POLS 1100 Chapter 15 – Flashcards
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mass media
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the entire array of organizations through which information is collected and disseminated to the general public
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news media
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media providing the public with new information about subjects of public interest
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yellow journalism
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a form of newspaper publishing in vogue in the late nineteenth century that featured pictures, comics, color, and sensationalized news coverage
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muckraking
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a form of journalism, in vogue in the early twentieth century, devoted to exposing misconduct by government, business, and individual politicians
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narrowcasting
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targeting media programming at specific populations within society
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citizen journalists
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ordinary individuals who collect, report, and analyze news content
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on the record
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information provided to a journalist that can be released and attributed by name to the source
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off the record
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information provided to a journalist that will not be released to the public
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on background
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information provided to a journalist that will not be attributed to a named source
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deep background
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information provided to a journalist that will not be attributed to any source
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content regulations
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limitations on the substance of the mass media
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equal time rule
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the rule that requires broadcast stations to sell air time equally to all candidates in a political campaign if they choose to sell it to any
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press release
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a document offering an official comment or position
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press briefing
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a relatively restricted session between a press secretary or aide and the press
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press conference
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an unrestricted session between an elected official and the press
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media effects
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the influence of news sources on public opinion
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agenda setting
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the process of forming the list of issues to be addressed by government
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framing
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the process by which a news organization defines a political issue and consequently affects opinion about the issue
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Thomas Jefferson wrote a letter in which he
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said he would prefer newspapers without government than a government without newspapers
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One of the concerns about the decline of newspapers is
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the potential demise of objectivity in the news, citizens' knowledge of political events will suffer, fear about the validity of other sources of news
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The media is also known as the
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fourth estate
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Partisan newspapers gave way to
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the penny press
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Modern tabloids are most similar to
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yellow journalism
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Most people get their information about politics from
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television
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Why is C-Span beneficial to democratic government in the United States?
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C-Span makes members of Congress even more accountable to citizens.
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A recent study conducted by the Anneberg Public Policy Center found that
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those who watch the Daily Show regularly know more about current events than non-viewers
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What is a potential danger of television shows such as The Colbert Report and The Daily Show?
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The shows are meant for entertainment and social commentary, not as a substitute for news.
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The internet
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had its roots in the ARAPANET project
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Suppose you are a politician who wants to disseminate a brief statement to reach the public at large, including news networks. Which of the following is the quickest, easiest, and most effective way to receive a near-instant response?
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Post a tweet on Twitter.
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Narrowcasting has resulted in
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polarization of public opinion
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Democrats' major news source is
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MSNBC
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Imagine you are a journalist covering a scandal that may destroy a member of Congress. You obtain your information from a source as the Department of Justice. In your story, you make no reference to the source's name or the Department of Justice, referring instead to her as an "unnamed source." The source is
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on deep background
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The Supreme Court ruled that government could not prevent publication of the Pentagon Papers by the New York Times in a case known as
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New York Times v. US
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In the White House Press Room, ____ sit(s) closer to the front than the other members of the media.
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major newspapers
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The first president to have a press secretary was
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Herbert Hoover
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Which of the following is a media effect?
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agenda setting
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In 2009, NBC Nightly News anchor Brian Williams announced on the air that the conflict in Afghanistan, though not a declared war, was going to be referred to as such during the NBC broadcasts. This is a prime example of
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framing
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How do some analysts explain the media inattention to racial and ethnic minorities, the poor and those who are critical of government and business?
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the typical journalist is white, male, and affluent, there is a pervasive bias toward getting a good story in journalism
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The news media are
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representative of a broad spectrum of opinions
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The Progressive movement brought with it the dawn of ____, a form of newspaper publishing concerned with reforming government and business conduct.
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muckraking
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Television and radio are regulated by the federal government because
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the airwaves are public property
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The lion's share of the media's coverage of Congress is concentrated on
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the leadership of both houses
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Of the three branches of government, which of the following is the least media friendly?
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judicial
