US history 1 study guide part 1 – Flashcards
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Gadsden Territory
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purchased in1853 from Mexico by President Pierce for 10 million dollars for land for the railroads
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Louisiana Purchase
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the largest peaceful addition of territory in US history, purchased in 1803 by the US from France for 15 million dollars
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Missouri Compromise
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an agreement made in 1820 that allowed Maine to enter the Union as a free state and Missouri to enter as a slave state
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Seneca Falls Convention
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convention held in 1848, issued an historic declaration of women's rights
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Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798
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laws passed that made it a crime to criticize the government of the US, directly violates the first amendment
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Manifest Destiny
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belief that the US should include the continent from the Atlantic to the Pacific therefore railroads linking the North to the West were vital so Americans could settle the land to the west
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Sectionalism
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loyalty to one's own region of the country, rather than to the nation as a whole
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Protective Tariff
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tax that would raise the price of foreign products therefore protecting domestic production - supported by the Northern manufacturers and opposed by the South.
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Mexican Cession
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Mexican territories of California and New Mexico given to the United States in 1848
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Brown verses Board of Education of Topeka
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court case that established "separate but equal" is unconstitutional
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Freedman's Bureau
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provided: food, clothing, jobs, medical care, schools for former slaves and the poor whites
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Reconstruction Acts of 1867
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created five military districts out of the former Confederate states under the Union Army's control
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Marbury verses Madison
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claimed that the Supreme Court was empowered to interpret what the constitution meant
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Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
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written anonymously by Jefferson and Madison in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts, declared that states could nullify acts of Congress that the states considered unconstitutional
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Doctrine of Nullification
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(expressed in the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions) it said that states could nullify federal laws if they felt they were unconstitutional
