Test Questions on Bacteria – Microbiology – Flashcards with Answers
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Unlock answersGram + Catalase + Coagulase + Cocci |
| S. aureus |
gram + Catalse + Coagulase - Cocci |
| Staph epidermidis |
This bacteria has M protein, capsule, is B-hemolytic Causes: Pharyngitis, Scarlet fever, Toxic Shock |
| Group A Strep |
This bacteria is an important cause of neonatal meningitis It is a gram+ cocci, B-hemolytic |
| Group B strep (Streptococcus agalactiae) |
This gram + cocci is catalase and coagulase - Causes tooth decay and heart damage |
| Viridans Streptococci |
Gram+ diplococci, alpha-hemolytic Is an important cause of CA-pneumonia Most common cause of bacterial meningitis in adults Optochin sensitive |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae |
Gram+ pairs/short chains, often MDR Causes nosocomial infections, UTI, bacteremia Part of normal bowel flora |
| Enterococcus |
Gram+ spore forming bacillus Causes gas gangrene, cellulitis, food poisoning |
| Clostridium perfringens |
Gram+ anaerobic spore forming Can be foodborne, also found in soil/water has A-B toxin preventing ACh release |
| Clostridium botulinum |
gram + anaerobic bacillus spores have "drumstick" appearance found in soil A-B toxin prevents release of GABA/glycine |
| Clostridium tetani |
Gram+ spore forming bacillus causes diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis |
| Clostridium difficle |
Gram+, spore forming bacillus w/capsule transmision: animals --> human used as bioterror weapon |
| Bacillus anthracis |
Gram+ spore forming bacillus Causes food poisoning (rice) |
| Bacillus cereus |
Gram+ rod, aerobic
causes: exudative pharyngitis --> gray fibirinous psuedomembrane
A-B toxin inhbitis protein synthesis by ADP ribosylation of EF2 |
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae |
Gram+ rod with ENDOTOXIN (LPS), motile catalse +, B-hemolytic facultative intracellular organism can live at a wide range of temps causes neonatal meningitis |
| Listeria monocytogenes |
Gram+ rods/filaments, anaerobic causes chronic granulomatous lesions Sulfur granules |
| Actinomyces israelii |
gram + aerobe, acid fast causes: bronchial pneumonia, cutaneous infection
|
| Nocardia |
gram+, acid-fast, aerobic bacillus primary- asymptomatic lung infection secondary- caseating granulomas, night sweats, weight loss, productive cough w/blood |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
Gram+, acid fast cannot be grown in culture involves skin, nerves, eyes, and testes manifestation depends on if body chooses Th1 or Th2 response |
| Mycobacterium leprae |
gram - rod, lactose - causes gastroenteritis, enteric fever Virulence factors: hemolysin, Vi, endotoxin
|
| Samonella typhi or paratyphi |
gram - rod, lactose -, motile causes: self-limiting nausea, vomiting, diarrhea zoonotic, NOT invasive |
| Samonella typhimurium/enteriditis |
gram - rod, lactose -, NON-motile very small inoculum causes: cramps, diarrhea, fever, bloody stool |
| Shigella |
gram - rod, lactose - zoonotic invasive, type III secretion of Yops proteins |
Yersinia pestis --> bubonic plague entercolitica --> enterocolitis |
gram -, lactose + grows on EMB and MacConkey Agar 3 major antigens: O, K, and H cuases: diarrhea of various types |
Pathogenic E.coli ETEC- enterotoxigenic --> Traveler's diarrhea EPEC-enteropathogenic --> infant diarrhea EIEC -enteroinvasive --> bloody diarrhea EHEC-enterohemorrhagic --> bloody diarrhea EAEC-enteroaggregative --> infant diarrhea DAEC-diffusely aggregative --> watery diarrhea |
gram - rod, lactose + red currant jelly causes CA-pneumonia |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae |
