Anthropology Chap. 9- Sexuality – Flashcards
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Margaret Mead
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Her work in the islands of western Pacific challenged the assumption that US attitudes about women, gender roles, and expression of sexuality were universal traits.
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Sexuality
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The complex range of desires, beliefs, and behaviors that are related to erotic physical contact and the cultural arena within which people debate about what kinds of physical desires and behaviors are right, appropriate, and natural.
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Jared Diamond
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"The Animal with the Weirdest Sex Life." -Suggests that human sexuality is completely abnormal by the standards of the world's 30 million animal species.
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Helen FIsher
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"Why We Love: The Nature and Chemistry of Romantic Love" -Suggests that through evolution humans have developed a set of neurochemicals that drive an "evolutionary trajectory of loving."
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Gloria Wekker
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"Politics of Passion" -After studying black Creole women, she challenges the dominant thinking about sexual identity in Western scholarship.
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Mati work
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Establishing relationships of mutual support, obligation, and responsibility with other women. -Common in black Creole women.
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Roger Lancaster
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"Life is Hard: Machismo, Danger and the Intimacy of Power in Nicaragua" -Machismo -Considered expression of sexuality in a working-class neighborhood in Nicaragua.
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Machismo
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A strong, sometimes exaggerated performance of masculinity. -Must be constantly performed to retain one's social status.
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Gil Herdt
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Boy-insemination in Sambia. This challenges Western beliefs. This practice is culturally accepted in Sambia to bring boys into manhood.
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Heterosexuality
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Attraction to and sexual relations between individuals of the opposite sex.
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Homosexuality
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Attraction to and sexual relations between individuals of the same sex.
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Bisexuality
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Attraction to and sexual relations with members of both sexes.
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Asexuality
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A lack of erotic attraction to others.
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Different-gender eroticism
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heterosexuality
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Same-gender eroticism
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homosexuality
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Jonathan Katz
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Historian; argues that heterosexuality as it is practiced and understood in contemporary US culture is a fairly recent invention. He thinks that due to the lack of its presence in history, heterosexuality hadn't achieved widespread cultural currency in the nineteenth century.
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Richard von Krafft-Ebing
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German psychiatrist; first introduced to the US scene the modern sense of "heterosexuality" as erotic feelings for the opposite sex, and "homosexuality" as feelings for the same sex in 1892.
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Sexology
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A scientific study of sexuality.
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Alfred Kinsey
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Harvard trained biologist & zoologist; produced 2 of the most famous studies: Sexual Behavior in the Human Male, and Sexual Behavior in the Human Female. -His studies showed a continuum of sexual behavior. -Found that human sexuality is fluid. -Sexual behaviors could shift over a lifetime
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Chrys Ingraham
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Sociologist; wrote White Weddings: Romancing Heterosexuality in Popular Culture. -Studied wedding culture -Wedding industry and culture provides insights into how US culture gives meaning to marriage and constructs contemporary understanding of heterosexuality. -Gender dominance; women are under the property of male
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Ellen Lewin
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Anthropologist; wrote Recognizing Ourselves -Focuses on gay and lesbian ceremonies -Some ceremonies were a form of resistance against social norms, and some saw their ceremonies as part of the efforts to legalize same-sex marriage -By participating in public ceremonies, gay and lesbian couples claimed their place in society, showing that they belonged.
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Michel Foucault
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French social scientist -Described sexuality as "an especially dense transfer point for relations of power."
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Ann Stoler
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Cultural anthropologist; wrote Carnal Knowledge and Imperial Power: a historical study of the ways sexuality served as a tool for enforcing social boundaries under European colonizers. -Systems of economic, political, and colonial power exert significant influence on the ways desires are expressed and understood as sexuality intersects with dynamics of race, class, and nationality.
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Mignon Moore
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Sociologist; wrote Invisible Families: explores the impact of the intersection of race and sexuality on the identities, relationships, and families of black gay women in US. -Black lesbian community find that race is the primary framework that shapes their identity.
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Sexual violence
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Violence perpetuated through sexually related physical assaults such as rape.
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Sex tourism
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Travel, usually organized through the tourism sector, to facilitate commercial sexual relations between tourists and local residents.
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Denise Brennan
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Cultural anthropologist; wrote What's Love Got to Do with It? -Explored the impact of globalization on Sosua, a prime destination for white male European sex tourists.
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Sex work
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Labor through which one provides sexual services for money.
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Rudolf Gaudio
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Linguistic anthropologist -Ethnographic study of the language practices of yan daudu. -His ethnography shows diverse expressions of sexuality on a local level.
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yan daudu
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Nigerian men who act like women: they cook, serve food, sing, dance, or work as prostitutes. -The speak yaren harka, a secret in-group code
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Patty Kelly
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Cultural anthropologist: conducted fieldwork in Mexican brothel. -The brothel, Zona Galactica, employed women prostitutes which is legal in 1/3 of the states in Mexico. -Became very close to Lydia
