question

A star's life is determined by ___

answer

Mass

question

How old is the earth?

answer

4.5 Billion Years

question

A scientific theory ___

answer

Has been texted and shown to agree with all observations to date.

question

Primary result of greenhouse effect is ___

answer

It causes warmer temperatures than if there were no atmosphere

question

If you were at the equator, then the north star would be ___

answer

On your horizon

question

The primary source of the sun's energy is ___

answer

a result of 4H becoming 1He.

question

The Earth's atmosphere is mostly composed of ___

answer

Nitrogen.

question

The largest planets in our solar system are ___

answer

Jupiter and Saturn.

question

An example of extraordinary evidence is ___

answer

an example of seeing it for your self.

question

Venus is ___ (direction). Azimiuth angle is ___ (degrees).

answer

SE; 135 degrees

question

The brightest star is ___

answer

The sun

question

Declination is ___

answer

analogous to latitude

question

Right ascension is ___

answer

analogous to longitude

question

Relative to the stars, the sun and moon move ___

answer

west to east

question

For a solar eclipse, the moon phase must be ___

answer

a new moon

question

Who used the calendar of 29-30 days?

answer

The jews and babylonians

question

Keplers second law ___

answer

was an implication that a planet moves fastest when closest to the sun

question

What is the direction of our acceleration out of a car if you feel thrown left while turning?

answer

Right

question

Are you accelerating if you're going straight down the hill at a constant speed?

answer

No. There is no change.

question

If you go over the hill at a constant speed, are you accelerating?

answer

Yes.

question

What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum from increasing wavelengths?

answer

Gamma Rays, xrays, uv, visible light, infrared, microwave, radio

question

Composed of quarks?

answer

Protons and neutrons. But not electrons

question

Photons of higher energy?

answer

Those of higher frequency. Not higher speed or greater speed

question

States of matter are ___

answer

Solid, liquid, gas, and plasma

question

Most common state of matter is ___

answer

plasma

question

Largest optical telescopes are ___

answer

reflectors

question

True or False: All planets in our solar system orbit the same direction.

answer

True. But they do not all spin the same direction

question

4 materials from most to least refractory are ____

answer

Iron, rock, methane, helium

question

Which type of seismic waves are slower and do not propagate?

answer

Seismic S waves are slower and do not propagate through liquids.

question

The earth's core is composed of primarily ___. The earth's mantle is mostly ___.

answer

Iron; Silicate

question

Planets surface age from youngest to oldest:

answer

Earth, Venus, Mars, Mercury (least to most craters)

question

Most volcanic active body is ___

answer

Io (a moon)

question

Moon with thickest atmosphere:

answer

Titan

question

Largest moon is ___

answer

Ganymede

question

Largest moon to orbit retrograde is ___

answer

Tritan

question

Moon with most craters is ___

answer

Callisto

question

Layers of the sun:

answer

Core, Radiative Zone, Convective zone, photosphere, chromosphere, corona, heliosphere

question

Hottest atmospheric layer of the sun is ___

answer

The Corona

question

Sun spot number cycle is ___. Magnetic cycle is ___.

answer

11 years; 22 years

question

Solution to the solar neutrino problem is ___

answer

Neutrinos switch type.

question

HR Diagram

answer

White dwarfs lower left. Red giants upper right.

question

M type stars...

answer

last the longest on the main sequence (MS)

question

O type stars...

answer

last the shortest because they use up their fuel so fast

question

AGB star source of energy

answer

He and He

question

M1: crab nebula source of energy

answer

Rotation

question

White dwarfs are ___. Nova are ___.

answer

+10; -10 (but we only see 10 magnitudes because the red giant is too close to separate)

question

What is the order of the stages of the sun?

answer

TT Mr Haw = Tauri, Main Sequence, Red giant, Horizonal Branch, AGB, White dwarf

question

Odd ball stars

answer

The default explanation is mass transfer in a close binary (excretion disk of a supermassive black hole)

question

Hubble type

answer

Large, round, bulge compared to small arms then the hubble type is an ordinary spiral because it has a round bulge (spiral sub class A)

question

Our milky way galaxy formed from ___ but ___.

answer

Relatively high angular momentum; low average density

question

Our galaxy is a ___

answer

barred spiral (SBbc)

question

Who discovered Cepheids in Andromeda?

answer

Hubble

question

Order of the standard candles from least to most luminous:

answer

RRLyrae, Cepheids, Novas

question

Reason for seasons?

answer

Earth's tilt

question

Astrology is a phseudoscience because ___

answer

it pretends to be scientific but it isn't

question

Ocean tides are the highest when ___

answer

the moon is high

question

Why is the sky blue?

answer

Blue light being scattered

question

Looking towards the west, the sun has set but the moon has not yet. What phase is the moon?

answer

Waxing crescent

question

Our earth formed from ___, ___, and ___ from stars that ____.

answer

Oxygen, iron, and silicon; died long before the sun

question

What is the cosmic address?

answer

You, earth, solar system, milky way galaxy, local group, local supercluster

question

If the sun became a black hole, orbits would ___

answer

be the same (unchanged)

question

Why do we see one face of the moon/one side of the moon?

answer

The reason is because spin and orbit at the same time

question

Who discovered the moons of Jupiter?

answer

Galileo

question

Who showed that the Earth is spherical and calculated its circumference of Earth?

answer

Eratosthenes

question

Science better at discovering natural laws because ___

answer

greater reliance than other fields on the eye

question

The sun is ___

answer

an above average star

question

If a truck has 3 times the mass, you want 2 times the acceleration.

answer

You will need 6 times the force.

question

Bird and plane; same force, but bird more acceleration. So if they collide at a high speed, ___

answer

they will have the same force

question

At the same temperature, oxygen will have to be moving faster than ___

answer

CO2

question

You're on the ground, and what is the reaction force to your weight?

answer

It is pulling up on the earth

question

Fast freddy and big bob: fast freddy has the same linear momentum as big bob but fast freddy has ___

answer

has more kinetic energy

question

Due to tidal forces between the earth, moon, and the day:

answer

The day is getting longer; the moon is receding

question

High amplitude would mean ____. Low frequency is ____

answer

Bright; red

question

If you do not change the medium, then the velocity remains ___. If you decrease the wavelength, that would ___

answer

cause the frequency to increase

question

Who came up with the 4 equation of electromagnetism?

answer

Maxwell

question

Who was the first to measure the speed of light?

answer

Roemer

question

What is an example of a zone of divergence?

answer

Middle of Atlantic ocean

question

____ mercury day in a mercury ____. ____ Venus days in a Venus ___. The ancient greeks thought that Mercury and Venus were ____

answer

1/2 Mercury day; Mercury year; 2 Venus days; Venus year; two different planets

question

Venus clouds have ___

answer

sulfuric acid

question

Which was the first spacecraft caught into orbit around Saturn and not just fly by it?

answer

Cassini

question

What is the order of the rings?

answer

DCBcassiniAFGE

question

Most comets are located in the ___

answer

Oort Cloud

question

Most meteors come from ___ but most meteorites come from ___.

answer

Comets; Asteroids

question

Uranus was discovered by ___

answer

Herschel

question

Pluto was discovered by ___

answer

Tombaugh

question

Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system is ___

answer

Impact basin

question

Uranus does not emit ___

answer

Two times the energy received

question

Most of the hydrogen and helium comes from ___

answer

The Big Bang (Most heavier elements from stars)

question

The suns spectral type is ___

answer

G2

question

Most stars seen in the sky are ___. Most stars in the universe are ___.

answer

More luminous; less luminous

question

Binaries:

answer

Spectroscopic, eclipsing, visual (visual are the widest apart)

question

Red Nebula:

answer

Emission

question

Blue Nebula:

answer

Reflection

question

Dark Nebulas:

answer

Absorption (where most stars form)

question

If a cluster lacks O, D, and B, then ___

answer

then it is old

question

If a cluster still has O type stars, then ___

answer

it is a young cluster

question

1/2 the mass of Jupiter should be ___

answer

a planet

question

1000 times the mass of Jupiter is ___

answer

A G type star

question

40 times the mass of Jupiter is ___

answer

A brown Dwarf

question

1 mass of sun (dead star) is ___

answer

A white dwarf

question

2 mass of dead star is ___

answer

Neutron Star

question

5 solar mass star ___

answer

Black Hole

question

As the sun leaves the main sequence, ___

answer

It will be a hydrogen shell fusion

question

End of line:

answer

Fe, Iron

question

Ladder

answer

Lowest is light time, then parallax, then standard candle, and top step is hubble law (which is the least reliable and greatest distance)

question

Dark matter and dark energy are ___.

answer

different things

question

Dark matter explains ___

answer

fast stars in galaxies and bound fast galaxies

question

Dark energy explains ___

answer

why the universe is accelerating/speeding up

question

The four forces in order (strongest to weakest)

answer

Strong nuclear, electromagnetism, the weak nuclear, gravity

question

If you join all 4 forces

answer

TOE

question

If you join 3 (not gravity)

answer

Grant Unified Theory (GUT)

question

Intelligent life out there?

answer

Probably yes

question

Intelligent life visiting us?

answer

Probably no

Astronomy 1040 UVU Dr Powell Final Review – Flashcards

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