the patient drinks alcohol. Why should the nurse instruct the patient to stop alcohol consumption?
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Alcohol increases central nervous system depression.
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A patient is prescribed inhaled corticosteroids. Why should the nurse ask the patient to rinse the mouth after each dose?
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To prevent the development of oral candidiasis It is recommended that patients rinse their mouth immediately after use of the inhaler or nebulizer dosage forms of corticosteroids. It helps to prevent overgrowth of oral fungi and subsequent development of oral candidiasis (thrush). Dry mouth, nasal congestion, and sore throat are not side effects of corticosteroid inhaler use
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Which anticholinergic effect is seen in a patient who takes brompheniramine?
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Dry mouth
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Which drug will the primary health care provider prescribe for a patient who has nighttime insomnia and motion sickness?
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Diphenhydramine
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What are the adverse effects of ipratropium and tiotropium therapy? Select all that apply.
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Headache Dry mouth Nasal congestion
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A patient is prescribed disulfiram for alcohol abuse. During the assessment, the nurse finds that the patient is also taking echinacea for wound healing. What should the nurse instruct the patient to do?
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"Stop using echinacea."
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Which antiasthmatic drugs work by preventing the inflammation commonly provoked by the substances released from mast cells?
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Corticosteroids
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A patient taking an oral theophylline drug is due for the next dose and has a blood pressure of 100/50 mm Hg and a heart rate of 110 beats/min. The patient is irritable. What is the nurse's best action?
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Hold the next dose of theophylline and assess the patient.
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Which antiasthmatic, available only for oral use, is approved for use in children 2 years of age and older?
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Montelukast
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A patient presenting with cough is prescribed diphenhydramine. The nurse instructs the patient to avoid consuming alcohol. Which consequence of drug interaction with alcohol would be prevented if the patient follows the nurse's instructions?
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Central nervous system (CNS) depression
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A patient complains of worsening nasal congestion despite the use of oxymetazoline nasal spray every 2 hours. What is the nurse's most appropriate response?
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"Overuse of nasal decongestants results in rebound congestion."
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The nurse is assessing a patient with asthma. Which symptoms should the nurse expect to find in the patient? Select all that apply.
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Wheezing Chest tightness Shortness of breath
