Give Me Liberty Chapter 15 – Flashcards

was a purported informal, unwritten deal that settled the intensely disputed 1876 U.S. presidential election, pulled federal troops out of state politics in the South, and ended the Reconstruction Era.

Conservative White democrats, many of them planters of businessmen, who reclaimed control of the south following the end of reconstruction.

Application of Charles Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection to society; used the concept of "survival of the fittest" to justify class distinctions and to explain poverty.

Founded in 1869, the first national union lasted, under the leadership of Terence V. Powderly, only into the 1890's; supplanted by the American Federation of Labor

Was a naval officer, who argued that no nation could prosper without a large fleet of ships engaged in international trade, protected by a powerful navy operating from overseas bases.

Supreme Court decision in 1886 overturning San Francisco law that, as enforced, discriminated against Chinese-owned laundries; established principle that equal protection of the law embodied in fourteenth amendment applied to all Americans, not just former slaves.

Reacting to the US supreme courts ruling in Wabash Railroad v. Illinois (1886), Congress established the ICC to curb abuses in the railroad industry by regulating rates.

The 15th Amendment to the constitution granted African American men the right to vote by declaring that the "right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

of 1873 butchers excluded from a state-sponsored monopoly in Louisiana, went to court claiming that there right to equality before the law guaranteed by the fourteenth amendment had been violated.

Reconstruction Agency Established in 1865 to protect the legal rights of former slaves and to assist with their education, jobs, healthcare, and landowning.

Guaranteed rights of citizenship to former slaves, in words similar to those of the Civil Rights Act of 1886.

Founded in 1870 by John D. Rockefeller in Cleveland, Ohio, it soon grew into the nations first industry dominating trust; the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) was enacted in part to combat abuses by standard oil.

Preached by liberal protestant clergy men in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries; advocated the application of Christian principles to social problems generated by industrialization.

Battleship that exploded in Havanna Harbor on February 15th 1898, resulting in 266 deaths; the American public, assuming that the Spanish had mined the ship, clamored for war, and the Spanish-American war was declared 2 months later.

United writers and social reformers who believed American energies should be directed at home, businessmen fearful of the cost of maintaining overseas outposts, and racists who did not wish to bring non-white populations into the United States

The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 was the angry response of railroad workers to wage reductions, job cuts, and the profiteering by the huge railroad corporations that had risen to dominance after the Civil war.

Laws passed in southern states to restrict the rights of former slaves; to nullify the codes, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1886 and the 14th Amendment.

Law passed in 1887 meant to encourage adoption of white norms among Indians; broke up tribal holdings into small farms for Indian families, with the remainder sold to white purchasers.

US supreme court decision supporting the legality of Jim Crow laws that permitted or required "separate but equal" facilities for blacks and whites.

Also known as populists did not just appeal to farmers but it sought to speak for all the producing classes and achieved some of its greatest successes in states like Colorado and Idaho, where it won the support of minors and industrial workers.

1. Reconstructed South 2. Emancipated Blacks 3. Opportunity for Advancement as northern workers 4. Labor more productively 5. Own Land 6. Desired Education 7. Political Freedom 8. Freedom to vote

1. Lincoln wanted to reunify the north and south 2. 10 percent plan for a southern state to be readmitted into the union once 10% of voters swore an oath of allegiance 3. Johnson believed African Americans had no role to play in reconstruction 4. Johnson granted free hand and local affairs 5. North turned against Johnson due to how he handled the southern governments

1. Outbusts of political organization 2. Action to remedy long standing grievances 3. Union league aided blacks in public sphere 4. Union had been restored 5. Southern states held public majorities 6. 2000 african americans occupied public offices, 14 in the house of reps, 2 in senate 7. Carpetbaggers who were northerners held office in the south. 8. Established the south's first state supported public schools. 9. new government Pioneered civil rights legislation 10. Republicans took steps to strengthen the position of rural laborers and promote the souths economic recovery

1. High unemployment 2. hard currency scarce 3. Northerners more concerned about there own financial well being 4. Democrats capitalized on depressed conditions and took control of house of reps to stall reconstruction