EXAM TEST – Flashcards
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Buyer power, supplier power, threat of substitute products or services, threat of new entrants, and rivalry among existing competitors are all included in Porter's Five Forces Model
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--->True False
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If supplier power is high, how can the supplier directly influence the industry
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Charging higher prices Limiting quality or services Shifting costs to industry participants --->All of the above
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Product differentiation occurs when a company develops completely different products than its competition is offering
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True --->False
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Supply chain management involves the management of information flows between and among stages in a supply chain to maximize total supply chain effectiveness and profitability
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--->True False
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Enterprise resource planning systems integrate all departments and functions throughout an organization into a single IT system
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--->True False
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Which of the following is an organizational result from an effective and efficient supply chain management system
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Decrease the power of its buyers Create entry barriers thereby reducing the threat of new entrants Increase efficiencies while seeking a competitive advantage through cost leadership --->All of the above
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All of the following are part of the four basic components of supply chain management, except
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Supply chain logistics Supply chain partners --->Supply chain customers Supply chain strategy
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Which of the following is not a valid way a CRM system can collect information
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--->Customer's personal computer Accounting system Inventory system Order fulfillment system
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Supply chain management is a standardized set of activities that accomplish a specific task
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True --->False
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Which of the following defines supply chain strategy
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The product delivery processes and elements including orders, warehouses, carriers, defective product returns, and invoicing The partners chosen to deliver finished products, raw materials, and services including pricing, delivery, and payment processes along with partner relationship monitoring metrics --->The strategy for managing all the resources required to meet customer demand for all products and services The schedule for production activities including testing, packaging, and preparation for delivery
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Which of the following defines supply chain operation
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The strategy for managing all the resources required to meet customer demand for all products and services The partners chosen to deliver finished products, raw materials, and services including pricing, delivery, and payment processes along with partner relationship monitoring metrics The product delivery processes and elements including orders, warehouses, carriers, defective product returns, and invoicing --->The schedule for production activities including testing, packaging, and preparation for delivery
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What is a general name for the business function and academic discipline covering the application of people, technologies, and procedures—collectively called information systems—to solve business problems
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Technology's impact on business Information Technology --->Management Information Systems Technology's role in business
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What did Thomas Friedman believe happened to the world because of the unplanned cascade of technological and social shifts
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--->The world became flat The world became more sophisticated The world became bigger The world became larger
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Which of the following is not one of Thomas Friedman's forces that flattened the world
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Wireless Netscape IPO --->Microsoft IPO Fall of the Berlin wall
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Functional areas of a business are independent and do not need to reply on each other for information
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True --->False
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What is data that has been converted into meaningful and useful context
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Business intelligence Information technology Information systems --->Information
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Almost all organizations today have an internal IT department, often called Information Technology (IT), Information Systems (IS), or Management Information Systems (MIS)
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--->True False
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The customer service function has received the greatest benefit from information technology
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--->True False
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Information is data converted into a meaningful and useful context
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--->True False
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Which of the following represents the order of priority for the three primary organizational key resources
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Information technology, people, information --->People, information, information technology Information, people, information technology Information, information technology, people
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According to Peter Drucker, what are managers who do the right things addressing
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Both efficiency and effectiveness --->Effectiveness Customer Metrics Efficiency
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Canada is ranked first in terms of egovernment efficiency IT metrics
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True --->False
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What types of security must an organization offer its customers when it provides them with the ability to purchase products over the Internet
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--->Encryption and SSL SSL and HTTP Encryption and HTTP All of the above
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What is a management system, in addition to a measurement system, that enables organizations to clarify their vision and strategy and translate them into action
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--->The balanced scorecard The balanced cycle time Porter's Three Generic Strategies Porter's Five Forces
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Break-even analysis determines the number of years to recoup the cost of an initiative based on the projected annual net cash flow
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True --->False
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Which country ranked first in terms of egovernment efficiency
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Canada --->United States Denmark Australia
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Which of the following is not a typical CRM metric
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Marketing metrics Sales metrics Service metrics --->Inventory metrics
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Efficiency focuses on the extent to which an organization is using its resources in an optimal way
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--->True False
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The most important skills for an IT excutive are technical knowledge and proficiency
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True --->False
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The chief technology officer is responsible for ensuring the throughput, speed, accuracy, availability, and reliability of an organization's information technology
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--->True False
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Which issue concerns CIOs the most
