Med Term Final Test Questions – Flashcards

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Interview of the parents of 5-year-old Clio revealed that for about the last 24 hours, Clio has been irritable, febrile, vomiting, and experiencing cephalgia. On further examination, nuchal rigidity (stiff neck) was noted. The physician performed a lumbar puncture to measure intracranial pressure and to obtain cerebrospinal fluid for analysis. Results confirmed a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Clio was started on antibiotics. Which term means inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord?
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meningitis
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The suffix -phasia means:
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speech
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Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography confirmed that Mr. Hullinger has a malignant glioma that is surgically inaccessible. He is scheduled for stereotactic radiosurgery. A glioma is an intracranial tumor that arises from the:
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Supportive or connective tissue of the brain
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The combining form vag/o means:
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Vagus Nerve
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The medical term for a condition of involuntary, spasmodic movements is:
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Dyskinesia
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What is the term for brief episodes of neurologic deficit caused by temporary interference with blood supply to the brain?
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Transient ischemic attacks
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The medical term for headache is ceph________.
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algia
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________cele is the protrusion of the meninges and spinal cord through a defect in the spinal column.
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Myelomeningo
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After losing consciousness, falling, and seizing, Clio, age 5, was brought to the ER by his parents. Two more episodes of tonic-clonic seizures occurred in the ER. Anticonvulsants were started and an EEG ordered. Another term for tonic-clonic seizures is:
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Ictal events
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A fold in the surface of the cerebral cortex is called a:
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Gyrus
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Using high-frequency sound waves to show the structure and movement of the heart chambers and valves is:
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Echocardiography
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A(n) _____________ test is used to find evidence of a heart attack.
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cardiac biomarker
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Hyper___________ means increased cholesterol in the blood.
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cholesterolemia
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A __________ is an abnormal, prolonged heart sound caused by incomplete closure of heart valves.
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murmur
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Rapid, random, inefficient contraction of the atria or ventricles is called:
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Fibrillation
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The cause of essential hypertension is:
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Not readily apparent or known
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Damage to the heart valves produces lesions called ___________ that can break off into the bloodstream as ___________, material that travels through the blood.
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vegetations, emboli
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Blocking of an artery by a blood clot is:
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Thrombotic occlusion
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MVP is the abbreviation for:
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Mitral valve prolapse
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The combining form thromb/o means:
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Clot
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DTaP is the abbreviation for:
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Diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis
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Fine crackling sounds heard during inhalation, caused by excess bronchial tube secretions in the alveoli, are known as ________.
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rales
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X-ray imaging of arteries and veins in the lung after injection of dye into a blood vessel is called a:
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Pulmonary angiography
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A group of occupational-related lung diseases characterized by inflammation, infection, and bronchitis, caused by inhaling substances in the workplace is called __________________.
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pneumoconiosis
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The central portion or area of the chest that separates the lungs is called the:
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Mediastinum
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The physician orders a ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan, which reveals abnormalities consistent with a pulmonary embolism. You know a pulmonary embolism means:
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A clot forms in a distant vein and travels to the lungs
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Creation of an opening into the trachea and insertion of a tube to create an airway is a:
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Tracheostomy
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Mediastinoscopy means:
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Visual examination of the central portion of the chest cavity
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Excessive fluid accumulation in the pleural space due to infection, malignancy, or trauma is called:
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Pleural Effusion
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The combining form epiglott/o means:
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Epiglottis
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The liquid portion of blood is called:
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Plasma
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Unspecialized cells that become specialized when they mature are called:
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Stem cells
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___________ are agranulocytes.
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Monocytes
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________ blood contains only anti-A antibodies.
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Type B
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Mr. Kennedy, who has pernicious anemia, will need lifelong administration of which substance?
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Vitamin B12
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Another term for platelets is:
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Thrombocytes
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White blood cells that do not contain granules in their cytoplasm are ________cytes, or mononuclears.
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agranulo
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Mr. Kennedy is diagnosed with pernicious anemia. In pernicious anemia, RBC production is decreased due to lack of a protein called:
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Intrinsic factor
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Gena Moore, an 18-year-old college student, is seen in the student health center for complaints of fatigue, weakness, and pharyngitis. She is febrile. While performing the physical examination, the practitioner finds painful lymphadenitis. Lab tests revealed an elevated WBC with an increase in atypical lymphocytes, negative throat culture, and the presence of antibodies to EBV. Ms. Moore's most likely diagnosis is:
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Mononucleosis
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A person with Type O blood is a(n):
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Universal recipient
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The medical term for kneecap is:
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Patella
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The suffix -blast means:
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Embryonic or immature cell
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Small channels in compact bone that contain blood vessels are called:
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Haversian canals
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Diagnostic testing for Martha included a muscle biopsy and an EMG. An EMG records:
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Strength of muscle contraction
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The upper part of the pelvic bone is the:
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Ilium
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The combining form humer/o means:
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Upper arm bone
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A set of x-rays of the bones in the spinal column, pelvis, and wrist to detect bone density is called a(n):
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Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
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Spongy, porous, trabecular bone is called:
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Cancellous bone
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Surgical repair of a joint is:
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Arthroplasty
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The medical term for slipped disk is:
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Herniated disk
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______________ is a surgical procedure for removing scars associated with acne.
