A&P 2 Lab – College Essay Example

and offers a more robust immune response combined with immunological memory. This memory enables us to retain information about each pathogen based on its distinct antigenic signature.

The adaptive immune response is characterized by its specificity to antigens and its reliance on a process called antigen presentation. This specificity enables the generation of targeted responses against specific pathogens or pathogen-infected cells, which are sustained by memory cells in the body. If a pathogen re-infects the body, these memory cells are utilized to swiftly eliminate it. In essence, killer T cells identify antigens that are present on foreign cells but not found within our own cells.

Therefore, T cells will recognize and remove them. What are lymphocytes and where are they made? Lymphocytes are a kind of white blood cell that is crucial for the immune system. They can distinguish between the body's own cells and foreign substances, enabling them to defend against infections. When foreign materials are found in the body, lymphocytes generate specialized chemicals designed to destroy those substances. Two types of lymphocytes are created in the bone marrow before birth. An antigen differs from an antibody as it triggers an immune response.

Antibodies are proteins that are produced in response to antigens, which cause an immune response. They serve as a solution for diseases caused by these antigens. However, it is important to note that the term "immune system" can be misleading because having foreign pathogens in the body is essential for its defense development.

Further research is needed to enhance our comprehension of the significance of autoimmune diseases. It is vital to define and provide instances of these diseases. Furthermore, it is important to

elucidate how autoimmune diseases aid researchers in enhancing their understanding of the immune response. Autoimmune disorders arise when the immune system of the body erroneously attacks its own tissues. At times, the immune system fails to identify certain components as part of itself, resulting in the generation of autoantibodies. Subsequently, these autoantibodies assault cells, tissues, and organs within the body.

Autoimmune disorders lead to inflammation and damage, resulting in various autoimmune diseases. The exact cause of these diseases is unknown, but genetic predisposition appears to play a role in many cases. In some types of autoimmune disease, an immune response triggered by a viral or bacterial infection causes antibodies or T-cells to attack normal cells because they resemble the infecting microorganism. There are two main classifications for autoimmune disorders: those that harm multiple organs and those that specifically target one organ or tissue through the autoimmune process. However, distinguishing between these types is not always straightforward as localized autoimmune disorders can indirectly affect other organs and systems within the body.

Autoimmune disorders occur when antibodies do not properly attack certain tissues or organs. This can result in various symptoms like tiredness, lightheadedness, and a slight increase in body temperature. The intensity of these symptoms may vary. To diagnose autoimmune disorders, doctors conduct specialized laboratory tests based on the suspected disorder. These tests commonly include evaluations of autoantibodies and measurements of inflammation markers such as CRP and ESR.