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The Renaissance in Italy

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The Renaissance that began in Italy was characterized by an interest in learning and the arts and a desire to explore the human experience.

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humanism

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A Renaissance intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements

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humanities

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education focusing on subjects such as grammar, rhetoric (the study of using language effectively), poetry, and history

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Michelangelo Buonarroti-

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sculptor, engineer, painter, architect and poet. He sculpted David and The Pieta and he painted the huge murals in the Sistine Chapel in Rome. He designed the dome in St. Peter's Cathedral in the Vatican

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David (sculpture)

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Michelangelo

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The Pieta (sculpture)

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Michelangeo

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perspective-

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artistic technique used to give paintings and drawings three dimensional effect. Renaissance painters used it to create realistic landscapes and portraits.

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Raphael-

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studied the work of the masters but developed his own style. He painted the Madonna and the School of Athens

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Cosimo de Medici-

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he gained control of the Florentine government in 1434; the Medici family was a rich and powerful banking and commercial force. Cosimo gained control of Florence's government in 1434.

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Lorenzo de Medici

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Grandson of Cosimo - Lorenzo was known as \"the magnificent\" was the Renaissance ideal. He was a politician and patron, (financial supporter of the arts) which gave Florence energy and brilliance.

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Petrarch-

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an early renaissance humanist, poet, & scholar from Florence who lived in the 1300s

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Patron-

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financial supporter of the arts

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Florence-

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Italian city; home of the Medici family who transformed the city

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Baldassare Castiglione

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wrote The Book of the Courtier, a widely read hand book that espoused education, manners, and mastery of poetry, music, sports, and others activities. He did have different ideals for men and women courtiers.

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The Book of the Courtier

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Castiglione

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Leon Alberti

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Italian Renaissance Architect who described architecture as a \"social art,\" (meant to blend beauty with utility and improvement of society)

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Filippo Brunelleschi

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Italian Renaissance Architect who designed a cathedral in Florence made like a majestic dome, which he modeled on the dome of the Pantheon in Rome. Like other Renaissance artists, Brunelleschi was multi-talented. He studied art and sculpture with Donatello and was an accomplished engineer, inventing many of the machines used to construct his dome.

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Leonardo da Vinci

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Artist, inventor, architect, engineer, genius who painted the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper

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The Mona Lisa (painting)

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Leonardo da Vinci

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The Last Supper (painting)

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Leonardo da Vinci

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Niccolo Machiavelli

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Wrote The Prince about ruthless power politics: the ends justify the means. He wrote a guide book explaining how to gain and maintain power. His book The Prince stressed that the ends justified the means and encouraged rulers to use whatever methods were necessary to achieve their goals.

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Differences of Renaissance ( R ) art from art in the Middle Ages (MA) • R and MA art both used _______ themes, but Renaissance put religious figures in _______ and ______ backgrounds. • Portraits were popular because they reflected __________ and individual achievement. • R artists studied ________ and _______ works and revived many classical forms. • ________ art was stylized but ______ art returned to realism. • R painters used _______ to make subjects more real. • MA architecture was __________; R architecture has columns, arches and domes.

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• R and MA art both used religious themes, but Renaissance put religious figures in Greek and Roman backgrounds. • Portraits were popular because they reflected humanism and individual achievement. • R artists studied Greek and Roman works and revived many classical forms. • MA art was stylized but R art returned to realism. • R painters used shading to make subjects more real. • MA architecture was gothic; R architecture has columns, arches and domes.

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A financial supporter of the arts is called a

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patron

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The rich Medici family was from the Italy city of

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Florence

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Who wrote a guide to rulers on how to gain and maintain power?

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Machiavelli

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Who created the Pieta and painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome

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Michaelangelo

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The rules of ______ helped Renaissance painters to create realistic art.

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perspective

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Which Florentine master dissected corpses to learn how bones and muscles work?

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Leonardo da Vinci

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The Renaissance, which lasted from the 1300s to the 1500s, was a period of

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creativity and change in Europe

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Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?

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Renaissance thinkers were interested in the learning and art of ancient Rome.

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What new technique allowed objects in art to look rounded and real?

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shading

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What was the difference between Machiavelli's approach to leadership and Plato's approach?

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Machiavelli did not discuss leadership in terms of high ideals.

WH Chapter 13:1

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