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Building new applications Outsourcing hosting Technology evaluation --->Enhancing customer satisfaction
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Broad functions of a CIO include all of the following, except
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--->Building and maintaining strong customer processes Ensuring the delivery of all IT projects, on time and within budget Building and maintaining strong executive relationships Ensuring that the strategic vision of IT is in line with the strategic vision of the organization
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What are the principles and standards that guide our behavior toward other people
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--->Ethics Copyright Pirated software Intellectual property
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What is a broad term encompassing the protection of information from accidental or intentional misuse by persons inside or outside an organization
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Copyright --->Information security Privacy Ethics
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The chief security officer is responsible for ensuring the ethical and legal use of information within an organization
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True --->False
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Who is responsible for ensuring the security of IT systems and developing strategies and IT safeguards against attacks from hackers and viruses
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CPO CTO --->CSO CIO
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Human resources management includes the policies, plans, and procedures for the effective management of employees ('human resources')
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--->True False
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What tracks and communicates changes in the shareholder's earnings
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Balance sheet --->Statement of owner's equity Income statement Statement of cash flows
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For profit corporations primarily focus on making money and all profits and losses are shared by the business owners
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--->True False
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What is a hybrid entity that has the legal protections of a corporation and the ability to be taxed (one time) as a partnership
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--->Limited liability corporation Limited partnership Limited shareholder Limited proprietorship
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What is an asset
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--->Anything owned that has value or earning power Refers to the costs incurred in operating and maintaining a business Refers to the amount earned resulting from the delivery or manufacture of a product or from the rendering of a service A distribution of earnings to shareholders
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What involves analyzing business operations for internal decision making and does not have to follow any rules issued by standard-setting bodies such as GAAP
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Financial accounting Accounting Bookkeeping --->Managerial accounting
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A profit occurs when businesses sell products or services for less then they cost to produce
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True --->False
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Partnership agreements typically include all of the following, except
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Methods for conflict resolution Expectations for sharing profits and losses Partner's salary requirements --->Shareholder's expectations for a successful business
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What encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit of work, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of daily operational tasks
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Analytical information Timeliness Quality --->Transactional information
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What are the different types of information
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Levels, forms, granularities Data, formats, granularities --->Levels, formats, granularities Levels, forms, data
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Reports for each sales person, product, and part are examples of detail or fine information granularities
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--->True False
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Which of the following represents the different information formats
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Individual, department, enterprise Detail, summary, aggregate --->Document, presentation, spreadsheet, database None of the above
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The completeness characteristic of high-quality information ensures that there are no missing data values
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--->True False
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Which of the following represents the different information granularities
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--->Detail, summary, aggregate Document, presentation, spreadsheet, database Individual, department, enterprise None of the above
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Which of the following represents the different information levels
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Detail, summary, aggregate Document, presentation, spreadsheet, database --->Individual, department, enterprise None of the above
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What encompasses all organizational information and its primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks
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Quality Transactional information Timeliness --->Analytical information
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Timely information must be up-to-the-second to be accurate
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True --->False
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What is one of the biggest pitfalls associated with real-time information
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It is only available to high-level executives due to the expense: It rarely changes --->It continually changes: It is only available in aggregate levels of granularity:
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Which of the following is a characteristic of information
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Type (Transactional & Analytical) Timeliness Quality --->All of the above
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The uniqueness characteristic of high-quality information ensures that all the values are correct
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True --->False
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What is a technique used to divide an information set into mutually exclusive groups such that the members of each group are as close together as possible to one another and the different groups are as far apart as possible
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--->Cluster analysis Association detection Intelligent agent Market basket analysis
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Which type of BI achieves long-term organizational goals
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Operational BI Tactical BI --->Strategic BI All of the above
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What types of BI decisions include forecasting levels of bad loans and fraudulent credit card use, credit card spending by new customers, and which kinds of customers will best respond to new loan offers
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Retail and sales BI decisions --->Banking BI decisions Operations management BI decisions Insurance BI decisions
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The three forms of BI include operational, tactical, and value-added
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True --->False
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Improving the quality of business decisions has a direct impact on costs and revenue
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--->True False
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Which form of BI uses the time frame of days to weeks to months
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Operational BI --->Tactical BI Strategic BI All of the above
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What are forecasts
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--->Predictions made on the basis of time-series information Time-stamped information collected at a particular frequency Reveals the degree to which variables are related All of the above
