question

JJ Thompson's cathode ray tube determined

answer

electrons existed in atoms

question

the gold foil experiment determined

answer

that protons existed in atoms

question

An experiment performed by Robert ----- in 1909 determined the size of the charge on an electron

answer

milikan

question

A
X
Z

answer

A-mass number
Z-atomic number
X-element symbol

question

Periodic table mass is the
weighted ----
of all of
the isotopes of each element

answer

average

question

according to the electromagnetic spectrum, visible light ranges from _____ (left end) to ____ (right end). What are the respective wavelengths of these two extremas?

answer

violet 400 nm
red 700 nm

question

produced by oscillating motion of electric charge

answer

light/ radiant energy

question

According to the Photoelectric effect and theory, quantity of e–
depends on
---- of light

answer

intensity (brightness)

question

According to the Photoelectric effect and theory, photons are only ejected if

answer

light shined at or above minimum frequency on metal surface

question

T/F: the atomic line spectrum is continuous

answer

false

question

as electrons absorb energy, they move to a ______, also known as the excited state

answer

higher orbital

question

as electrons fall back to a lower orbital, ____ is released as _____

answer

light is released as energy

question

when nf > ni

answer

E > 0

question

when ni > nf

answer

E < 0

question

For sig figs and problems that involve multiple calculations with only division or multiplication...

answer

round at the very end

question

For sig figs and problems that involve multiple calculations with addition/subtraction AND multiplication/division...

answer

sig figs are defined at EACH step

question

1 A is equivalent to

answer

1 x 10^-10 meters

question

the principle quantum number (n) is proportional to

answer

the average distance
of the e-
from the nucleus

question

Angular Momentum Quantum Number (l) describes

answer

the shape of the orbital

question

what letters corresponds to each of the principle quantum numbers: 0, 1, 2, 3

answer

s, p, d, f

question

Magnetic Quantum Number (ml)

answer

describes orientation of the orbital

question

• All orbitals in a subshell have --- energy

answer

same

question

Electron Spin Quantum Number (ms)

answer

orientation of electron

question

Pauli Exclusion Principle states that

answer

Each orbital can only have 2 e-

e- in same orbital have opposite spin

question

in
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 electron configuration of phosphorus, which are the core electrons vs valence electrons

answer

core: 1s2 2s2 2p6
valence: 3s2 3p3

question

special cases in which the electron configuration of certain elements (in the d-orbital range) do not follow the trend arises from what fact regarding d-orbitals?

answer

? filled or completely filled d orbital is more stable

question

aufbau principle

answer

electrons fill from lowest to highest energy

question

Hund's Rule

answer

most stable orbital is where you try to get all orbitals to have same e- spin

question

to find the debroglie wavelength...

answer

divide planck's constant by the product of mass and velocity

question

the element P has the ions P- and P+, place them in order of smallest ionic radius to largest

answer

P+, P, P-

question

Amount of energy required to completely convert
one mole of a solid ionic compound to the
constituent ions in the gas phase

answer

lattice energy

question

____ bonding Gives each atom a noble gas configuration

answer

covalent

question

what is the difference between pure covalent and polar covalent? ionic?

answer

pure- electrons are equally shared
polar- unequally shared
ionic- opposite charges

question

ability of an atom in a
compound to attract electrons to itself

answer

electronegativity

question

List the type of bonding that occurs in the respective electronegativity differences

<0.5
0.52.0
>2.0

answer

nonpolar covalent
polar covalent
ionic

question

when drawing lewis structures, we have to consider that ____(element) only forms two bonds and _____(element) can only form 3

answer

Beryllium
boron

question

three rules of naming covalent compounds

answer

1 add prefixes for both element
2 drop mono for first element
3 add -ide suffice to second element

question

three rules of naming ionic compounds whose cation has 1 charge

answer

1 write metal
2 add -ide if monoatomic anion
3 write name for polyatomic anion

question

four rules of naming ionic compounds whose cation has multiple charges

answer

1 write metal
2 specify charge with roman numerals
3 add -ide if monoatomic anion
4 write name for polyatomic anion

question

go over common polyatomic ion names

answer

question

formula for ethanol

answer

C2H4O

question

naming acids

answer

anion ends in -ate, add -ic
anion ends in -ite, add -ous

question

what molecules have a SPECIFIC number of
waters in their structure?
what indicates the number of water molecules in the compound

answer

hydrates
prefixes

question

what type of acid has only one hydrogen

answer

binary acids
e.g. hydrochloric acid HCL

question

Contain carbon and
hydrogen

answer

organic compounds

question

Covalently bonded to form a single ion

answer

polyatomic ions

question

Metals lose electrons from the ____ shell

answer

largest

question

how to determine the polarity of a molecule? Check what two things?

answer

lone pairs and polar bonds. what are polar bonds?

question

In VB theory, a single bond is represented by

answer

1 sigma bond

question

In VB theory, a double bond is represented by

answer

1 sigma bond and 1 pi bond

question

In VB theory, a triple bond is represented by

answer

1 sigma bond and 2 pi bonds

question

Carbon always
has a complete
octet (put in
---
where
necessary)

answer

hydrogens

question

In organic molecules, what element symbol is usually not written?

answer

carbon/ Carbon-Hydrogen bond

question

Hydrogen phosphate is?

answer

HPO4 ^ -2

question

Draw sulfite ion, what should you take into consideration? How many resonance structures does it have?

answer

3

question

To find ideal bond angles, look at electron domain geometry chart or molecular geometry chart?

answer

based on electron domain geometry

question

hepta

answer

7

question

_________________________________________________
24. What is the name of the compound formed when HI is dissolved in water?

answer

hydroiodic acid

question

_____________________________________________________
27. Resonance structures differ by:

answer

. placement of electrons only

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