American Government Unit 2 Review Guide
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political party
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group of people with broad common interests who organize to win elections, control government, there by influencing government policies. (Democratic, republican, Bull Moose, Liberation)
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theocracy
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government based on religion
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ideologies
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set of basic beliefs about life, culture, government, and society
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coalition government
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one formed by several parties who combined forces to obtain a majority
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third party
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any political party other than one of the two major parties
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single-member district
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electoral district in which only one candidate is elected to each office
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proportional representation
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system in which several officials are elected to represent the same area in proportion to the votes each party's candidate recieves
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campaign manager
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person responsible for the overall strategy and planning of a campaign
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image
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mental picture
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political action committee(PAC)
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organization formed to collect money and provide financial support for political candidates
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soft money
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money raised by a political party for general purposes, not designated for a candidate
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Federal Election Commission
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rulings on how election laws apply to the internet
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canvas
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vote count by the official body that tabulates election returns and certifies winners
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register
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enroll one's name with the appropriate local government in order to participate in elections
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polling place
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designated area to vote
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precinct
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voting district
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office-group ballot
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one that lists the candidates together by the office for which they are running
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ticket splitting
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voting for candidates from different parties for different offices
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party-column ballot
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one that lists each party's candidates in a column under the party's name
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canvassing board
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official body that counts votes and certifies winners
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absentee ballot
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one that allows a person to vote without going to the polls on Election Day
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straight-party ticket
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one in which a voter has selected candidates of his or her party only
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cross-pressured voter
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one who is caught between conflicting elements in his or her own life
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propoganda
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use of ideas, information, or rumors to influence opinion
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patronage
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practice of granting favors to reward party loyalty
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6 functions of political parties
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Recruiting Candidates Educating the Public Operating the Government Dispensing Patronage Loyal Opposition Reduction of Conflict
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Political Ideologies
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Liberal- change Moderate- middle Conservative- traditional
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Reasons for not voting
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Don't meet state voting requirements Feel their vote won't matter Don't know how Schedule/conflicts Off-year election Apathy Transient Society Negative feelings about government Education level/interests Age No important issues
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Influences on government
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Personal Background Loyalty to a Political Party Issues in the Campaign Image of the Candidate Propaganda
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suffrage
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right to vote
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voting qualifications
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Citizen of the U.S. At least 18 years old Not convicted felon or legally insane
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Amendment 15
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right to vote to all men regardless of race
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Grandfather Clause
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if past relatives voted, then you can
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poll taxes
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pay to vote
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literacy test
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must pass reading test to vote
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Amendment 19
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Women get the right vote
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Amendment 24
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Abolish poll tax
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Amendment 26
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Changing voting age from 21 to 18
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Voting Rights Act of 1965
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allowed federal government to register voters in any district Forbid unfair division of election districts Appointed poll watchers to ensure all votes are qualified voters were properly counted Literacy tests were abolished
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Electoral College System
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used for electing. total of 538 points. need 270 to win
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caucus
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Democratic and Republican go to meetings with their neighbors to support a certain candidate (Iowa is the first to have this)
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primary election
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vote for democratic and republican candidates. open- non-party members can vote. closed- only party members can vote
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petition
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written request to be placed on ballot. Requires a certain number of voter signatures
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nominating concerntion
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official public meeting of a party to choose candidates for office
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self-nomination
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candidates allowed to nominate themselves