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Which type of BI benefits are the results of discoveries made by creative users
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--->Unpredictable benefits Indirectly quantifiable benefits Quantifiable benefits Intangible benefits
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Data is a strategic asset for a business and if the asset is not used the business is wasting resources
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--->True False
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What is time-series information
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Analyzes checkout scanner information --->Time-stamped information collected at a particular frequency Reveals the degree to which variables are related All of the above
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Quantifiable benefits, indirectly quantifiable benefits, unpredictable benefits, and intangible benefits are the four primary categories of BI benefits
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--->True False
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What is the primary problem most organizations face today concerning information
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Data poor, information rich --->Data rich, information poor Business intelligence poor, information rich Business intelligence rich, information rich
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Which form of BI has managers and analysts as its primary users
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--->Operational BI Tactical BI Strategic BI All of the above
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Ideally, an organization only wants to build forward integrations
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True --->False
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In the relational database model, what are characteristics or properties of an entity
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Entity Logical view Physical view --->Attribute
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What is an interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers through the use of a database
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Customer-driven website Data-driven database --->Data-driven website Customer-driven database
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Relational integrity constraints are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints
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--->True False
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In the relational database model, what is a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored
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Logical view --->Entity Physical view Attribute
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Why do relational databases use primary keys and foreign keys
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--->To create logical relationships To create a database To create physical relationships All of the above
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What is a foreign key
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--->A primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship among the two tables A field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table A field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given attribute in a table Characteristics or properties of an entity
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What are the rules that help ensure the quality of information
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--->Integrity constraints Relational integrity constraints Business-critical integrity constraints Information integrity
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A data-driven website is an interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers through the use of a database
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--->True False
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What is a primary key
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A primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship among the two tables Characteristics or properties of an entity A field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given attribute in a table --->A field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table
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All of the following are advantages of database-stored information, except
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Increased flexibility Increased performance Increased information integrity --->Increased information redundancy
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A central repository does not allow information to be integrated across multiple systems
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True --->False
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The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to perform transactional processes
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True --->False
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What is a dimension
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A particular single repository: A particular entity of information: A particular relational database: --->A particular attribute of information:
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Achieving perfect information is almost impossible
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The more complete and accurate an organization wants its information to be, the more it costs:Which two variables are used to determine the trade-off for perfect information: Accuracy versus complexity --->Accuracy versus completeness Accessibility versus completeness Accessibility versus complexity
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Business intelligence (BI) refers to applications and technologies that are used to gather, provide access to, and analyze data and information to support decision-making efforts
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--->True False
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With careful planning, % complete and accurate information is possible
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True --->False
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What is the primary purpose of a data warehouse
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To aggregate information throughout an organization into multiple repositories in such a way that employees can make decisions and undertake business analysis activities: To disaggregate information throughout an organization into multiple repositories in such a way that employees can make decisions and undertake business analysis activities: --->To aggregate information throughout an organization into a single repository in such a way that employees can make decisions and undertake business analysis activities: To disaggregate information throughout an organization into a single repository in such a way that employees can make decisions and undertake business analysis activities:
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A relational database contains information in a series of two-dimensional tables
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How is data contained in a data warehouse and data mart: Information is multidimensional, meaning it contains a single layer data in a table format: Information is two-dimensional, meaning it contains a single layer data in a table format: --->Information is multidimensional, meaning it contains layers of columns and rows: Information is two-dimensional, meaning it contains layers of columns and rows:
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When does information cleansing occur in the data warehouse
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During the ETL process --->During the ETL process and once it is in the data warehouse On the information, once it is in the data warehouse During the ETL process and before it is in the data warehouse
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Information cleansing or scrubbing is the process that weeds out and fixes or discards inconsistent, incorrect, or incomplete information
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--->True False
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Which of the following statements is true
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--->The more complete and accurate an organization wants to get its information, the more it costs The less accurate an organization wants to get its information, the more it costs The more accurate an organization wants to get its information, the less it costs The more complete an organization wants to get its information, the less it costs
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A dimension is a particular attribute of information
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Each layer in a data warehouse or data mart represents information according to an additional dimension:What is the common term for the representation of multidimensional information: Table Block --->Cube All of the above
