question

The one way in which culture is NOT transmitted to younger generations is by

answer

mutation

question

The smallest distinctive item of culture is called a

answer

culture trait

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The culture landscape

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is the earth's surface as modified by human action

question

The elements of the ideological subsystem of a culture

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are the intangible items giving distinctive content and character to a culture

question

The development of a new form of culture trait by the fusion of two or more different parent elements is called

answer

syncretism

question

When social group is unresponsive to a useful innovation, it is said to display

answer

cultural lag

question

Change within culture groups is induced by

answer

diffusion and innovation

question

Pidgin and creole languages are distinguished from one another by the fact that pidgin

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is always a second language for all its speakers; creole has become a distinctive first language of a society

question

Which of the following is the most important medium for transmitting culture?

answer

language

question

The Indo-European language family

answer

is made up of separate languages collectively spoken by about one-half of the world's population

question

Cultural convergence implies that

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world populations increasingly share a common technology

question

Which of the following statements about culture is not true?

answer

culture is genetically tied and transmitted as a racial characteristic

question

The spread of English as a worldwide language was the result of

answer

the establishment of overseas colonies and former English dominance in world trade

question

The elements of the sociological subsystem of a culture include all of the following EXCEPT

answer

language

question

Which of the following religions has remained dominant in its origin?

answer

Islam

question

Religions are important keys to human geographic understanding because

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religious beliefs intimately affect all facets of a culture

question

Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity have been called "universalizing" religions because each

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claims universal applicability and seeks converts

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It is believed that the Indo-European protolanguage originated about 5,000 years ago in

answer

Eastern Europe or southern Russia

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A primary basis for the partition of the Indian subcontinent following British rule was to

answer

recognize the existence of distinctive regional religious concentrations and animosities

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A language may be defined as

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an organized system of speech communication

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The most distinctive contrast between folk and popular culture is that

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folk culture reflects the traditional way of life of groups isolated from resistant to outside influences; popular culture simply implies the general mass of people confirming to ever-changing fads and common modes of behavior

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The use of English as the official language of Nigeria demonstrates

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the concept of lingua franca

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Ethnic communities are composed of populations with distinguishing

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cultural heritages

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The study of place-names as evidence of past cultural presence and change is called

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toposcopy

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Which one of the following items is an example of a cultural trait?

answer

technology

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The world's oldest major religion is

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Hinduism

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The spread of culture traits from one area to another areas is called

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diffusion

question

Which one of the following groups of areas was among the world's earliest centers of plant and animal domestication?

answer

Southwest Asia, West Africa, Andean South America

question

A religion that teaches that a person's status in this life is determined by his/her existence in previous lives is

answer

Hinduism

question

The term referring to socially created distinctions between masculine and feminine roles in society is

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gender

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Monotheistic religions include

answer

Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

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A group of languages thought to have shared the same origin is

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Hindi, Russian, and Spanish

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The political movement devoted to the creation of a Jewish state is

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Zionism

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Most of the people in the Middle East speak

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Arabic

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What is the Koran?

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the sayings of Allah revealed to Mohammed

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The movement to make English the official language of the United States

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is seen by its opponents as discriminatory and harmful to the education of ethnic minority children

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Which one of the following is an example of an ethnic group?

answer

Mexican Americans

question

Which one of the universalizing religions originated in India and was brought by missionaries into China, Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia, Tibet, and Mongolia, where it became the dominant religion?

answer

Buddhism

question

Which one of the following languages belongs to the same language subfamily with English

answer

German

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Acculturation is the term applied to

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the process by which one culture group adopts the characteristics of another, dominant group

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T/F:Cultural integration is the term applied to the intermixture of ethnic traits within a pluralistic society.

answer

False

question

T/F:Possibilism is the viewpoint that humans are the active agents in shaping culture, selecting from the environment the opportunities and resources their need and technical levels make evident and needed.

answer

True

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T/F:Nearly three-quarters of the world's population adhere to tribal and ethnic religions.

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False

question

T/F:Value systems that are nonreligious in nature tend not to be binding on the societies that hold them.

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False

question

T/F:Ethnicity always contains a spatial or territorial implication.

answer

True

question

T/F:Both language and religion are indispensable attributes of all cultures.

answer

False

question

T/F:Although they display some important dialect differences, essentially all people of India have Hindi as their native tongue.

answer

False

question

T/F:The "Bantu line" in Africa bounds the last pocket of Bantu-speakers facing linguistic extinction from Arabic advance.

answer

False

question

T/F:Syncretism implies the fusion of old and new culture traits into a new, composite form.

answer

True

question

T/F:English was established as the official United States language by Constitutional amendment in 1981.

answer

False

question

T/F:A culture complex is the intermixture within an area of social traits drawn from two or more separate culture hearths.

answer

False

question

T/F:The sociological subsystem of a culture expresses accepted patterns of interpersonal and group behavior and agreed-upon institutions.

answer

True

question

T/F:Depopulation of the Chaco Canyon settlements was caused by abrupt and disastrous climatic change.

answer

False

question

T/F:Ethnocentrism is the feeling of superiority of one's own ethnic group.

answer

True

question

T/F:All the universalizing religions had their origin hearths in the Near East.

answer

False

question

T/F:Sociofacts include the institutions and patterns of group and personal relationships that unite a culture.

answer

True

question

T/F:Significant human alteration of the natural landscape has occurred only since the Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries.

answer

False

question

T/F:Vernacular speech is the nonstandard language or dialect of locality.

answer

True

question

T/F:Cultural lag is the period between introduction of an innovation in major cities and its adoption at lower levels in the urban hierarchy.

answer

False

question

T/F:The sharpest distinctions and greatest inequalities between the sexes were expressed historically in hunting and gathering cultures.

answer

False

Geography Chpt 7 – Flashcards

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