The obstacles encountered on the journey challenge us to change and grow. Discuss. Journeys form a catalyst for change in the individual. Through the imagination the individual is faced with adversities which are inevitably conquered, and on the return to reality the individual is able to change perceptions and beliefs. Edgar.
A. Poe’s ”Dreamland” Coleridge’s: “Kubla Khan””The Rime of the ancient mariner” challenge the persona to reconsider their attitudes on the physical and unconscious world through the exploration into the medium of the imagination and the subconscious.Dreamland delves into the depths of uncertainty and fear that is ingrained into our thoughts. The journey begins with “From a wild clime that lieth, sublime, /Out of SPACE- out of TIME. ” Syntactical isolation suspends the rhythm of the first stanza.
‘Sublime’ is extended creating a sense of distortion of time
..., followed by: “out of space out of time” the use of repetition of emphasizes the persona departing the physical world and venturing into the unconscious where the imagination is a dimension not measureable by man.Similarly, in Kubla Khan, “Through caverns measureless to man, down to a sunless sea” the imaginative journey has commenced, half-intermitted, depicting the vast fragments of the imagination, producing an overwhelming awareness of the impossible made possible, and the boundless nature of the unconscious. The ocean in mariner could be symbolic of the vast and unrelenting nature of the mind for doing immoral things. Once immersed in the unconscious the poems explore the imagination and the challenges that arise.
Imagery in “Dreamland” is depicted as monochromatic “grey woods” and “white robed forms” which presents the limitation of the mind to depict realistic colours. It’s believed
in the 19th centaury, only the conscious mind associates a colour to the memories of the dreams. This contrasts to Kubla Khan and Mariner where the images explored in the imagination are vivid and full of colour. Which, in Kubla Khan eventually fades into the diminishing beauty of memories. ”May not- dare not openly view it! /never its mysteries are exposed/to the eak human eye unclosed;” demonstrates the horrors commonly explored in the imagination, which cannot be fully accepted in reality and the consequences of the imagination encroaching into reality can have devastations to the ‘weak’ conscious mind.
Similarly Kubla Khan heeds a warning to the responder. ”All should cry, Beware! Beware! / His flashing eyes, his floating hair” forewarns the responder of the dangers of venturing too far into the imagination for inspiration, as the poet is depicted as the man with flashing eyes, and has an awareness of the dangers of the unconsciousness.Mariner explores the consequences of acting immorally. “I had done a hellish thing” presents the realization of his sin and the foreboding of the looming punishment. “And thus the sad Soul that here passes/ Beholds it but through darkened glasses.
” The traveler of the unconscious is portrayed as his soul, for it is truly the soul that undergoes the journey not the body. The soul however has its limitations; it only observes this world through a shaded perspective, for once the persona arrives in reality the imagery of the dreamland is destroyed and darkened behind the limits of the conscious mind to recall the imaginative journey.Kubla Khan also demonstrates this concept. “Sacred river ran..
and sunk in tumult to a
lifeless ocean” ‘sacred river’ romantically depicted as the creative process of the unconscious “meandering with a mazy motion” through the imagination then eventually disappearing into a ‘lifeless ocean’ of worthlessness, where inspiration once mighty, is now lost to the vast ocean of the mind. Through the use of these warnings the composers are able to divulge the unknown truths of the unconscious which forces the responder to reconsider or change their previous beliefs on the imaginative journey and the unconscious mind.All explore the romantic ideals of nature; however subvert expectations of the responder and produce a new meaning for nature. Dreamland depicts the ‘unholy’ facet of nature.
“Their lone waters, lone and dead,-/their sad waters, sad and chilly” through the repetition of ‘lone’ and ‘sad’ to emphasize and produce a sensation of melancholy and despair induced by the evil milieu that tortures him. These dire images symbolize the pain of the human mind.Mariner portrays the unrelenting evil of nature with “slimy things””horned moon”Once he revers nature, become “rich attire””happy living things”. Nature forgives him and he is transformed to treasure and admire its beauty. Kubla Kahn exhibits nature as a ravenous force but also beautiful. “sunny spots of greenery” illustrates the beauty of nature, however it’s contrasted to “green hill.
. a savage place! ” the colour green can be seen with a negative connotation. The use of diction for ‘green’ is effective as its amphibological.Green possibly means growth but also of greed. Coleridge recontextualises ‘green’ and shows both the beauty and vices of nature.
Poe repeats the first stanza to indicate the return to reality, however some words have changed. “I have reached these lands
but newly” to “I have wandered home but newly” showing the change and new outlook on the physical world. Coleridge and Poe explore the Imagination in order to fulfill a yearning that cannot be answered in the physical world, succeed in changing the persona and the responder through the combined imaginative journey.
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