gram-, lactose - rod, urease + "swarming" on plates causes: UTIs and kidney stones |
| Proteus mirabilis |
gram-, lactose + red/pink pigment |
| Serratia marcescens |
gram -, lactose + rod causes: nosocomial pneumonia, UTI, bacteremia, meningitis resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins |
| Enterobacter and Citrobacter |
gram -, cytochrom oxidase + causes: skin infections in burn patients, UTIs, external otitis, endocarditis in drug users has pyocyanin, grape-like odor |
| Psuedomonas aeruginosa |
gram -, anaerobic bacillus Causes: intra-abdominal infections after surgery, wound, perforation, ruptured appendix usualy part of a mixed infection |
| Bacteroides fragilis |
gram -, curved rod, single flagellum causes watery diarrhea toxin increases cAMP, blocks absorption of Na, promotes secretion of Cl --> rice water stools |
Vibrio cholerae
also V. parahemolyticus and V. vulnificus |
gram -, curved rod, single polar flagellum MOST COMMON cause of bacterial gastroenteritis zoonotic |
| Campylobacter jejuni |
gram -, curved rod, single flagellum, urease+ causes: gastroenteritis, duodenal ulcers, gastric carcinoma/lymphoma |
| Helicobacter pylori |
gram - diplococcus, encapsulated grows on Thayer-Martin chocolate agar causes: meningitis, meinigococcemia |
| Neisseria meningitidis |
gram- diplococci, no capsule causes: urethritis, PID is an STD |
| Neisseria gonorrheae |
gram-, oxidase +, aerobic diplococci causes: otitis media, COPD |
| Moraxella catarrhalis |
gram -, coiled spiral shape STD test for it using VDRL, FTA-ABS |
| Treponema pallidum aka Syphilis |
gram - spirochete erythema migrans --> migrating oligoarthritis transmission via tick or body louse |
Borrelia burgdorferi --> lyme disease recurrentis --> relapsing fever, severe, less relapses hermsii --> replasing fever, mild, more relapses |
gram - spirochete causes: flu-like symptoms, Weil's syndrome Transmission: rodent/animal urine |
| Leptospira |
gram - rod causes Cat scratch fever |
| Bartonella henselae |
gram - rod causes Trench fever in 5 day intervals |
| Bartonella quitana |
gram - rod transmitted by sandfly causes Orroya fever |
| Bartonella bacilliformis |
gram -, mostly aerobic type B and non-typeable strins causes: pneumonia, meningitis, cellulitis, arthritis |
| Haemophilus influenza |
gram - aerobic bacillus intracellular, requires iron and cysteine causes: pneumonia |
| Legionella pneumophilia |
gram- cocco-bacillus causes:severe paroxysmal coughing |
| Bordetella pertussis |
gram- cocco-bacillus causes: undulant fever w/malaise/chills transmission: unpasteurized milk, direct contact w/animals carrying strains |
| Brucella |
gram - coccobacillus, encapsulated causes Tularemia (glandular fever) Transmission: tick, cat/rabbit |
| Francisella tularensis |
gram - cocco-bacillus causes: localized, streaky cellulitis transmission: cat scratch or bite |
| Pasteurella multicoda |
gram - with LPS, obligate intracellular causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
| Rickettsia rickettsii |
Smallest free-living organism NO cell wall causes: atypical/walking pneumonia "fried egg" morphology |
| Mycoplasma |
obligate intracellular organsim replicates in phagolysosomes causes Q Fever transmitted from animals |
| Coxiella burnetii |
obligate intracellular has Elemntary and Reticulate body forms is an STD |
| Chlamydia trachomatis |
| This gram positive rod can cause granulomatosis infantisepticum in a neonate |
| Listeria monocytogenes |
| This bacteria causes traveler's diarrhea |
| Enterotoxigenic E.coli (ETEC) |
| This type of E.coli expresses the phage transduced Shiga toxin |
Enterohemorrhagic E.coli (EHEC)
O157:H7 is best known serotype |
