RBT test prep
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To help establish Functional Relationships, you should do which things?
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Perform preference assessments and allow the child to choose the task/activity.
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True or False: Both Discrete Trial Instruction and Naturalistic Teaching Strategies are ESTABLISHED treatments for developmental disorders.
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True
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When teaching a new skill you should
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Use multiple stimuli
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When certain parts of the environment impact our response, this is said to have _____________over our responses.
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stimulus control
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Which of the following IS a benefit of NaTS?
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Teaches when and how to use skills
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Something you can do to prevent the student from losing motivation in Naturalistic Teaching is...
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change activities at a pace that is just slightly faster than the learner is losing interest in them in following teaching sessions.
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Which of the following methods are based on the principles of ABA?
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Both DTI and NaTS
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The basic assumptions of Naturalistic Teaching Strategies are all of the following EXCEPT...
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behavior should always be taught in a contrived environment, such as a classroom before it is taken into the environment where it naturally occurs.
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Which of the following is true about mand training?
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Motivation is needed to appropriately teach manding.
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Generalization can refer to the transfer of behaviors to
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Persons, settings, and other behaviors
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Multiple examplar training refers to
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Using many different stimuli to teach a skill to promote generalization
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There is a Functional Relationship between a behavior and a consequence when that behavior naturally produces that
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consequence
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Rob is learning body parts, and loves frogs. His teacher draws a frog, but leaves out parts of its body. When he points at the missing part, she prompts him to say the body part, then draws it. This is an example of NaTS because...
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the reinforcer was directly related to the material being taught.
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True or False: What someone says they want is the best predictor of reinforcer effectiveness.
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False
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Which of the following is NOT a Naturalistic Teaching Strategy
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Discrete Trial Instruction
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Which effective teaching procedures can be used in NaTS to maintain motivation
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Using errorless teaching and varying tasks
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What can you do to teach a concept in a way that will more easily generalize to other person, settings and related behaviors
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teach with different examples of the same activity
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Something you can do to prevent the student from losing motivation in Naturalistic Teaching is
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change pace of activities
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Both DTI and NaTS involve all of the following EXCEPT
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providing only one trial of each skill.
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To help establish Functional Relationships, you should do which things
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Perform preference assessments and allow the child to choose the task/activity.
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Free Operant preference assessments involve
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watching what your learner chooses to do when they can play with anything available
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When punishment is used, it should be paired with which procedure
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Reinforcement of replacement behaviors
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During the FBA it is observed that the person you support engages in a behavior frequently and often when they are alone. This behavior is probably
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for automatic reinforcement
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What three (3) things should be included in the Client section of the crisis plan
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Name of the individual, date of birth, and date the plan was created
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If you have an individual who engages in escape behaviors you should:
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Tailor antecedent interventions to the person you support based on data from the FBA.
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Which of the following is a behavior reduction procedure?
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Extinction
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After a crisis, data should be collected
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as soon as possible
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Physical interventions should be applied
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After less restrictive interventions have proved ineffective
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One of the main drawbacks to extinction is that
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no replacement behavior
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__________needs to take place when there is accurate information about the behaviors that occur in crisis situations
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A functional behavior assessment
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Who was the founder of modern behaviorism?
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B.F. Skinner
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Another way to conceptualize negative in negative reinforcement and negative punishment is:
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removal of behavior
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Jane rarely used her phone. Whenever her annoying coworker approaches her and she is on the phone her coworker walks away. Now Jane is always talking on the phone. What principle of behavior accounts for this increase?
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negative reinforcement (annoying coworker was the stimulus removed)
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What is not a variable of reinforcer effectiveness?
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attrativeness
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Hilary has autism and she likes to push buttons on her toys over and over again. After a while, to her parent's satisfaction, the batteries wore out of the toy. Hilary stopped pushing the buttons on the toy. What decreased her behavior?
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Extinction
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positive reinforcement
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stimulus added and behavior increases
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positive punishment
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stimulus added behavior decreases
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negative reinforcement
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stimulus taken away behavior increases
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negative punishment
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stimulus taken away behavior decreases
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Alyse didn't sing in music class often. One day, her teacher saw Alyse singing and complimented her voice in front of the class. Alyse stopped singing in music class all together. What principle did the music teacher use on Alyse's singing behavior?
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positive punishment
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Motivating operations increase the relative value of a particular reinforcer and also
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increase the likelihood of any behavior that has produced that reinforcer in the past
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If shown an array of photos and asked, \"Give me the one that you jump on,\" this is an example of...
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function
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True or False Objects are generally presented before pictures when teaching receptive identification
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False
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Receptive Language
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Antecedent: another person's verbal behavior Behavior: non-verbal response Consequence: non-specific reinforcement Show me car- child points to car praise given
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non specific reinforcement
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Behavior: teacher, \"Go wash your hands;\" Consequence: child washes hands and is given a cookie
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Which of the following is a good receptive skills program for early learners?
