Management Theory (2) Vocab – Flashcards
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Peter Drucker
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Who was the creator and inventor of modern management?
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Historical
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What management perspective includes the classical, behavioral, and quantitative viewpoints?
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Contemporary
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What management perspective includes the systems, contingency, and quality-management viewpoints?
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Classical
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Which viewpoint emphasized finding ways to manage work more efficiently and included two branches - scientific and administrative?
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Scientific Management
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Which viewpoint emphasized the scientific study of work methods to improve the productivity of individual workers?
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Scientific
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Frederick Taylor and Lillian Gilbreth were the chief proponents of which type of management?
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Administrative Management
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Which viewpoint was concerned with managing the total organization?
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Administrative
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Henri Fayol and Max Weber were the pioneering theorists of which type of management?
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Behavioral
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Which viewpoint emphasized the importance of understanding human behavior and of motivating employees toward achievement?
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Early Behaviorism
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Munsterberg, Follett, and Mayo were the pioneers of which phase of the behavioral viewpoint?
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Humman Relations Movement
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Which movement proposed that better human relations could increase worker productivity?
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Maslow and McGregor
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Who contributed the most to the Human Relations Movement?
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Theory X
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Which of McGregor's theories represents a pessimistic and negative view of workers? (Resistant to change, lack of ambition, irresponsible)
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Theory Y
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Which of McGregor's theories represents and optimistic and positive view of workers? (Accepting of responsibility, self directed, and creative)
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Behavioral Science
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What relies on scientific research for developing theories about human behavior that can be used to provide practical tools for managers?
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Quantitative Management
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What is the application to management of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations?
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Management Science and Operations Management
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What are the two branches of Quantitative Management?
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Management Science (aka Operations Research)
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What focuses on using mathematics to aid in problem solving and decision making?
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Operations Management
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What focuses on managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively?
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System
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What is a set of interrelated parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose?
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Systems Viewpoint
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What is the viewpoint that regards the organization as a system of interrelated parts?
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Subsystem
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What are the parts making up a whole system?
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Inputs, Transformational Processes, Outputs, and Feedback
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What are the 4 parts of a system?
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Inputs
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What are the people, money, information, equipment, and materials required to produce and organization's goods or services?
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Transformational Processes
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What are the organization's capabilities in management, internal processes, and technology that are applied to covering inputs into outputs?
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Outputs
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What are the products, services, profits, losses, employee satisfaction or discontent and the like that are produced by and organization?
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Feedback
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What is information about the reaction of the environment to the outputs that affects the inputs?
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Open System
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What type of system continually interacts with its environment?
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Closed System
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What type of system has little interaction with its environment?
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Closed System
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What type of system is the classical management viewpoint often considered?
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Complexity Theory
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What has the systems viewpoint led to the development of?
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Complexity Theory
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What is the study of how order and pattern arise from very complicated, apparent chaotic systems?
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Contingency Viewpoint
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Which viewpoint emphasizes that a manager's approach should vary according to the individual and the environmental situation?
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Evidence-based Management
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What type of management is translating priciples based on best evidence into organizational practice, bringing rationality to the decision-making process?
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Jeff Pfeffer and Robert Sutton
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Who were the two pioneers to Evidence-based Management?
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Quality- Management Viewpoint
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Which viewpoint includes quality control, quality assurance, and total quality management?
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Quality
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What is the total ability of a product or service to meet customer needs?
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Quality Control
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What is the strategy for minimizing errors by managing each stage of production?
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Quality Assurance
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What focuses on the performance of workers, using employees to strive for "zero defects"?
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Total Quality Management (TQM)
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What is the comprehensive approach - led by top management and supported throughout the organization- dedicated to continuous quality improvement, training, and customer satisfaction?
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Learning Organization
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What is an organization that actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself and is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge?