question

Prescription drugs are defined as those drugs ________.

answer

that are not safe to use except under professional medical supervision

question

The majority of drugs are used to control, improve, or cure symptoms, conditions, or diseases of a physiological or psychological nature. These drugs would be said to have a ________ use.

answer

therapeutic

question

A schedule defines drugs by their ________.

answer

potential for physical or psychological dependence

question

Drug legislation was passed in the early 1900s to protect the public from ________.

answer

unscrupulous drug sellers and mislabeled, dangerous drugs

question

Powdered rose hips from the rose plant are still used as a natural source of ________.

answer

Vitamin C

question

The FDA Modernization Act ________.

answer

Gave FDA authority to accelerate approval process by 2000, review time had fallen to less than 15 months Critical drugs can be approved as fast as 6 months Some investigational drugs can be prescribed before approval

question

A drug used today for treating congestive heart failure ________.

answer

has been used since the thirteenth century

question

Aspirin was first introduced about the year ________.

answer

1900 (Actually 1899)

question

The 1951 Durham-Humphrey Amendment to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act defined ________ drugs as those drugs that could only be given to patients under the care of a physician.

answer

prescription

question

The medicinal use of foxglove to make the drug digoxin (Lanoxin) is an example of a modern drug derived from ________.

answer

plants

question

Currently, the burden of proof for showing that a drug is safe before it can be marketed is the responsibility of the ________.

answer

drug manufacturer

question

The first federal drug law was ________.

answer

the Food and Drug Act

question

The government agency responsible for regulating the manufacturing and dispensing of controlled substances is called the ________.

answer

DEA

question

All of the following are advantages to reclassifying a prescription drug to be an over-the-counter drug (OTC) EXCEPT ________.

answer

there is a greater chance for drug-drug interactions

question

The Controlled Substances Act of 1970 did all of the following EXCEPT ________.

answer

introduce the word "Narcotic"

question

The drug Premarin, a female hormone replacement used to treat the symptoms of menopause, is derived from ________.

answer

pregnant mare's urine

question

Pharmacology is ________.

answer

the study of drugs and their interactions with living organisms

question

Which drug was historically introduced first?

answer

Morphine for pain, from crude opium

question

The Controlled Substances Act created ________ categories of drugs based on their potential for addiction.

answer

five

question

When analgesic drugs are used to control arthritis pain, this is an example of the ________ use of drugs.

answer

therapeutic

question

An example of a Schedule I drug is ________.

answer

LSD

question

The FDA will allow a prescription drug to be reclassified as an over-the-counter (OTC) drug if ________.

answer

patients can monitor their own conditions and don't need to have special monitoring or tests

question

Jamie Alvarez is going to fly in an airplane for the first time. She is afraid she might experience motion sickness, so she has decided to take the over-the-counter drug Dramamine. This is an example of ________.

answer

the preventive use of drugs

question

The medical use of drugs during radiological procedures and other types of medical tests to provide evidence of a disease process is known as ________.

answer

a diagnostic use

question

All of the following are minerals that are included in multivitamin supplements EXCEPT ________.

answer

vitamin C

question

An OTC drug is defined as a drug that can be purchased without a prescription and is generally considered safe for consumers to use if the label's directions and warnings are followed carefully and all warnings are heeded.

answer

True

question

The Orphan Drug Act facilitates the development of drugs to treat patients who are poor and needy and cannot afford medical care.

answer

False

question

In order to prevent diseases, the American Academy of Pediatrics issues an annual immunization schedule listing the immunizations to be given to children before they enroll in school.

answer

True

question

The isolation of potassium from water in 1803 by a German pharmacist marked the beginning of modern drug treatment using chemically pure ingredients.

answer

False, it was morphine

question

A schedule drug is also known as a controlled substance.

answer

True

question

Thyroid supplement drugs are composed of synthetic materials and the mineral iodine.

answer

False

question

We know from reading the newspaper that cocaine is available illegally as a street drug, but cocaine is also a Schedule II drug with legitimate medical uses.

answer

True

question

Drugs in the 1700s and 1800s were mostly useless, containing only water and oils, and they never contained addictive drugs.

answer

False

question

Legend drugs are also known as over-the-counter drugs.

answer

False

question

Prescription drugs must be obtained with a written order or a voice order.

answer

True

question

In the early 1900s, cocoa butter was an ingredient in making hand-rolled suppositories.

