question

Feeling for swollen lymph nodes is an example of auscultation.

answer

False

question

We can see through bones with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

answer

True

question

Histology is the study of structures that can be observed without a magnifying lens.

answer

False

question

Cells were first named by microscopist Robert Hooke.

answer

True

question

All functions of the body can be interpreted as the effects of cellular activity.

answer

True

question

The hypothetico-deductive method is common in physiology, whereas the inductive method is common in anatomy.

answer

True

question

An individual scientific fact has more information than a theory.

answer

False

question

Evolutionary (darwinian) medicine traces some of our diseases to our evolutionary past.

answer

True

question

The terms development and evolution have the same meaning in physiology.

answer

False

question

Organs are made of tissues.

answer

True

question

A molecule of water is more complex than a mitochondrion (organelle).

answer

False

question

Homeostasis and occupying space are both unique characteristics of living things.

answer

False

question

Positive feedback helps to restore normal function when one of the body's physiological variables gets out of balance.

answer

False

question

Negative feedback is a self-amplifying chain of events that tend to produce rapid change in the body

answer

False

question

Anatomists over the world adhere to a lexicon of standard international terms, which stipulates both Latin names and accepted English equivalents.

answer

True

question

Feeling structures with your fingertips is called _________, whereas tapping on the body and listening for sounds of abnormalities is called ____________

answer

palpation; percussion.

question

___________________ was the first to publish accurate drawings of the body, and is thus regarded as "the father of modern anatomy."

answer

Vesalius

question

________________ wrote the most influential medical textbook of the ancient era.

answer

Galen

question

Which of these is the best imaging technique for routinely examining the anatomical development of a fetus?

answer

sonography

question

The terms physics, physiology, and physician come from a term that ___ proposed to distinguish natural causes from supernatural causes.

answer

Aristotle

question

The process of using numerous observations to develop general principles and predictions about a specific subject is called

answer

inductive method

question

Most people think that ulcers are caused by psychological stress. It was discovered that an acid-resistant bacterium, Heliobacter pylori, lives in the lining of the stomach. If these bacteria cause ulcers, then treatment with an antibiotic should reduce ulcers. This line of investigation is an example of

answer

hypothetico-deductive reasoning

question

An educated speculation or a possible answer to a question is called

answer

hypothesis.

question

The use of controls and statistical testing are two aspects of experimental design that help to ensure

answer

objective and reliable results.

question

______________ is a process that submits a scientist's ideas to the critical judgment of other specialists in the field before the research is funded or published.

answer

Peer review

question

Which of the following would contain the greatest amount of information that scientists consider to be true to the best of their knowledge?

answer

theory

question

The study of structure and function of cells is called

answer

cytology

question

_______ established a code of ethics for physicians. He is considered the "father of medicine".

answer

Hippocrates

question

A new drug apparently increases short-term memory. Students were divided randomly into two groups at the beginning of the semester. One group was given the memory pill once a day for the semester, and the other group was given a same-looking pill, but it was just sugar. The sugar pill is termed a(n)

answer

Placebo

question

Two groups of people were tested to determine whether garlic lowers blood cholesterol levels. One group was given 800 mg of garlic powder daily for four months and exhibited an average 12% reduction in the blood cholesterol. The other group was not given any garlic and after four months averaged a 3% reduction in cholesterol. The group that was not given the garlic was the

answer

control group.

question

A change in the genetic composition of a population over time is called

answer

evolution.

question

The constant appearance of new strains of influenza virus is an example of

answer

evolution

question

The principal theory of how evolution works is called

answer

natural selection

question

Which of the following was an adaptation evolved in connection with human upright walking?

answer

spinal and pelvic anatomy

question

Stereoscopic vision provides

answer

depth perception

question

Humans are born before their nervous system have matured, which is traceable to A. their inability to regulate body temperature.

answer

skeletal adaptations to bipedalism.

question

Our own species is called

answer

Homo sapiens

question

Most primates are ________________, meaning they live in trees

answer

arboreal

question

An _______________ is composed of two or more tissues types, whereas ____________ are microscopic structures in a cell

answer

organ, organelles

question

This option lists levels of human structure from the most complex to the simplest.

answer

organ system, organ, tissue, cell, organelle

question

41. This option lists examples of body's structures from the simplest to the most complex

answer

protein, mitochondrion, adipocyte (fat cell), connective tissue, stomach

question

...42. A(n) _____________ is a group of similar cells in a discrete region of an organ performing a specific function.

answer

tissue

question

Taking apart a clock to see how it works is similar to ____________ thinking about human physiology. A. comparative

answer

reductionist

question

____________ approaches understanding of the human body by studying interactions of its parts. A. naturalism.

answer

vitalism

question

____________ is the view that not everything about an organism can be understood or predicted from the knowledge of its components; that is, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts

answer

Reductionism

question

The fact that most of us have five lumbar vertebrae, but some people have six and some have four is an example of ____________ variation among organisms.

answer

anatomical

question

________________ are the simplest body's structures considered alive.

answer

cells

question

All of the following are human organ systems except

answer

epidermal.

question

All of the following are organs except

answer

digestive system

question

Metabolism is the sum of

answer

anabolism and catabolism

question

We live in an ever-changing environment outside of our body, yet our internal conditions remain relatively stable. This is called

answer

homeostasis

question

When you exercise you generate excess heat and your body temperature rises. Blood vessels dilate in the skin, warm blood flows closer to the body surface, and you lose heat. This exemplifies

answer

negative feedback

question

When a woman is giving birth, the head of the baby pushes against her cervix and stimulates release of the hormone oxytocin. Oxytocin travels in the blood and stimulates the uterus to contract. Labor contractions become more and more intense until the baby is expelled. This is an example of

answer

positive feedback

question

Which of the following is most likely to cause disease?

answer

positive feedback

question

Blood glucose concentration rises after a meal and stimulates release of the hormone insulin. Insulin travels in the blood and stimulates body cells to uptake glucose from the bloodstream. This reduces blood glucose concentration. This is an example of

answer

negative feedback

question

The ____________ is defined as a healthy male 22 years old, weighing 70 kg (154 lb), under no environmental stress, and consuming 2,800 kilocalories (kcal) per day; whereas the ________ is the same except for a weight of 58 kg (128 lb) and an intake of 2,000 kcal/day.

answer

reference man, reference woman

question

The change in size of the bone marrow (where blood cells are produced) as an infant matures is an example of __________, whereas the transformation of blood stem cells into white blood cells is an example of __________________

answer

growth, differentiation

question

Three common components of a feedback loop are

answer

a receptor, an integrating (control) center, and an effector

question

Negative feedback loops are

answer

homeostatic.

question

The prefix hypo- means _______________, whereas hyper- means _____________.

answer

below, above

question

The term fallopian tube (uterine tube) is an example of

answer

an eponym

question

Hypercalcemia means

answer

elevated calcium levels in blood

question

The plural of axilla (armpit) is ____________ whereas the plural of appendix is ___________.

answer

axillae; appendices.

question

The plural of villus (hair) is ____________ whereas the plural of diagnosis is ____________

answer

villi, diagnoses.

question

The lexicon of standard international anatomical terms

answer

is called Terminologia Anatomica (TA)

Anatomy & physiology chapter 1 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards