Marketing: Real People, Real Choices – Chapter 7 – Flashcards
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Market fragmentation
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The creation of many consumer groups due to a diversity of distinct needs and wants in modern society
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Target marketing strategy
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Dividing the total market into different segments on the basis of customer characteristics, selecting one or more segments, and developing products to meet the needs of those specific segments.
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Segmentation
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The process of dividing a larger market into smaller pieces based on one or more meaningfully shared characteristics.
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Segmentation variables
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Dimensions that divide the total market into fairly homogeneous groups, each with different needs and preferences.
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Demographics
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Statistics that measure observable aspects of a population, including size, age, gender, ethnic group, income, education, occupation, and family structure
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Generational marketing
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Marketing to members of a generation, who tend to share the same outlook and priorities.
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Generation X
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The group of consumers born between 1965 and 1978.
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Baby Boomer
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The segment of people born between 1946 and 1964.
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Metrosexual
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A straight, urban male who is keenly interested in fashion, home design, gourmet cooking, and personal care.
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Cultural diversity
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A management practice that actively seeks to include people of different sexes, races, ethnic groups, and religions in an organization's employees, customers, suppliers, and distribution channel partners.
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Geodemography
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A segmentation technique that combines geography with demographics.
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Geocoding
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Customizing Web advertising so that people who log on in different places will see ad banners for local businesses.
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Psychographics
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The use of psychological, sociological, and anthropological factors to construct market segments.
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VALS (values and lifestyles)
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A psychographic system that divides the entire U.S. population into eight segments.
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Behavioral segmentation
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A technique that divides consumers into segments on the basis of how they act toward, feel about, or use a good or service
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80/20 rule
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A marketing rule of thumb that 20 percent of purchasers account for 80 percent of a product's sales.
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Long tail
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A new approach to segmentation based on the idea that companies can make money by selling small amounts of items that only a few people want, provided they sell enough different items.
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Usage occasions
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An indicator used in behavioral market segmentation based on when consumers use a product most.
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Targeting
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A strategy in which marketers evaluate the attractiveness of each potential segment and decide in which of these groups they will invest resources to try to turn them into customers.
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Target market
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The market segments on which an organization focuses its marketing plan and toward which it directs its marketing efforts.
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Segment profile
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A description of the "typical" customer in a segment
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undifferentiated targeting strategy
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Appealing to a broad spectrum of people
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differentiated targeting strategy
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Developing one or more products for each of several distinct customer groups and making sure these offerings are kept separate in the marketplace.
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concentrated targeting strategy
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Focusing a firm's efforts on offering one or more products to a single segment
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custom marketing strategy
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An approach that tailors specific products and the messages about them to individual customers.
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mass customization
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An approach that modifies a basic good or service to meet the needs of an individual.
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Positioning
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Develop a marketing strategy to influence how a particular market segment perceives a good or service in comparison to the competition.
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Repositioning
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Redoing a product's position to respond to marketplace changes.
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Retro brand
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A once-popular brand that has been revived to experience a popularity comeback, often by riding a wave of nostalgia.
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Brand personality
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A distinctive image that captures a good's or service's character and benefits.
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Perceptual map
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A technique to visually describe where brands are "located" in consumers' minds relative to competing brands.
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Customer relationship management (CRM)
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A systematic tracking of consumers' preferences and behaviors over time in order to tailor the value proposition as closely as possible to each individual's unique wants and needs. CRM allows firms to talk to individual customers and to adjust elements of their marketing program in light of how each customer reacts.
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touchpoint
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Any point of direct interface between customers and a company (online, by phone, or in person).
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Share of customer
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The percentage of an individual customer's purchase of a product that is a single brand.
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Lifetime value of a customer
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The potential profit a single customer's purchase of a firm's products generates over the customer's lifetime.
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Customer equity
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The financial value of a customer relationship throughout the lifetime of the relationship.