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Which of the following is one of the principle BI enablers
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Technology, processes, and corporate culture --->Technology, people, and corporate culture Technology, people, and customer culture Technology, processes, and customer culture
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What is data mining
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--->The process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone A particular attribute of information The common term for the representation of multidimensional information Uses a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information and infer rules from them that predict future behavior and guide decision making
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What is a project
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Represents key dates when a certain group of activities must be performed Any measurable, tangible, verifiable outcome, result, or item that is produced to complete a project or part of a project --->temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities in order to meet or exceed stakeholder needs and expectations from a project
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What are the three primary variables (or triple constraints) in any project
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Time, cost, expense Time, cost, quality Time, expense, requirements --->Time, cost, scope
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What are project deliverables
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--->Any measurable, tangible, verifiable outcome, result, or item that is produced to complete a project or part of a project The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities in order to meet or exceed stakeholder needs and expectations from a project A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or service Represent key dates when a certain group of activities must be performed
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What is any measurable, tangible, verifiable coutcome, result or tiem that is produced to complete a project or part of a project
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--->Project deliverable Project management Project None of the above
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What is an internal department that oversees all organizational projects
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Project Milestone Institute Project Management Institute --->Project Management Office All of the above
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What is the number one reason that IT projects fall behind schedule or fail
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--->Poor planning or poor project management Change in business goals during the project Change in technology during the project Lack of support from business management
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What is a project milestone
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An internal department that oversees all organizational projects: Measurable, tangible, verifiable outcome, result, or item that is produced to complete a project or part of a project: --->Represent key dates when a certain group of activities must be performed: An individual who is an expert in project planning and management, defines and develops the project plan, and tracks the plan to ensure the project is completed on time and on budget:
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Most business managers are also good project managers
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True --->False
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The project management institute develops procedures and concepts necessary to support the profession of project management
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--->True False
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What is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result
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Project deliverable Project management PMO --->Project
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A project is an ongoing endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or service
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True --->False
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What is a simple bar chart that depicts project tasks against a calendar
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--->Gantt chart PERT chart Dependency All of the above
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What is the most important part of the project plan
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Gantt chart Specification --->Communication None of the above
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Who are individuals and organizations actively involved in the project or whose interests might be affected as a result of project execution or project completion
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Project manager --->Project stakeholders Executive sponsor All of the above
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What do SMART criteria for successful objective creation include
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Specific, metrics, agreed upon, realistic, time framed --->Specific, measurable, agreed upon, realistic, time framed Specific, measurable, accurate, real, time valued Specific, metrics, agreed upon, real, time valued
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What is a graphical network model that depicts a project's tasks and the relationships between those tasks
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Gantt chart --->PERT chart Dependency All of the above
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A project plan should include a "kill switch" or a trigger that enables a project manager to close the project prior to completion
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--->True False
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What is the critical path
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--->The path from start to finish that passes through all the tasks that are critical to completing the project in the shortest amount of time The path from resource to task that passes through all critical components of a project plan The path from start to finish that passes through all the tasks that are critical to completing the project in the longest amount of time The path between tasks to the projects finish that passes through all critical components of a project plan
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What is the logical relationship that exists between the project tasks, or between a project task and a milestone
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Task --->Dependency Resource Activity
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of a well-defined project plan
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Communicated to all key participants --->Prepared by the project manager Appropriate to the project's size Easy to read
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What is a special-purpose knowledge-based information system that accomplishes specific tasks on behalf of its users
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--->Intelligent agent Neural network Intelligent systems Artificial intelligence
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What is consolidation
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Enables users to get details, and details of details, of information Finds the inputs necessary to achieve a goal such as a desired level of output --->Involves the aggregation of information and features simple roll-ups to complex groupings of interrelated information The ability to look at information from different perspectives
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What is drill-down capability
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--->Enables users to get details, and details of details, of information The ability to look at information from different perspectives Involves the aggregation of information and features simple roll-ups to complex groupings of interrelated information Finds the inputs necessary to achieve a goal such as a desired level of output
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What is slice-and-dice capability
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--->The ability to look at information from different perspectives Enables users to get details, and details of details, of information Involves the aggregation of information and features simple roll-ups to complex groupings of interrelated information Finds the inputs necessary to achieve a goal such as a desired level of output
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The ultimate goal of AI is the ability to build a system that can mimic human intelligence
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--->True False