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Dermabrasion
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Mary increased her susceptibility to malignant melanoma by:
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Overexposing her skin to the sun
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_________ refers to ecchymoses and petechiae over any part of the body.
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Purpura
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Ms. King presented to her physician with a reddish "butterfly" rash over her nose and cheeks. After further examination and lab results showing high levels of antibodies in the blood, she is told she has a systemic chronic inflammatory collagen disease. Corticosteroid treatment is begun. Ms. King's diagnosis is:
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Systemic lupus erythematosus
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The combining form adip/o means:
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Fat
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Rotation of a surgical instrument to remove a core of tissue for examination is called:
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Punch biopsy
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A freckle is an example of a(n):
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Macule
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A benign skin neoplasm common in the elderly and characterized by thickened yellow or brown areas of the epidermis is called:
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Seborrheic keratosis
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Sixteen-year-old David visits a dermatologist. The doctor sees a variety of lesions on the face, shoulders, and upper back. The predominant lesions are papules and pustules; several cysts are also visible. David reports that the skin lesions have developed recently and that over-the-counter topical medications have not worked. The physician diagnoses David with:
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Vulgaris acne
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The epidermis is composed of which type of cell?
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Squamous epithelial cells
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The layer of the eye containing rods and cones is the:
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Retina
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The medical term for the eardrum is:
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Tympanic membrane
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Which one of the following ear structures has hair cells that relay sound waves to auditory nerve fibers?
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Organ of Corti
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The surgical incision of the tympanum to relieve the pressure and buildup of fluid in chronic otitis media is called a(n):
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Myringotomy
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Decreased and blurred vision caused by clouding of the lens indicates the presence of:
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A cataract
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Flap of the ear is called the:
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Auricle
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The suffix -tropia means:
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To turn
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Mimi's medical report records an increase in IOP, or intraocular pressure, which would indicate:
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Glaucoma
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The receptor cells responsible for color vision are the:
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Cones
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The medical term for earwax, the substance that lubricates the ear and prevents the entry of foreign particles:
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Cerumen
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The ___________hypophysis is the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
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neuro
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This hormone increases blood calcium.
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Parathyroid hormone or Parathormone
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The secretions of the pituitary are controlled by signals transmitted from the:
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Hypothalamus
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Gigantism is caused by:
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Hypersecretion of growth hormone by the pituitary before puberty
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The abbreviation for syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone is:
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SIADH
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Tony, age 28, reentered the hospital for high-dose chemotherapy and a bone marrow transplant for his leukemia. Bone marrow had been harvested from Tony after his first hospitalization in which he achieved complete remission. This type of bone marrow transplant is called:
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Autologous
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Cancerous tumors are divided into broad groups on the basis of the particular type of tissue from which the tumor cells arise. This is called:
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Histogenesis
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Evaluating the degree of maturity of tumor cells or indication of malignant transformation is called _______ of tumors.
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grading
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Implantation of radioactive seeds directly into the tumor is called:
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Brachytherapy
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Forming small finger-like or nipple-like projections of cells is called:
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Papillary
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The abbreviation for multiple-gated acquisition scan is:
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MUGA scan
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________graphy is a series of x-ray images made to show an organ in depth.
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Tomo
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Radiopharmaceutical drugs can be used to generate an image by mapping their distribution and rate of absorption in the body because they emit:
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Gamma rays
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In _____________, a radiopharmaceutical is given intravenously to obtain a lung scan.
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perfusion studies
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IVP is the abbreviation for:
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Intravenous pyelogram
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FDA is the abbreviation for:
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Food and Drug Administration
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Chemotherapeutic agent A gives 15% tumor kill and chemotherapeutic agent B gives 20%; using the two together gives 35% tumor kill. The combination action is:
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Additive
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The study of subcellular drug interactions is called:
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Molecular pharmacology
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The combination of two drugs causing an effect greater than the sum of each drug alone is called:
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Synergism
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Insulin is a kind of:
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Antidiabetic
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LSD is the abbreviation for ____________, which is a hallucinogen.
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lysergic acid diethlyamide
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The use of self-induced vomiting and misuse of laxatives or enemas to avoid weight gain is called:
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Bulimia
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________philia is recurrent sexual fantasy or arousal in response to objects, activities, or situations not normally considered erotic.
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Para
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TAT is the abbreviation for:
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Thematic Apperception Test
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The combining form schiz/o means:
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Split
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Characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia include all of the following except:
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Mania
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The suffix -leptic means:
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To seize hold of
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The combining form anxi/o means:
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Anxious or distressed
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Clinical psych________ are non-medical professionals trained in the use of tests to evaluate various aspects of a person's mental health and intelligence.
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ologists
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Jared was diagnosed with disorganized type schizophrenia. Disorganized type schizophrenia is primarily marked by:
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Disorganized speech and behavior and childish or inappropriate affect
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