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body parts
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If a child can respond correctly to \"Touch the car,\" but not respond correctly to \"Touch the one you drive,\" they may be missing what skill?
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Listener Responding for Function Feature and Class
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In receptive identification it is recommended that the array of items should:
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Increase in size and become messier
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What is the first step in creating a behavioral treatment?
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Define the behavior and select a measurement technique.
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Frequency recording would be appropriate to use for which behavior?
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Key Strokes
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Outcome recording could be used for which behavior?
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Writing an essay
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The study of quality of life began with a branch of psychology called:
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positive psychology
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Which of the following is not a core quality-of-life domain?
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personal possessions
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Which of the core domains deals with a person's opportunities for lifelong learning and exploring things that are of interest to them?
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personal development
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Material Well being
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financial status
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Does this person make their own choices and express their opinions?
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self determination
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Important legal and social changes started to transform disabilities services in the 1960s, beginning in what larger social movement?
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Civil Rights
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Natural supports are:
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All of a persons relationships, associations, and networks.
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Does this person have opportunities to get to know the people in their neighborhood and be member of local organizations?
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Social inclusion
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What is the starting question and the most important question in the quality of life approach:
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What is important to the individual
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The fundamental values of the quality-of-life approach are: equality, empowerment, and ______________________
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self determination
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Environmental supports are:
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supports that change specific settings
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glasses, car seats, service dogs, and standing desks were given as examples of:
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supports used to enhance function
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Jenny is working on greetings and bringing materials to people. Which category of social skills is she most likely targeting?
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Initiations
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Measuring the rate of initiations and number of teacher prompts would give good data about the student's___________?
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Social Motivation
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Kaci is 4 months old, what milestone is likely to start developing at this age?
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attention from caregivers serves as a reinforcer
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The first step in Joint Attention is ___________
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Teaching the student to respond to bids of another.
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Cici loves to play with blocks but has little interest in being sung to. Her teacher decides to sing to her whenever Cici is playing with blocks so that the songs may also acquire reinforcing properties. This refers to what procedure?
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Stimulus-stimulus pairing
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What functions as a natural consequence of most social behaviors?
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peer attention
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Which of the following would be transfer trial: The teacher presents the SD with an echoic prompt, the student responds correctly so next the teacher will _________
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Present the SD but this time fade or omit the echoic prompt.
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When encountering a new client you should identify their skill level by __________
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Performing an assessment, such as the VB-MAPP.
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At what age has a child's tact vocabulary first increased to over 1000 item
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4
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True or False: Probe data is very time consuming, but also the most accurate.
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False
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What is a later step to be targeted within tacting?
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Increase the length of utterances using carrier phrases.
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Most agree that individuals need to have which kind of repertoire before tact training should start.
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Echoics
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Breaking a complex skill into smaller, teachable units is the definition of...
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task analysis
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What is the first step in chaining
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task analysis
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When creating video-self modeling videos, you______________________
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videotape the student engaging in the desired behavior and edit out any other behaviors.
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A phonemic prompt is...
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small verbal promt
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What kind of prompt is being used when the teacher flashes the light off then on to get students' attention?
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visual promt
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True or False: Video modeling is a new area of research in the field of education and behavior analysis.
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False
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verbal prompts are some of the __________ prompts to fade.
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most difficult
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Discrimination training requires ...
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one response and 2 antecedent conditions
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When teaching Bob to discriminate boys and girls, his teacher used pictures of exaggerated versions of genders (girls had long hair and dresses, boys wore pants, had short hair). Over time, she used less exaggerated features. This an example of what?
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stimulus fading
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The purpose of using time delay when prompting is...
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to fade prompts and transfer the response to the SD.
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Which type of chaining results in the learner being reinforced after they perform the final step in the chain?
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backwards chaining
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All of the following are important benefits of mand training EXCEPT...
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mand training will increase receptive language skills
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Why do most professionals in the field of ABA recommend to start teaching language by teaching an individual to mand?
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Because mands benefit the speaker; they say it, they get it
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James is reaching for a gummy worm you have in your hand, and he isn't saying, \"Gummy.\" What is the most intrusive prompt you can give?
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model the full word \"gummy)
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You can track your learners progress in mands by...
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taking frequency data
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When children produce sounds that resemble those produced by their parents, these sounds may function as:
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automatic reinforcement
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Stimulus-Stimulus Pairing is a fancy name for the procedure of:
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Pairing reinforcement with vocalizations so talking alone provides reinforcement
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Similar to classical conditioning, when a _____________such as parent vocalizations are paired with a ____________ such as food, the vocalizations may become reinforcing themselves.
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neutral stimuil/reinforcer
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teach this is verbal imitation training
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volume, tone, multi word sentences
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All of the following should be taken into consideration when choosing targets, EXCEPT:
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Sounds/words that have multiple syllables.