answer

True

question

Pharmacology is one of the oldest branches of medicine.

answer

True

question

The Egyptians applied moldy bread to abrasions, a practice that actually had some therapeutic basis.

answer

True

question

The opium poppy has been used for centuries as a painkiller and also as a recreational drug to induce euphoria and a trance-like state.

answer

True

question

A drug or a medicine can be thought of as any nonfood chemical substance that affects the mind or the body.

answer

True

question

Which drug name accurately describes its molecular structure and distinguishes it from all other drugs?

answer

chemical name

question

The chemical name of a drug ________.

answer

is too lengthy and complicated for everyday use by healthcare professionals

question

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

answer

The drug's original trade name can be used by other companies after the patent expires.

question

Which of the following is registered with the U.S. Patent Office as a registered trademark?

answer

trade name

question

Once the FDA gives final approval for drug marketing, the drug company creates a ________.

answer

trade name

question

Stem cells are cells that are capable of ________.

answer

differentiating into any type of body tissue

question

In the past, without the use of computers, designing a new drug by changing the molecular structure of an existing drug was ________.

answer

a slow process of trial and error

question

This drug contains a double-strength dose, as shown by its trade name.

answer

Bactrim DS

question

There are ________ phases of human testing for new drugs.

answer

three

question

The first recombinant DNA technology drug approved by the FDA was ________.

answer

a human version of insulin

question

The Human Genome Project ________.

answer

mapped all 3.2 billion parts of the human genome

question

The United States Adopted Names (USAN) Council ________.

answer

works with the drug company to determine the generic name for a drug

question

Information from the human genome has led to the development of the subspecialty areas of ________ in research and drug design.

answer

pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics

question

Each drug is assigned a 10-digit code, broken up into three segments. Which of the following is NOT information that can be obtained from the 10-digit code?

answer

the drug type

question

The brand name of the drug Lithobid was selected to indicate ________.

answer

how often the drug is to be given

question

Both the ethical and the tissue rejection issues of stem cell therapy can be avoided if ________.

answer

the patient's own bone marrow or blood is used

question

Drugs can be created or designed using all of the following techniques EXCEPT ________.

answer

observing the toxic effects

question

All of the following are examples of new drugs discovered in the environment EXCEPT ________.

answer

a placebo used in double-blind studies

question

The patent on a new drug is in effect for ________ years.

answer

17

question

From the moment of its discovery or design, every drug has a ________ name that is assigned by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).

answer

chemical

question

What incentive does the FDA give to drug companies that agree to do clinical trials of their drugs on children?

answer

a six-month extension on their new drug patent

question

Once a drug has been approved by the FDA, the drug is guaranteed to stay on the market indefinitely because it has received FDA approval.

answer

False

question

A drug company may evaluate thousands of different chemicals before finding one that moves successfully through all phases of testing and is finally approved by the FDA for release and marketing.

answer

True

question

In double-blind studies, each patient receives both the drug and a placebo.

answer

False

question

The animal phase of drug testing precedes testing on humans.

answer

True

question

Genetic engineering came about as a result of deciphering the human genome.

answer

False

question

An isomer is a drug that has the same chemical formula as another drug, but has those atoms arranged in a different way.

answer

True

question

The pharmacodynamics of a drug are tested during the human phase of drug testing.

answer

False

question

Once a drug has received its final approval from the FDA, its ingredients, doses, manufacturing process, labeling, and packaging cannot be changed.

answer

True

question

Even though drug manufacturers are held to the linguistic standards of the FDA, some trade name drugs are often difficult to spell.

answer

False

question

A drug company is protected by a 17-year patent on any new drug that is approved by the FDA. However, part of the 17-year patent period is lost during the testing process.

answer

True

question

Every drug company must provide the FDA with a complete list of all prescription drugs they currently have on the market.

answer

True

question

No matter how a drug was originally discovered or designed, it must be thoroughly tested by the FDA before it can be marketed.

answer

False

question

The advertising of both prescription and OTC drugs is regulated by the FDA.

answer

False

question

The higher the number of the therapeutic index, the more desirable it is, because it indicates that the drug has a wide margin of safety.

answer

True

question

While it is physiologically impossible for a placebo to exert any pharmacological effect, patients often report a decrease in certain types of symptoms after taking a placebo.

answer

True

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