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A Decision Support System typically relies on external soruces of information while an Executive Information System does not
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True --->False
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What integrates information from multiple components and tailors the information to individual preferences
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Sensitivity analysis Drill-down What-if analysis --->Digital dashboards
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Which of the following is the most commonly used form of AI in the business arena
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--->Expert system Artificial intelligence Intelligent system Neural network
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Consolidation, drill-down, and slice-and-dice are the three most common capabilities offered in an EIS
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--->True False
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Which of the following is not a reason for the growth of decision-making information systems
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--->People no longer have to worry about protecting the corporate asset of organizational information People need to analyze large amounts of information People must apply sophisticated analysis techniques to make good decisions People must make decisions quickly
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Which of the following is a quantitative model typically used by a DSS
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Sensitivity analysis What-if analysis Goal-seeking analysis --->All of the above
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An executive information system is a specialized DSS that supports senior level executives within the organization
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--->True False
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What can a model accomplish
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Calculate risks Understand uncertainty Manipulate time --->All of the above
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A shopping bot is one of the simplest examples of an intelligent agent
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--->True False
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What is a category of AI that attempts to emulate the way the human brain works
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Artificial intelligence Intelligent system Expert systems --->Neural network
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Which phase describes the desired features and operations of the system including screen layouts, business rules, process diagrams, pseudo code, and other documentation
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Development phase Analysis phase --->Design phase Testing phase
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What are the detailed steps the system must perform along with the expected results of each step
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COTS JAD --->Test conditions Technical architecture
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What contains the final set of business requirements, prioritized in order of business importance
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--->Requirements definition document Technical architecture Business requirement JAD session
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Which of the following is not a type of feasibility study
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Operational feasibility study --->Critical success factor feasibility study Technical feasibility study Legal and contractual feasibility study
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Provide training for the system users typically occurs during the testing phase
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True --->False
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Which of the following is not a key factor an organization should consider when contemplating the buy vs
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build decision: Corporate core competencies --->Availability of CASE tools Availability of corporate resources Time to market
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What represents a session where employees meet, sometimes for several days, to define or review the business requirements for the system
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Sign-off Business requirement --->JAD session Requirements definition document
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Parallel implementation uses both the old and new systems until it is evident that the new system performs correctly
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--->True False
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What is COTS
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Illustrates the movement of information between external entities and the processes and data stores within the system --->A software package or solution that is purchased to support one or more business functions and information systems Involves graphically representing the processes that capture, manipulate, store, and distribute information between a system and its environment Software suites that automate systems analysis, design, and development
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Which of the following is a performed by a CCB
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A group of people who respond to internal system user questions Making changes to repair system defects Includes a collection of procedures to document a change request and define the steps necessary to consider the change based on the expected impact of the change --->Responsible for approving or rejecting all change requests
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What is one of the most common reasons why systems development projects fail
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--->Unclear or missing business requirements Lack of JAD sessions Purchasing COTS All of the above
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Which phase takes all of the detailed design documents from the design phase and transforming them into the actual system
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Design phase --->Development phase Analysis phase Testing phase
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In which phase is it most expensive to make a system change
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Design Development --->Testing Planning
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What is process modeling
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Illustrates the movement of information between external entities and the processes and data stores within the system Software suites that automate systems analysis, design, and development --->Involves graphically representing the processes that capture, manipulate, store, and distribute information between a system and its environment None of the above
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Which of the following is not performed during the implementation phase
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Determine implementation method Write detailed user documentation Provide training for the system users --->Write detailed business requirements
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What is an arrangement by which one organization provides a service or services for another organization that chooses not to perform them in-house
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--->Outsourcing Offshore outsourcing Insourcing Business process outsourcing
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Which of the following is a benefit an organization can receive from outsourcing
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Reduced operating expenses Access to advanced technologies Reduced time to market for products or services --->All of the above
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Which of the following is the primary reason why companies outsource
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Reduce costs --->Tap outside sources of expertise Eliminate the need to reinvest in technology Reduce head count
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Human resources is the most common outsourced function
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True --->False
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Which of the following are the influential driver(s) affecting the growth of outsourcing markets
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Core competencies Rapid growth Industry changes --->All of the above
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Which of the following is the most commonly outsourced service
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Human Resources Facilities Management Finance and Accounting --->Information Technology
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What is engaging another company within the same country for services
