Gov unit 3
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Political Ideology
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the coherent set of values and beliefs about the purpose and scope of gov held by groups and individuals
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Conservative
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on who believes that a gov is best that governs least and that big gov should not infringe on individual, personal and economic rights
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Social Conservative
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one who believes that traditional moral teachings should be supported and furthered by the gov
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Liberal
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one who favors governmental involvement in the economy and in the provision of social services and who takes an activist role in protecting the rights of women, the elderly, minorities, and the environment
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moderate
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a person who takes a relatively centrist or middle of the road view on most political issues
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Libertarian
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one who believes in limited gov and no gov interference in political liberties
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\"Dewey Defeats Truman\"
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many polling industry's in the 1948 election thought that Dewey would beat Truman in the election, but they were wrong
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Entrance polls
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polls taken as voters are entering the place where the election is taking place
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exit polls
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polls conducted as voters leave the selected polling places on election day
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George gallup
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he was a professor at the U of I who wrote a dissertation about the election and got it right
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internet polls
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there are scientific polls like the ones created by John Zogby, these kind of polls are usually effective. Then there's unscientific web polls that allow anyone to weigh in on a topic. these are like straw polls which usually come out inconclusive
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literary digest
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a magazine that used to predict the outcome of presidential polls until they made a mistake in the [asks shutt] election and over polled the rich white male population
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margin of error
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a measure of the accuracy of a public opinion poll
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mass media
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media can either be tv, radio, magazines, internet etc and they are becoming more and more popular to provide info and input over presidential elections, but sometimes the info coming from these sources isn't always true and can sometimes be biased
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NES
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national election studies have funded recent public opinion researches. these surveys focus on the political attitudes and the behavior of the electorate, and they include ?s about how respondents voted. include ?s about interest in politics and political participation
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political socialization
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the process through which individuals acquire their political beliefs and values
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public opinon
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what the public thinks about a particular issue or setoff issues at any point in time
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public opinion polls
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interviews or surveys with samples of citizens that are used to estimate the feelings and beliefs of the entire population
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push polls
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polls taken for the purpose of providing info on an opponent that would lead respondents to vote against that candidate. these are questions that 'go over the line' and are results of interior motives. they are designed to give negative or false info about one candidate to push them away that candidate and towards the other
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random sampling
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a method of poll selections that gives each person the same chance of being selected
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sample
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a subset of the whole population selected to be questioned for the purposes of prediction or gauging opinion
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stratified sampling
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a variation of random sampling; the population is divided into subgroups and weighted based on demographic characteristics of the national population
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straw polls
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unscientific survey used to gauge public opinion on a variety of issues and policies
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tracking polls
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continuous surveys that enable a campaign or news organization to chart a candidates daily rise or fall in support
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VNS
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voter news serve is a conglomerate organization that provided the major networks twitch their exit poll data
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political party
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an organized effort by office holders, candidates activists, and voters to pursue their common interests by gaining and exercising power through the electoral process
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thomas jefferson
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3rd pres of the us, democrat
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abe lincoln
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16th pres of the us, republican
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FDR
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32nd pres, democrat
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political machine
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a party organization that recruits voter loyalty with tangible incentives and is characterized by a high degree of control over member activity
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party realignment
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dramatic shift in partisan preference that drastically alter the political landscape
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critical election
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an election tha signals a party realignment through voter polarization around new issues and personalities
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secular realignment
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the gradual rearrangement of party coalitions, based more on demographic shifts than on shocks to the political system
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superdelegate
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delegate to the democratic partys national convention that is reserved for a party official, whose vote at the convention is unpledged to an individual candidate
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think tanks
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institutional collections of policy-oriented researchers and academics who are sources of policy ideas
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GOTV
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get out the vote. a push at the end of a political campaign to encourage supporters to go to the polls. the last 72 hours
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national party platform
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a statement of the general and specific philosophy and policy goals of a political party, usually promulgated at the national convention
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party identification
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a citizen's personal affinity for a political party, usually expressed by a tendency to vote for the candidates of that party
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Proportional Representation
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a voting system that apportions legislative seats according to the percentage of the vote won by a particular political party
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minor party
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the political party in each house of congress with the second most members
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winner take all
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an electoral system in which the party that receives at least one more vote than any other party, wins the election
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dealignment
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a general decline in party identification and loyalty in the electorate
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electorate
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citizens eligible to vote
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conventional political participation
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activism that attempts to influence the political process through commonly accepted forms of persuasion such as voting or letter writing (most common)
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unconventional political participation
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activism that attempts to influence the political process through unusual or extreme measures, such as protests, boycotts, and picketing
