PROJECT MANAGEMENT: Project Planning, Monitoring, and Termination – Flashcards
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communication
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a two-way process where information is shared and received
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project management
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a discipline that deals with the process to bring a product from the idea phase to the delivery phase
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Communication is a two-way process in which information is _____ and ____
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delivered and recived
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What is the role of a project manager? A. to hire all of the works for a project B. to oversee a project from beginning to end C. to complete an assessment of a project's quality D. to decide that a project should be begun
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B. to oversee a project from beginning to end
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What is the fourth primary goal that a project manager may have to consider if the project involves work done for an outside company or individual? A. contractor pay B. project management C. client expectations D. stakeholder interests
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C. client expectations
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What question should you ask yourself to determine if someone working on a project is a stakeholder? A. "Does this person have something to gain or lose from the project outcome?" B. "Has this person contributed any major ideas to the structure of the project?" C. "Have I ever seen him or her working on any part of the project before?" D. "Will this person be able to explain the details of the project budget?"
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A. "Does this person have something to gain or lose from the project outcome?"
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When a person or organization uses the services of another professional, that person or organization is called the
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client
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What is included in a project budget? A. the costs of supplies and materials needed B. salaries, wages, and other pay distributed to workers C. logistics costs, such as those involving transportation D. all of the costs necessary to complete a project
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D. all of the costs necessary to complete a project
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What is the name given to the document that each project participant and client receives, describing the specific expectations and guidelines for what is expected? A. declaration of intent B. statement of work C. power of attorney D. rights of use
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B. statement of work
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Which of the following sequences indicates the order in which a project is properly initiated? A. Scope defined; goals set; objectives identified; needs determined B. Needs determined; goals set; objectives identified; scope defined C. Goals set; needs determined; scope defined; objectives identified D. Objectives identified; scope defined; needs determined; goals set
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B. Needs determined; goals set; objectives identified; scope defined
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During which phase of a project are contracts and legal documents written and signed? A. initiation B. planning C. execution D. closing
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B. planning
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In what way, if any, can body language impact the way a message is communicated? A. If the overall message is clear, body language does not matter. B. Negative body language can cause miscommunication. C. Positive body language can cause overconfidence. D. Any body language is confusing and should be avoided.
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B. Negative body language can cause miscommunication.
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conflict
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an incompatibility or a struggle
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negotiation
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the attempt to reach an agreement or compromise
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problems
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things that arise that are unwanted or unwelcome
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In what way, if any, is the likelihood of risk affected by the timing of a project? A. The likelihood of risk is greater in the beginning of a project. B. The likelihood of risk is greater in the middle of a project. C. The likelihood of risk is greater toward the end of a project. D. The likelihood of risk is not affected by the timing of a project.
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A. The likelihood of risk is greater in the beginning of a project.
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Project managers could use a software tool such as Microsoft _______ to help build a timeline or schedule in the planning stage.
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project
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smoothing
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requires each individual to recognize where they agree and where they disagree; downplays conflict
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denial
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the group collectively pretends the problem is not actually there; is not usually effective over the long term
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compromising
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each individual gives in a bit and learns to work together; no one gets everything they want, but everyone gets something
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Which of the following defines conflict? A. a situation that no one understands B. a problem that cannot be solved C. an incompatibility or struggle D. a violent fight or argument
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C. an incompatibility or struggle
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define the problem
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Look at the problem and determine the cause, effects, and the symptoms of the problem.
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identify solutions
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Gather facts, interview and survey individuals involved, and gather technical information.
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analyze the problem
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Have people involved get together and brainstorm ideas; focus groups may be formed.
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Which of the following defines negotiation? A. the attempt to reach an agreement or compromise B. the forced solution to a disruptive problem C. the introduction of an outside party to solve a conflict D. the method by which a problem is discovered
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A. the attempt to reach an agreement or compromise
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When a project manager is negotiating a compromise between two or more parties, what are the two goals that must be achieved for the compromise to work? A. see that at least one side is satisfied; meet the client's demands B. resolve the conflict; meet the needs of the project C. make both sides happy; finish the project on time D. secure agreement; ensure there are no more conflicts
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B. resolve the conflict; meet the needs of the project
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What should receive the most focus during a compromise: what each side has to gain, what each side must give up, or both? A. It is best to focus on what both sides have to gain, because it is important to stay positive. B. It is best to focus on what both sides must sacrifice, so neither side feels targeted. C. It is best to focus on both equally, as both are equally important to compromise. D. It is best not to worry about who gains or loses what, but to focus on the future
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A. It is best to focus on what both sides have to gain, because it is important to stay positive.
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Negotiation is a way to solve a problem or a conflict that involves _________
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compromise
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alpha testing
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a test group is usually made up of members that are closely associated with the project but may not have worked on the project
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beta testing
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a test group that is made up of individuals from outside the organization who are similar to the people who will buy or use the product
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During beta testing, the product is examined by people that are similar to the type of people who may buy the product in the future. (true or false)
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true
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What is the difference, if any, between an alpha test group and a beta test group? A. An alpha test group is made up of people associated with the project, but a beta test group is made up of people from outside the organization. B. An alpha test group is made up of people from outside the organization, but a beta test group is made up of people associated with the project. C. An alpha test group is made up of people who show interest in the product, while a beta test group is made up of people who show no interest in the product. D. An alpha test group is made up of people who show no interest in the product, while a beta test group is made up of people who show interest in the product.
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A. An alpha test group is made up of people associated with the project, but a beta test group is made up of people from outside the organization.
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When a project is shut down or ends, it is called project
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released
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What is the difference, if any, between termination by addition and termination by integration? A. There is no difference between the two—it is simply two terms to describe the same strategy of reassigning the project. B. Termination by addition occurs when a project stops abruptly, but termination by integration is gradual. C. Termination by integration occurs all at once, but termination by addition happens throughout the life if the project. D. Both involve the project being reassigned, but the project remains whole in termination by addition while it is broken up in termination by integration.
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D. Both involve the project being reassigned, but the project remains whole in termination by addition while it is broken up in termination by integration.
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Project management emerged as a profession in the 1960s. (true or false)
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false
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What is the minimum level of education required to be a project manager? A. associate degree B. bachelor's degree C. master's degree D. high school diploma
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B. bachelor's degree
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What is the difference, if any, between a project manager profession and a program manager professional? A. The only difference is that the program manager professional has more experience. B. A program manager professional is responsible for multiple large projects. C. A project manager professional is responsible for multiple large projects. D. There is no difference between the two—these are simply two terms to describe the same job.
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B. A program manager professional is responsible for multiple large projects.
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What aspect of digital media projects handles managerial tasks and technical expertise? A. business B. financial C. software D. creative
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A. business
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What type of knowledge do project managers need to have? A. They need to be experts in their field, but have a "big picture" view of their project. B. They need to have a "big picture" view of their project, but have in-depth knowledge of all aspects of the project. C. They need to be experts in their field, and have in- depth knowledge of all aspects of the project. D. They need not be experts in their field, but they need to have a "big picture" view of their project.
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A. They need to be experts in their field, but have a "big picture" view of their project.
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An individual involved with the ________ aspect of a project will be concerned with budgets and the costs associated with running a business.
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financial
