AP World History CH 13 – Flashcards
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Taika reforms
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Attempt to remake the Japanese monarch into an absolutist Chinesestyle emperor; included attempts to create professional bureaucracy and peasant conscript army.
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Heian
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Japanese city later called Kyoto; built to escape influence of Buddhist monks
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Tale of Genji
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Written by Lady Murasaki; first novel in any language; evidence for mannered style of Japanese society
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Fujiwara
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Mid-9th-century Japanese aristocratic family; exercised exceptional influence over imperial affairs; aided in decline of imperial power.
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Bushi
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Regional warrior leaders in Japan; ruled small kingdoms from fortresses; administered the law, supervised public works projects, and collected revenues; built up private armies
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Samurai
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Mounted troops of the bushi; loyal to local lords, not the emperor
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Seppuku
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Ritual suicide in Japan; also known as hari-kiri; demonstrated courage and was a means to restore family honor
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Bakufu
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Military government established by the Minamoto after the Gumpei Wars; centered at Kamakura; retained emperor, but real power resided in military government and samurai.
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Shoguns
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Military leaders of the bakufu
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Hojo
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A warrior family closely allied with the Minamoto; dominated the Kamakura regime and manipulated Minamoto rulers; ruled in name of emperor
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Ashikaga Takuaji
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Member of Minamoto family; overthrew Kamakura regime and established Ashikaga Shogunate (1336-1573); drove emperor from Kyoto to Yoshino
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Daimyo
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Warlord rulers of small states following Onin War and disruption of Ashikaga Shogunate; holdings consolidated into unified and bounded ministates.
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Choson
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Earliest Korean kingdom; conquered by the Han in 109 B.C.E
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Sinification
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Extensive adaptation of Chinese culture in other regions
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Silla
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Korean kingdom in the Southeast; became a vassal of the Tang and paid tribute; ruled Korea from 668
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Yi
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Korean dynasty (1392-1910); succeeded Koryo dynasty after Mongol invasions; restored aristocratic dominance and Chinese influence
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Trung sisters
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Leaders of a rebellion in Vietnam against Chinese rule in 39 C.E.; demonstrates importance of women in Vietnamese society
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Khmers and Chams
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Indianized Vietnamese peoples defeated by Northern government at Hanoi.
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Nguyen
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Southern Vietnamese dynasty with capital at Hue that challenged northern Trinh dynasty with center at Hanoi
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Kami:
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Nature spirits of Japan
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Fujiwara
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Japanese aristocratic family in mid-9th century; exercised exceptional influence over imperial affairs; aided in decline of imperial power
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Minamoto
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Defeated the rival Taira family in Gempei Wars and established military government in 12th-century Japan
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Tribute system
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System in which people surrounding China sent emissaries who offered tribute to the Chinese emperor and acknowledged the superiority of the emperor and China.
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Trinh
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Dynasty that ruled in north Vietnam at Hanoi, 1533 to 1772; rivals of Nguyen family in South
