Chapter 7 US History I – Flashcards
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How do regional economies create differences?
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North, South and West of the USA have different economies. South & West are farming; North is industrial.
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Sam Slater
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A 21 year old Brit who wanted to become an economical leader. He smuggled himself into America. He kept all the plans for success in his head and invents the factory system.
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The Factory System
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Machines and people in the same room
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Division of Labor
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The specialization of cooperating individuals who perform specific tasks and roles. (one man, one job)
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Mass Production
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Create large qualities at lower prices.
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Eli Whitney
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The inventor of the cotton gin
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Function of the Cotton Gin
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Separates seeds from the cotton instead of making a person do it. This machine will create the process literally 50 times easier.
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Interchangeable Parts
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Parts of a whole which can be fixed or replaced.
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How did the cotton gin affect the population of slaves?
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The cotton gin makes owners buy more fields therefore, making U.S have millions of more slaves to process more cotton.
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Tariff of 1816
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The tax on goods coming into the country for example tobacco and cotton.
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How does the Tariff of 1816 help the US economy?
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Helps the Northern Businesses, they sell things at high prices since they are costly to make. Since Britain had been making things for a longer time, their same items would be sold at a lower price in more abundance. Because of this, US put taxes on Britain's products.
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Who gets re-elected in the Election of 1828?
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Andrew Jackson
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Andrew Jackson is known as?
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United State's first democratic president- "people's president"
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Spoils System
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Rewarding your supporters by giving them positions in the cabinet. Jackson's closest friends made up his cabinet.
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Why was Jackson's Spoils System a problem?
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Many of the cabinet members were not qualified to hold positions as government officials.
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Kitchen Cabinet
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When Jackson's friends/Cabinet would conduct secret meetings to talk about presidential plans.
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Indian Removal Act of 1830
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"Safe" movement of Indians to present day Oklahoma.
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Tariff of Abominations
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Also called Tariff of 1828. It raised the tariff on imported manufactured goods. The tariff protected the North but harmed the South;
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Why didn't the South like the Tariff of Abominations?
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South felt that the taxes were unfair, excessive, and targeted their region of the country. South said that the tariff was economically discriminatory and unconstitutional because it violated state's rights.
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What options did the South have in dealing with the Tariff?
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The south had to either import finished goods from Europe (primarily Britain) or buy goods made in the North.
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John C. Calhoun
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Andrew Jackson's VP during his first term in office. Calhoun was a farmer from the South who was against the Tariff. He feels so strongly against the Tariff of 1828 (abominations) that he relinquishes his title for VP.
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What caused Calhoun to anger Jackson?
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Calhoun wrote an essay criticizing the negative effects of the Tariff of 1828. This caused the South to rebel against Jackson; Jackson wanted to hang Calhoun because of this.
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Nullification Act
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act passed by South Carolina that declared the 1832 tariff illegal.
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Force Bill
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Bill that makes it legal for the US to use military force to make states follow the tariff.
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What does the force bill show about Jackson?
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The force bill shows the authority of Jackson and his country.
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Bank Crisis
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Congress wished to renew the legislation that allowed the national bank to exist. Jackson vetoed the bill and let the Second National Bank dissolve into smaller state banks.
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President during the crisis
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Van Buren
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William H. Harrison
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"Hero" of Tippecanoe, defeated Tecumseh and killed off his tribe
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Log Cabin Campaign
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Advertised himself as a poor, self-made man to appeal to people, however, he was born rich.
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Shortest presidential term in history is held by
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William H. Harrison
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William H. Harrison died of
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Pneumonia
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John Tyler
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First ever VP to succeed as president following the death of William H. Harrison
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Henry Clay
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Told people not to vote for Jackson in order for Adams to win.