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Offshore outsourcing Nearshore outsourcing Insourcing --->Onshore outsourcing
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Globalization is an influential driver affecting the growth of outsourcing
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--->True False
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Which of the following is the least common function outsourced
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--->Marketing/sales Finance and Accounting Human Resources Information Technology
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What is using organizations from developing countries to write code and develop systems
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Insourcing Nearshore outsourcing Onshore outsourcing --->Offshore outsourcing
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Offshore outsourcing is using organizations from developing countries to write code and develop systems
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--->True False
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Which of the following is the most uncommon reason why companies outsource
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--->Better manage the costs of internal processes Reduce headcount and related expenses Concentrate resources on core business Tap outside sources of expertise
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Reducing costs in the primary reason that companies outsource services
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True --->False
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What is contracting an outsourcing arrangement with a company in a nearby country
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Offshore outsourcing Onshore outsourcing Insourcing --->Nearshore outsourcing
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All of the following are challenges of outsourcing, except
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--->Quality Confidentiality Competitive edge Contract length
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Outsourcing is a common approach using the professional expertise within an organization to develop and maintain the organization's information technology systems
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True --->False
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Insourcing is an arrangement by which one organization provides a service or services for another organization that chooses not to perform them in-house
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True --->False
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Companies that outsource services reduce their costs but still grow at the same pace of companies that do not outsource
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True --->False
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What is a common approach using the professional expertise within an organization to develop and maintain the organization's information technology systems
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Offshore outsourcing Business process outsourcing --->Insourcing Outsourcing
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Which of the following is an outsourcing challenge caused by contract length
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Difficulties in getting out of a contract Problems in foreseeing future issues Problems in reforming an internal IT department --->All of the above
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Which of the following is the best security practice used today
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--->Virus protection Network firewalls User passwords None of the above
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Which of the following is not one of the primary information technology areas where organizations are focusing
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Integration --->Database Security IT infrastructure
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What is a technique for identifying and tracking assets and individuals via technologies such as RFID and smart cards
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Telematics --->Electronic tagging Mobile commerce None of the above
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IT infrastructure, security, e-business, and integrations are the four primary information technology areas where organizations are focusing
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--->True False
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What is the blending of computers and wireless telecommunications technologies with the goal of efficiently conveying information over vast networks to improve business operations
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--->Telematics Electronic tagging Mobile commerce Radio frequency identification
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What is the ability to purchase goods and services through a wireless Internet-enabled device
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Electronic tagging --->Mobile commerce Telematics None of the above
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Which of the following is one of the new series of business success factors that are helping to determine marketplace winners
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Organization agility A focus on core competencies Instantaneous business response --->All of the above
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The barriers to mobile employees adopting wireless communication still largely outweigh the benefits
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True --->False
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Which of the following was the original design for the Internet
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E-mail Document exchange Display of static content --->All of the above
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Which company is a leader in the transformation of the broadcasting industry
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UPS Cisco --->PBS Sony
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Decisions in IT investments play critical role in business success
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--->True False
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The IT infrastructure is the hardware, software, and telecommunications equipment that, when combined, provide the underlying foundation to support the organization's goals
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--->True False
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Which of the following is a benefit a business can receive by deploying the latest in security technology
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Fewer disruptions to organizational systems Increased productivity of employees Greater advances in administration --->All of the above
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Which of the following is one of the st century organizational trends on the business side
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Uncertainty in terms of future business scenarios and economic outlooks Emphasis on strategic analysis for cost reduction and productivity enhancement Focus on improved business resiliency via the application of enhanced security --->All of the above
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Which of the following is a reason why businesses want to have the appropriate levels of authentication, access control, and encryption
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Only authorized individuals can access applications for which they are entitled: Only authorized individuals can gain access to the network: Individuals cannot understand or alter information while in transit: --->All of the above
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There reminds a sharp distinction between IT and business roles in an organization
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True --->False
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Where is the position of IT infrastructure within the organization
answer
Top Middle --->Bottom Depends on the company as to the position of the IT infrastructure
question
Which company was the victim of a distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack that forced the company to close operations and to eventually transfer over , customers to a rival organization
answer
The Gap Marks & Spencer --->CloudNine Communications Public Broadcasting Service
question
Core business relationships and models are dramatically changing, including shifts from which of the following
answer
Customer-centricity to product-centricity Mass customization to mass production --->The value in material things to the value of knowledge and intelligence All of the above
question
What uses active or passive tags in the form of chips or smart labels
answer
Electronic tagging --->Radio frequency identification Telematics Mobile commerce
