World History: Democratic Ideas In the Americas – Flashcards
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American leaders sought to draft the Constitution as a new plan of government. Why had the previous plan failed?
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It created a confederation with weak central power.
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The ideas of the Enlightenment, including the concept of the social contract, influenced the American Revolution. Which of these statements best explains what a social contract is?
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People support the government in exchange for rights and protection.
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Which philosopher of the Enlightenment most influenced Thomas Jefferson when drafting the Declaration of Independence?
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John Locke
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In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson listed a series of grievances that colonists had against British rule. What purpose did this serve?
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The list outlined how the British broke the social contract.
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The American Revolution subsequently inspired nineteenth-century independence movements in which part of the world?
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Latin America and the Caribbean
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What effect did the success of the American Revolution have internationally?
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The American Revolution inspired other countries to declare independence.
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The Constitution was drafted in 1787, after the American Revolution ended. What document preceded the Constitution in outlining the powers of the US government?
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the Bill of Rights
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The concept of having three branches of government—executive, judicial, and legislative—was introduced by Montesquieu. What term describes this type of governmental system?
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separation of powers
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Which statement best explains why taxation without representation was a major issue for the colonists?
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The colonists equated a lack of representation with a lack of consent to be ruled.
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In the era of the French Revolution, France faced many of the same issues as those faced by the colonies in the American Revolution. Which problem affected both nations?
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tyrannical monarchies in power
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Which ratifies a proposed amendment to the Constitution?
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the House
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Which best states the principle of limited government established by the Constitution?
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Government can do only what the people give it authority to do.
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The second step to amending the Constitution is that an amendment must be approved by
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three-fourths of state legislatures.
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According to Article II of the Constitution, one of the president's duties is to
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serve as commander in chief.
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How do Americans exercise popular sovereignty?
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by voting for representatives
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Which principle was built into the Constitution?
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limited government
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State governments have the power to a. regulate interstate trade. b. establish local governments. c. declare war. d. negotiate treaties
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...
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How do the three branches of the US government limit each other's powers?
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through checks and balances
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The judicial branch of the US government has the power to
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interpret laws.
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The amendments that lowered the voting age to eighteen and gave women the right to vote were
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the Nineteenth Amendment and the Twenty-sixth Amendment.
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Which right does the Ninth Amendment protect?
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the unnamed rights of individuals
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Why is freedom of speech limited in the United States?
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to protect people and the country
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According to the Fifth Amendment, people who are accused of a crime cannot
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be tried twice for the same crime
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The main purpose of the Tenth Amendment is to
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clarify limits on the federal government
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The Tenth Amendment protects the powers of
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state governments.
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The Sixth Amendment protects the rights of
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people on trial in criminal court.
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Compared with the other amendments, the Ninth Amendment
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is more general in the rights it protects.
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Which does the Ninth Amendment limit?
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government power
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The Third Amendment to the Constitution would be violated if people
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were forced to house soldiers in their homes.
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Under the Eighth Amendment, a person charged with a crime
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does not have to pay excessive bail
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What best explains why some plantation owners punished enslaved persons?
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to keep them as helpless as possible
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BolĂvar had hoped for a unified state in Latin America, but
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instead Latin America was divided into Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.
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Brazil's road to independence was different from that of its Latin American neighbors in that
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criollos signed a petition and asked the king's son, Don Pedro, to rule.
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The man in the picture, Padre Miguel Hidalgo, is noted for
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beginning the Mexican independence movement
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Political instability in the emerging Latin American countries was due in part to
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conflicting views on government.
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Augustin de Iturbide was able to declare independence from Spain while also proclaiming himself emperor in part because
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he deserved the title after his leadership in the battle for independence.
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Who sparked the independence movement in Mexico?
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mestizos and American Indians
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Read the passage. "I declare to you to re-establish slavery would be to attempt the impossible: we have known how to face dangers to obtain our liberty, we shall know how to brave death to maintain it" - Toussaint L'Ouverture, 1797 The passage shows that L'Ouverture believed that freed enslaved persons would
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rather die than go back to being enslaved.
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The coup d'etats in Latin American left the new governments
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strong and united.
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African enslaved persons outnumbered free people 10 to 1 in Saint Dominique, which led to
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a massive and successful uprising
