5th Grade – Social Studies, Chapter 7 – The Southern Colonies – Flashcards
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Indentured Servant
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A person who agreed to work for another person without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for passage to North America or to pay off a debt
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Slave
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A person usually of African origin, often sold like property to another person to work for no pay. Their children also became property and none could legally learn to read or write
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James Oglethorpe
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The English leader and General who founded the colony of Georgia as a place where Non-catholics and debtors could begin new lives under his reform policies
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Indigo
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A royal blue dye made from the indigo plant and widely used in the clothemaking process
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Eliza Lucas Pinckney
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The 17 year old daughter of a plantation owner who successfully grew the indigo plant. She shared her seeds with neighbors and soon it became the most profitable cash crop produced in the Georgia colony
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Apprentice
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A person who lives for several years with the family of a skilled worker in order to observe and learn their trade
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Spirituals
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Religious songs based on bible stories.
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Tidewater
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The low-lying land along a coast.
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Auction
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A public sale
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Public Service
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A job someone does to help the community or society as a whole.
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County Seat
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The main town or city where the government offices of that county were located
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Debtors
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People who were in prison for owing money.
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Overseer
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A hired person who watched over field slaves as they worked.
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Broker
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A person who is paid to buy and sell for someone else.
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George Calvert
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He was Lord Baltimore of England and was granted land in North America in hopes to build a Catholic community but he died in 1632 before the charter was accepted.
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How the people of Maryland helped indentured servants after their time of service was complete
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Many colonial leaders gave indentured servants 50 acres of land, a suit of clothes, an ax, two hoes, and three barrels of corn to help them start their own farm.
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The Fundamental Constitution of Carolina
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It was a plan of government that allowed Carolina colonists to make some laws for themselves but kept most of the authority in the hands of the king in England
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Why Carolina became 2 separate colonies in 1712
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The colony became very populated and was hard to govern so it was split into North Carolina and South Carolina
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Two main cash crops in Southern colonies
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Rice and indigo
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Why the earliest southern plantations were built in the tidewater
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The soil was rich and there were several waterways that made it easy for boats to get crops to market.
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What an indentured servant and a slave had in common
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They both worked without getting paid.
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The big difference between indentured servants and slaves
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Indentured servants were given freedom after a certain length of time
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The job description of a field slave.
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A person that did the manual labor required in growing the cash crops for the planters to sell.
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The job description of a house slave.
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A person that had more contact with the planter and the planter's family, and were often treated better than field slaves. Women did the laundry, cooking, cleaning, and sewing for the household while males drove carriages, took care of horses, and practiced skills such as carpentry. Young children of house slaves often played with the planter's children.
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Why spiritual life was important to enslaved people
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It helped slaves deal with the hardships of slave life.
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Why planters become very important leaders in the 13 colonies
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They were wealthy, well educated and involved in public service life, such as being a judge or a representative in the colonial assembly so they had influence in decision making and over the colonies people
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Planters
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Someone that ran the business of a plantation, including clothing, feeding, and providing medical care for all plantation workers and members of the household.
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How plantation children were educated
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They were often taught at home by tutors. Boys might continue their education in Europe, while girls would usually stop going to school by the age of 12 or 13 to learn basic living skills at home
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How most people made a living in the southern cities
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Many people worked in the trade business and others were fishers, hatmakers, tailors, and printers.
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Why South Carolina Planters lived in Charles Town for part of the year
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To avoid the insects that infested rice fields, and for the social life that Charles Town provided.
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Three products that caused Norfolk, Virginia to grow quickly
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Tobacco, naval stores, and lumber.
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Why County Seats were important to people living on farms and plantations
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People began to depend more on county seats as places to trade. They were places where people attended church and held dances. It was also where decisions about the government were made.
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The location of Wilmington
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North Carolina
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The location of Baltimore
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Maryland
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The location of Norfolk
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in Virginia
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The location of Charles Town
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South Carolina
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The location of Savannah
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Georgia
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What are the 5 Southern colonies
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Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia
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Cash crops on southern plantations
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Rice, Indigo, and Tobacco
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Toleration Act
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The first law in North America that allowed all Christians to worship as they pleased
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Potomac River
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The River near Maryland
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The two countries that formed the Carolinas
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England and France
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Constitution
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A written plan of government
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County
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A large part of a colony
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The Calvert Family
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An English family that was granted land around the Chesapeake Bay area in North America. After the father's death
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Williamsburg
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The capital of Virginia after the fires of Jamestown that became one of the most important cities in the 13 colonies
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Charles Town
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The largest city in the southern colonies where merchants and planters had the most power
